Connecting the liquid fragility to the average weakest metal-oxygen bond of its crystal in oxides.

Glass and crystal are inherently different material states in terms of their structural and physical features; consequently, the direct quantitative connection between crystal and glass is lacking. Herein, we first show that the liquid fragility m, which is featured by the negative departure degree of viscosity with the temperature at the glass transition temperature (Tg), has a direct exponential correlation with the ratio of the average longest metal-oxygen and the average phosphorus, silicon, or boron-oxygen bond lengths of the crystal in various oxides including phosphates, silicates, and borates. Such a result can be rationalized by the fact that the fragility m in these glass-formers is associated with the total network rigidity determined by the weakest bond due to the "bucket effect" and the bond pair inheritance of glass from that of the crystal.

Potential Biomarkers of Dysmenorrhea Relief: A MEG Study of Hinoki Aromatherapy and Working Memory.

: This study explored the potential of Hinoki aromatherapy to induce biomarkers of dysmenorrhea relief through working memory. Structural magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography (MEG) were used to examine their effects on neurophysiological responses to a visual working memory (VWM) test. Behavioral performance was measured to understand its effects on the overall working memory.

Microscopic observation of electromechanical instability in a dielectric elastomer actuator utilizing transparent carbon nanotube electrodes.

Electromechanical instability (EMI) restricts the performance of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), leading to premature electrical breakdown at a certain voltage. However, macro-level observations using traditional carbon grease electrodes have failed to capture the detailed features of EMI. In this study, we investigated EMI at the microscopic scale by fabricating transparent and conductive single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) electrodes.

National trends and disparities in herpes zoster vaccination among US older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2008 to 2022.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a risk factor for herpes zoster. Vaccination can prevent or attenuate herpes zoster and its related complications. However, evidence regarding vaccine uptake among patients with COPD is limited.

Oleandrin enhances radiotherapy sensitivity in lung cancer by inhibiting the ATM/ATR-mediated DNA damage response.

Despite active clinical trials on the use of Oleandrin alone or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of solid tumors, the potential synergistic effect of Oleandrin with radiotherapy remains unknown. This study reveals a new mechanism by which Oleandrin targets ATM and ATR kinase-mediated radiosensitization in lung cancer. Various assays, including clonogenic, Comet, immunofluorescence staining, apoptosis and Cell cycle assays, were conducted to evaluate the impact of oleandrin on radiation-induced double-strand break repair and cell cycle distribution.

Outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus esophagectomy for poorly differentiated superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A 10-year cohort study.

Backgrounds: The efficacy of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to treat poorly differentiated superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) is unclear.

Aims: To exploring the efficacy and prognosis of ESD treatment poorly differentiated SESCC compared with esophagectomy.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, the data of poorly differentiated SESCC patients who received ESD or esophagectomy from Jan 2011 to Jan 2021 were analyzed.

Spatialtemporal evolution characteristics of ozone in China and its response to urbanization.

Based on the background of urbanization in China, we used the dynamic spatial panel Durbin model to study the driving mechanism of ozone pollution empirically. We also analyzed the spatial distribution of ozone driving factors using the GTWR. The results show that: i) The average annual increase of ozone concentration in ambient air in China from 2015 to 2019 was 1.

Identification of non-canonical antagonistic bacteria via interspecies contact-dependent killing.

Background: Canonical biocontrol bacteria were considered to inhibit pathogenic bacteria mainly by secreting antibiotic metabolites or enzymes. Recent studies revealed that some biocontrol bacteria can inhibit pathogenic bacteria through contact-dependent killing (CDK) mediated by contact-dependent secretion systems. The CDK was independent of antibiotic metabolites and often ignored in normal biocontrol activity assay.

Improving Sensitivity and Reproducibility of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Biochips Utilizing Magnetoplasmonic Nanoparticles and Statistical Methods.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology has been widely recognized for its remarkable sensitivity in biochip development. This study presents a novel sandwich immunoassay that synergizes SERS with magnetoplasmonic nanoparticles (MPNs) to improve sensitivity. By taking advantage of the unique magnetism of these nanoparticles, we further enhance the detection sensitivity of SERS biochips through the applied magnetic field.

[Diurnal differences in acute gout attacks: A clinical study of male gout patients].

Objective: To observe the diurnal difference of acute gout attacks in men, and provide reference for accurate clinical prevention and treatment.

Methods: Using a single-center, cross-sectional study design, the patients diagnosed with gout in the outpatient department of Rheumatology and Immuno-logy of PLA Joint Logistic Support Force No.980 Hospital from October 2021 to April 2022 were selected.

Effects of bacteria on early-stage litter decomposition in Wudalianchi volcanic forest.

To understand the role of microorganisms in litter decomposition and nutrient cycling in volcanic forest ecosystem, we conducted litterbag decomposition experiment and used Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing to analyze the response of bacterial community structure and diversity during the decomposition of litters from , and , the dominant tree species in volcanic lava plateau of Wudalianchi. The results showed that mass remaining percentage of litters of three species after 18-month decomposition was 63.9%-68.

