Duplicated TLRs Possess Sub- and Neo-Functionalization to Broaden Their Ligand Recognition in Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus).

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the immune response to pathogen invasion. The TLR response patterns in teleost are significantly different from those in mammals. In this study, we systematically identified and characterized the TLR family of crucian carp (Carassius auratus).

Near-Field Electrochemistry Enables a Wearable Sensor-Embedded Smart Facemask for Personalized Respiratory Assessment.

Continuous monitoring of respiratory waveforms with daily wearable devices can provide valuable physiological data for health assessments. However, developing miniature sensors that feature both high portability and stability for real-time monitoring of respiratory waveforms remains a challenge. We recently developed a near-field electrochemical mechanism that could be used as an emerging sensing strategy for respiratory monitoring in anesthetic rats.

Identification of benign and malignant breast nodules on ultrasound: comparison of multiple deep learning models and model interpretation.

Background And Purpose: Deep learning (DL) algorithms generally require full supervision of annotating the region of interest (ROI), a process that is both labor-intensive and susceptible to bias. We aimed to develop a weakly supervised algorithm to differentiate between benign and malignant breast tumors in ultrasound images without image annotation.

Methods: We developed and validated the models using two publicly available datasets: breast ultrasound image (BUSI) and GDPH&SYSUCC breast ultrasound datasets.

Harnessing spinal circuit reorganization for targeted functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the communication between the brain and spinal cord, resulting in the loss of motor function below the injury site. However, spontaneous structural and functional plasticity occurs in neural circuits after SCI, with unaffected synaptic inputs forming new connections and detour pathways to support recovery. The review discusses various mechanisms of circuit reorganization post-SCI, including supraspinal pathways, spinal interneurons, and spinal central pattern generators.

Chronic fluoride induces neurotoxicity in zebrafish through the gut-brain axis.

Fluoride (F) is a common pollutant in aquatic environment. Chronic exposure to fluoride can cause toxicity to nervous system and behavior of fish. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear.

A Case of Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Eosinophilia Associated with PCM1-JAK2 Rearrangement.

Introduction: The PCM1-JAK2 rearrangement is generated through the t(8; 9)(p22; p24) translocation event. The myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia (MLN-eo) with PCM1-JAK2 rearrangement is the common types of MLN-eo with tyrosine kinase fusion genes (MLN-Eo-tk). MLN-Eo with PCM1-JAK2 rearrangement is a rare disease with a poor prognosis and no unified treatment guidelines.

Ultrasonic radiomics-based nomogram for preoperative prediction of residual tumor in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objectives: To identify radiomic features extracted from ultrasound images and to develop and externally validate a comprehensive model that combines clinical data with ultrasound radiomics features to predict the residual tumor status in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (OC).

Methods: The study included 112 patients with advanced epithelial OC who underwent preoperative transvaginal ultrasound. Of these, 78 patients were assigned to the development cohort and 34 to the external validation cohort.

Effects of psychological stress on inflammatory bowel disease via affecting the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic intestinal inflammatory condition with chronic and relapsing manifestations and is characterized by a disturbance in the interplay between the intestinal microbiota, the gut, and the brain. The microbiota-gut-brain axis involves interactions among the nervous system, the neuroendocrine system, the gut microbiota, and the host immune system. Increasing published data indicate that psychological stress exacerbates the severity of IBD due to its negative effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, including alterations in the stress response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the balance between the sympathetic nervous system and vagus nerves, the homeostasis of the intestinal flora and metabolites, and normal intestinal immunity and permeability.

Threonine and tyrosine kinase promotes multiple myeloma progression by regulating regucalcin expression.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative disorder of plasma cells and remains an incurable disease. Threonine and tyrosine kinase (TTK) is a dual-specific protein kinase that targets serine/threonine and tyrosine residues for phosphorylation. Its elevated expression has been linked to unfavorable outcomes in several types of cancer.

Early plasma exchange and continuous renal replacement therapy improve puerperal prognosis in hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure in pregnancy.

Background And Aim: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related gestational acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe condition with limited treatment options. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and ideal timing of plasma exchange and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in managing pregnant women with HBV-related ACLF.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 51 eligible patients with HBV-related gestational ACLF between 2009 and 2020.

Inhaled nitric oxide as a salvage therapy for refractory hypoxemia in the post-transplantation period of hepatopulmonary syndrome: An explorative report of three cases.

Liver transplantation (LT) is the only effective treatment for hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). Moreover, perioperative refractory hypoxemia (pRH) is a prevalent life-threatening condition and has extremely limited treatment options. Here, we report three patients with HPS who experienced pRH after LT and were consecutively treated with different salvage therapies, ephedrine inhalation, intravenous use of methylene blue with nitric oxide (NO) inhalation, and NO inhalation alone.

