Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the right atrium invaded the superior vena cava: case report and review of literature.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare hemangioma that can occur anywhere in the body. It occurs most commonly in the liver and lungs, rarely from the heart, and the etiology or risk factors are unclear. So far, timely detection and radical resection is a more acceptable treatment.

Circulating Treg cells from patients with cerebral aneurysms displayed deficiency in ICOS expression and function.

Inducible costimulator (ICOS) is a member of the CD28 family. When activated, ICOS signalling promotes FOXP3 CNS2 gene demethylation and stabilizes Treg differentiation. Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is the local ballooning of the cerebral vasculature, characterized by higher levels of inflammation mediators and tissue remodelling.

Applying Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted Imaging (APTWI) to Distinguish Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas and Predominantly Solid Adenomatous Nodules: Comparison With Diffusion-Weighted Imaging.

Amide proton transfer-weighted (ATPw) imaging is a novel MRI technique that has been used to identify benign and malignant tumors. The present study evaluated the role of APTw imaging in differentiating papillary thyroid carcinoma from predominantly solid adenomatous nodule. This study included 24 cases of solitary papillary thyroid carcinoma, and 20 cases of solid adenomatous nodules.

Evaluating the cardiovascular safety of sclerostin inhibition using evidence from meta-analysis of clinical trials and human genetics.

Inhibition of sclerostin is a therapeutic approach to lowering fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis. However, data from phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of romosozumab, a first-in-class monoclonal antibody that inhibits sclerostin, suggest an imbalance of serious cardiovascular events, and regulatory agencies have issued marketing authorizations with warnings of cardiovascular disease. Here, we meta-analyze published and unpublished cardiovascular outcome trial data of romosozumab and investigate whether genetic variants that mimic therapeutic inhibition of sclerostin are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease.

UVB induces cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression by de novo ID4 methylation via methylation regulating enzymes.

Background: Little is known about whether UVB can directly influence epigenetic regulatory pathways to induce cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). This study aimed to identify epigenetic-regulated signalling pathways through global methylation and gene expression profiling and to elucidate their function in CSCC development.

Methods: Global DNA methylation profiling by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) and genome-wide gene expression analysis by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in eight pairs of matched CSCC and adjacent normal skin tissues were used to investigate the potential candidate gene(s).

Neural activity of functionally different retinal ganglion cells can be robustly modulated by high-rate electrical pulse trains.

Objective: This study focused on characterising the response of four major functionally-different retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to a high frequency stimulus (HFS) paradigm.

Approach: We used in vitro patch clamp experiments to assess the viability of evoking a differential response between different RGC types-OFF-Sustained, OFF-Transient, ON-Sustained and ON-Transient-under a wide range of HFS and stimulation amplitude combinations.

Main Results: Of the four types, we found that the OFF-Sustained, OFF-Transient and ON-Transient RGCs could be differentially activated at various frequency and amplitude combinations, in particular, OFF-Sustained cells can be differentially targeted between 20-100 µA at all frequencies, OFF-Transient cells between 150-240 µA at 1 kHz and ON-Transient between 180-240 µA and 4-6 kHz.

Quality of primary health care in China: challenges and recommendations.

China has substantially increased financial investment and introduced favourable policies for strengthening its primary health care system with core responsibilities in preventing and managing chronic diseases such as hypertension and emerging infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, widespread gaps in the quality of primary health care still exist. In this Review, we aim to identify the causes for this poor quality, and provide policy recommendations.

Identification of type 2 diabetes loci in 433,540 East Asian individuals.

Meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 240 loci that are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, most of these loci have been identified in analyses of individuals with European ancestry. Here, to examine T2D risk in East Asian individuals, we carried out a meta-analysis of GWAS data from 77,418 individuals with T2D and 356,122 healthy control individuals. In the main analysis, we identified 301 distinct association signals at 183 loci, and across T2D association models with and without consideration of body mass index and sex, we identified 61 loci that are newly implicated in predisposition to T2D.

Publisher Correction: Systemic inflammation is associated with incident stroke and heart disease in East Asians.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Implementation of Clinical Diagnostic Criteria and Universal Symptom Survey Contributed to Lower Magnitude and Faster Resolution of the COVID-19 Epidemic in Wuhan.

The majority of cases infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China centered in the city of Wuhan. Despite a rapid increase in the number of cases and deaths due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the epidemic was stemmed via a combination of epidemic mitigation and control measures. This study evaluates how the implementation of clinical diagnostics and universal symptom surveys contributed to epidemic control in Wuhan.

Solid fuel use for heating and risks of breast and cervical cancer mortality in China.

Background: Carcinogens released from indoor burning of solid fuels are believed to enter the bloodstream and to be metabolized in breast and cervical tissues. Little evidence exists about the relationship of solid fuel use from heating with breast and cervical cancer.

Objectives: To examine the association of solid heating fuel use with breast and cervical cancer mortality.