Depicting Defects in Metallic Glasses by Atomic Vibrational Entropy.

Due to the chaotic structure of amorphous materials, it is challenging to identify defects in metallic glasses. Here we tackle this problem from a thermodynamic point of view using atomic vibrational entropy, which represents the inhomogeneity of atomic contributions to vibrational modes. We find that the atomic vibrational entropy is correlated to the vibrational mean-square displacement and polyhedral volume of atoms, revealing the critical role of vibrational entropy in bridging dynamics, thermodynamics, and structure.

Innovation network structure, government R&D investment and regional innovation efficiency: Evidence from China.

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2019, this paper uses a two-stage DEA model to measure regional innovation efficiency, then non-parametric test is used to examine the impact of innovation network structure and government R&D investment on regional innovation efficiency. The results show that, at the provincial level, innovation efficiency of regional R&D is not necessarily in direct proportion to the innovation efficiency in the commercialization stage. Commercialization efficiency is not necessarily high in provinces with high technical R&D efficiency.

Detecting the exponential relaxation spectrum in glasses by high-precision nanocalorimetry.

Nonexponential relaxations are universal characteristics for glassy materials. There is a well-known hypothesis that nonexponential relaxation peaks are composed of a series of exponential events, which have not been verified. In this Letter, we discover the exponential relaxation events during the recovery process using a high-precision nanocalorimetry, which are universal for metallic glasses and organic glasses.

Comparison of demineralized bone matrix with different cycling crushing times in posterolateral fusion model of athymic rats.

Decalcified bone matrix (DBM) is a widely used alternative material for bone transplantation. In the DBM production process, an effective particle size and the highest utilization rate of raw materials can be achieved only through multiple high-speed circulating comminution. The rat posterolateral lumbar fusion model (PLF) is the most mature small animal model for the initial evaluation of the efficacy of graft materials for bone regeneration and spinal fusion.

Geographic Variations in the Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults in 2018-2019: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: To investigate the spatial patterns of the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of dyslipidemia at the provincial level in China.

Methods: A national and provincial representative cross-sectional survey was conducted among 178,558 Chinese adults in 31 provinces in mainland China in 2018-2019, using a multi-stage, stratified, cluster-randomized sampling design. Subjects, as households, were selected, followed by a home visit to collect information.

Uncovering the bridging role of slow atoms in unusual caged dynamics and β-relaxation of binary metallic glasses.

The origin of β-relaxation in metallic glasses is still not fully understood, and the guidance of slow atoms for caged dynamics and β-relaxation is rarely mentioned. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal the bridging role of slow atoms on unusual caged dynamics and β-relaxation. In the stage of unusual caged dynamics, slow atoms are bounded by neighboring atoms.

High-Conductivity Chalcogenide Glasses in Ag-GaTe-SnTe Systems and Their Suitability as Thermoelectric Materials.

A novel high-conductivity Ag[(GaTe)(SnTe)] tellurium-based glassy system was fabricated via melt spinning with the glass formation area in the range of = 0-15 mol %. A bulk Ag[(GaTe)(SnTe)] glass (A10) was obtained via spark plasma sintering at 450 K using a 5 min dwell time and 400 MPa pressure. The fabricated A10 glass exhibited higher room-temperature conductivity (σ = 46 S m), larger glass transition temperature ( = 482 K), and ultralower thermal conductivity (∼0.

New Interpretation of Glass Formation in Isomeric Substances: Shifting from Melting-Point to Melting-Entropy.

Revealing the critical thermodynamic parameters determining the glass formation of substances is of great significance for understanding the glass transition and guiding the composition design of glass-forming materials. Nevertheless, the direct access to glass-forming ability (GFA) by thermodynamics for various substances remains to be substantiated. The strategy to seek the fundamental properties of glass formation is explored several decades ago, as pioneered by Angell, arguing that the GFA in isomeric xylenes depends on the low lattice energy manifested by the low melting point.

Financial development, technological innovation and urban-rural income gap: Time series evidence from China.

The main purpose of the paper is to investigate the relationship between technological innovation and income inequality for China based on the financial Kuznets curve (FKC) hypothesis. The study uses time-series data from 1985 to 2019. We employ the Johansen cointegration, ARDL model and VECM Granger causality techniques to analyze the links between the variables.

Atomic Structural Origin of Fictive Temperature Revealed by AZnP O (A=K, Rb) Glasses.

The fictive temperature (T ) is widely applied to understand the relaxation thermodynamics of a glass; however, its atomic structural origin is still unclear. Here, we report two novel AZnP O glasses obtained by melting the composition identical single crystals. These glasses exhibit structural inheritance within 5 Å from the single crystal counterparts that is quantified by δ=n /n (0≤δ≤1, n is the number of pair correlation functions).