Effect of different incisions on dry eye symptoms after cataract surgery in diabetic patients.

Aim: Diabetic patients suffer from severe dry eye after cataract surgery, and the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 2.2 mm and 3.0 mm clear corneal incisions on dry eye after phacoemulsification in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Metformin for neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: a systematic review.

Background: The efficacy and safety of metformin for addressing neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia remain inconclusive. This systematic review evaluates the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of metformin on neurocognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: A comprehensive search of Chinese databases (WanFang, Chinese Journal Net) and English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library) was conducted to identify RCTs assessing metformin's impact on neurocognitive outcomes in schizophrenia.

Forsythia suspensa leaf fermented tea extracts attenuated oxidative stress in mice via the Ref-1/HIF-1α signal pathway and modulation of gut microbiota.

Forsythia suspensa leaf fermented tea (FSLFT) is made from tender buds of Forsythia suspensa collected in spring. The main active components of FSLFT include forsythiaside, forsythia ester glycoside, rutin, and forsythia flavonoids, which have antibacterial, antioxidant, liver-protective, and immune-regulatory effects. Oxidative stress can trigger excessive apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, leading to dysfunction of the small intestinal mucosa and impaired intestinal absorption.

Protozoa-enhanced conjugation frequency alters the dissemination of soil antibiotic resistance.

Protozoa, as primary predators of soil bacteria, represent an overlooked natural driver in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the effects of protozoan predation on ARGs dissemination at the community level, along with the underlying mechanisms, remain unclear. Here we used fluorescence-activated cell sorting, qPCR, combined with metagenomics and reverse transcription quantitative PCR, to unveil how protozoa (Colpoda steinii and Acanthamoeba castellanii) influence the plasmid-mediated transfer of ARGs to soil microbial communities.

Penfluridol targets septin7 to suppress endometrial cancer by septin7-Orai/IP3R-Ca-PIK3CA pathway.

Phenotypic screening of existing drugs is a good strategy to discover new drugs. Herein, 33 psychotherapeutic drugs in our drug library were screened by phenotypic screening and penfluridol (PFD) was found to exhibit excellent anti-endometrial cancer (EC) activity both and . Furthermore, the molecular target of PFD was identified as septin7, a tumor suppressor in EC.

Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) revealing repeat-mediated recombination and gene transfer.

Background: Red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is a renowned fruit plant with significant medicinal value. Its nuclear genome and chloroplast genome (plastome) have been reported, while there is a lack of genetic information on its mitogenome.

Quantitative DIA-based proteomics unveils ribosomal biogenesis pathways associated with increased final size in three-year-old Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis).

Background: Temperature is a key determinant of ectotherms distribution and growth. During the Eriocheir sinensis breeding process, it was observed that crabs in high latitudes and altitude areas with low temperatures undergo diapause, they would overwinter and continue to grow into three-year-old individuals, whose final body size is significantly larger than the normal two-year-old crabs. The hepatopancreas is responsible for maintaining the nutritional balance and energy required for the crab survival.

Potential drug targets for asthma identified through mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: The emergence of new molecular targeted drugs marks a breakthrough in asthma treatment, particularly for severe cases. Yet, options for moderate-to-severe asthma treatment remain limited, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic drug targets. In this study, we aimed to identify new treatment targets for asthma using the Mendelian randomization method and large-scale genome-wide association data (GWAS).

Differential Association of Salivary Proinflammatory Mediators with Type 2 Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: Salivary compounds can be used as diagnostic markers for changes in the oral cavity that cause oral problems in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This meta-analysis searched PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science until Nov 2023. The observational studies included patients with T2DM and healthy controls aged > 18 yr with no oral health problems or systematic or periodontal diseases.

VISTA in hematological malignancies: a review of the literature.

In recent years, tumor immunotherapy has become an active research area, with the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) revolutionizing immunotherapy. Clinical evidence indicates that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibodies and other drugs have remarkable therapeutic effects. V-domain Ig suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) is a new type of immune checkpoint receptor that is highly expressed in various tumors.

Electrochemical Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis: Multitarget Analysis to Present Molecular Characteristics of Tumor Heterogeneity.

Electrochemical biosensors are gaining attention as powerful tools in cancer diagnosis, particularly in liquid biopsy, due to their high efficiency, rapid response, exceptional sensitivity, and specificity. However, the complexity of intra- and intertumor heterogeneity, with variations in genetic and protein expression profiles and epigenetic modifications, makes electrochemical biosensors susceptible to false-positive or false-negative diagnostic outcomes. To address this challenge, there is growing interest in simultaneously analyzing multiple biomarkers to reveal molecular characteristics of tumor heterogeneity for precise cancer diagnosis.