Transplantation of Human Mesenchymal Stem-Cell-Derived Exosomes Immobilized in an Adhesive Hydrogel for Effective Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury is among the most fatal diseases. The complicated inhibitory microenvironment requires comprehensive mitigation. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are natural biocarriers of cell paracrine secretions that bear the functions of microenvironment regulation.

The association of outdoor temperature with blood pressure, and its influence on future cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk in cold areas.

Objectives: To explore whether lower outdoor temperature increases cardio-cerebrovascular disease risk through regulating blood pressure and whether indoor heating in winter is beneficial to prevent cardio-cerebrovascular disease in cold areas.

Methods: We analyzed the data of 38 589 participants in Harbin from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) during 2004-2008, with an average of 7.14-year follow-up.

The Paradox Association between Smoking and Blood Pressure among Half Million Chinese People.

: The association between smoking and blood pressure (BP) has been explored extensively, yet the results remain inconclusive. Using real-world evidence of a large Chinese population, we examine the effect of smoking on BP levels. : We utilize half a million adults from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study with baseline sampling collected between 2004 and 2008.

Squalene epoxidase-induced cholesteryl ester accumulation promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma development by activating PI3K/AKT signaling.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant tumor and a major cause of mortality and morbidity in southern China. However, the mechanism is still elusive. Here, we focused on studying the role of squalene epoxidase (SQLE), a key enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis, in the progression of NPC.

Weight loss since early adulthood, later life risk of fracture hospitalizations, and bone mineral density: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.

Unlabelled: In a Chinese population from both urban and rural areas, weight loss of ≥ 5 kg from early adulthood to midlife was associated with a higher risk of hip fracture and lower BMD in later life.

Introduction: This study investigates the association of the long-term weight loss from young adulthood through the middle ages with the subsequent 10-year risk of hospitalized fracture and calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD).

Methods: China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) was established during 2004-2008 in ten areas across China.

Internal fat mediates the impact of age on diabetes onset in chinese people between 30 and 44 years old.

Aims: We sought to measure the effect of controlling body fat indexes on decreasing the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mathematically.

Methods: Study samples were selected from a well-established cohort in Suzhou, China between 2004 and 2008, comprising 6364 males and 9678 females. The questionnaire contained socio-demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, personal and family medical history and current medication.

Systemic inflammation is associated with incident stroke and heart disease in East Asians.

Systemic inflammation, reflected by increased plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen, is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease, but its relevance for stroke types remains unclear. Moreover, evidence is limited in non-European populations. We investigated associations of CRP and fibrinogen with risks of incident major coronary events (MCE), ischemic stroke (IS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in a cohort of Chinese adults.

Socioeconomic differences in health-care use and outcomes for stroke and ischaemic heart disease in China during 2009-16: a prospective cohort study of 0·5 million adults.

Background: China initiated major health-care reforms in 2009 aiming to provide universal health care for all by 2020. However, little is known about trends in health-care use and health outcomes across different socioeconomic groups in the past decade.

Methods: We used data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB), a nationwide prospective cohort study of adults aged 30-79 years in 2004-08, in ten regions (five urban, five rural) in China.

Mortality and recurrent vascular events after first incident stroke: a 9-year community-based study of 0·5 million Chinese adults.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite considerable improvements in diagnosis and treatment, little is known about the short-term and long-term prognosis after a first stroke in low-income and middle-income countries, including China. We aimed to assess the short-term and long-term risk of recurrent stroke and mortality after a first stroke for each of the major pathological stroke types.

A Three-Dimensional Microelectrode Array to Generate Virtual Electrodes for Epiretinal Prosthesis Based on a Modeling Study.

Despite many advances in the development of retinal prostheses, clinical reports show that current retinal prosthesis subjects can only perceive prosthetic vision with poor visual acuity. A possible approach for improving visual acuity is to produce virtual electrodes (VEs) through electric field modulation. Generating controllable and localized VEs is a crucial factor in effectively improving the perceptive resolution of the retinal prostheses.

Habitual snoring, adiposity measures and risk of type 2 diabetes in 0.5 million Chinese adults: a 10-year cohort.

Objectives: The present study aimed to examine whether habitual snoring was independently associated with risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults, and to assess the role that adiposity measures play in the snoring-diabetes association, as well as to evaluate the joint influence of snoring and adiposity measures on diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: The China Kadoorie Biobank study recruited 512 715 adults aged 30-79 years from 10 regions in China during 2004 and 2008. Data from 482 413 participants without baseline diabetes were analyzed in the present study.

Association between blood pressure levels and cardiovascular deaths: a 20-year follow-up study in rural China.

Objectives: The 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) hypertension guideline recommended 130/80 mm Hg as blood pressure (BP) target goals. However, the generalisability of this recommendation to populations at large with hypertension remains controversial. We assessed the association between BP and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) mortality using a 20-year follow-up study among Chinese populations.