Construction of organic heterojunctions as metal-free photocatalysts for enhancing water splitting and phenol degradation by regulating charge flow.

Metal-free photocatalysts derived from earth-abundant elements have drawn significant attention owing to their ample supply for potential large-scale applications. However, it is still challenging to achieve highly efficient photocatalytic performance owing to their sluggish charge separation and lack of active catalytic sites. Herein, we designed and constructed a series of covalently bonded organic semiconductors to enhance water splitting and phenol degradation.

Amplified electrochemiluminescence of Ru(dcbpy) via coreactant active sites on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots.

Searching for new alternative to tripropylamine (TPrA) with low toxicity and high chemical stability for the tris(4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II) (Ru(dcbpy)) based coreactant electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system is essential for widespread analytical applications. Here, nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) have been discovered to significantly amplify the ECL emission and increase the ECL efficiency of Ru(dcbpy) for the first time. However, the mechanism by which NGQDs act as coreactants is not well comprehended.

Enhancing CO Oversaturation in the Confined Water Enables Superior Gas Selectivity of 2D Membranes.

Due to the global demands on carbon neutralization, CO separation membranes, particularly those based on two-dimensional (2D) materials, have attracted increasing attention. However, recent works have focused on the chemical decoration of membranes to realize the selective transport, leading to the compromised stability in the presence of moisture. Herein, we develop a series of 2D capillaries based on layered double hydroxide (LDH), graphene oxide, and vermiculite to enhance the oversaturation of CO in the confined water for promoting the membrane permselectivity.

Accurate stacking engineering of MOF nanosheets as membranes for precise H sieving.

Two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheet membranes hold promise for exact molecular transfer due to their structural diversity and well-defined in-plane nanochannels. However, achieving precise regulation of stacking modes between neighboring nanosheets in membrane applications and understanding its influence on separation performance remains unrevealed and challenging. Here, we propose a strategy for accurately controlling the stacking modes of MOF nanosheets via linker polarity regulation.

TiCT MXene nanoribbons@MnO: A novel multifunctional probe for colorimetric and fluorescence dual-response sensing of trichlorfon.

Manganese dioxide nanosheets (MnO NSs) have garnered significant attention in analytical sensing, while the majority of the previous reports suffer from a complex preparation process involving reducing agents, template or high-temperature. In this work, a novel MnO NSs decorated TiCT MXene nanoribbons (TiCTNR@MnO) composite was firstly assemblied via a facile one-step strategy and applied as a bi-signal generator to enable colorimetric and fluorescence (FL) dual-response sensing. During the assembly process, TiCTNR innovatively acted as both reductant and carrier to prevent the aggregation of MnO NSs.

Receipt of Medications for Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders: The Importance of Service Utilization Patterns.

Medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUD) and opioid use disorder (MOUD) are underutilized evidence-based treatments. While patients often receive treatment in multiple medical treatment settings, it is unknown whether certain treatment settings or combinations of settings are associated with increased receipt of MAUD or MOUD. Data from the cross-sectional 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were used to identify treatment settings where adult respondents received any past year alcohol treatment (n = 476, 33% female) or, separately, opioid treatment (n = 337, 38% female).

Ethane Triggered Gate-Opening in a Flexible-Robust Metal-Organic Framework for Ultra-High Purity Ethylene Purification.

Priority recognition separation of inert and larger ethane molecules from high-concentration ethylene mixtures instead of the traditional thermodynamic or size sieving strategy is a fundamental challenge. Herein, we report ethane triggered gate-opening in the flexible-robust metal-organic framework Zn(ad)(min), the 3-methylisonicotinic acid ligand can spin as a flexible gate when adsorbing the cross-section well-matched ethane molecule, achieving an unprecedented ethane adsorption capacity (62.6 cm g) and ethane/ethylene uptake ratio (3.

Porous and Homogeneous Nanoheterojunction-Accumulating PdO@ZnO Structure for Exhaled Breath Ammonia Sensing.

The functional gas sensor device plays a pivotal role in intelligent medical treatment, among which metal oxide semiconductors are widely studied because of their inexpensiveness and ease of fabrication. However, the metal oxide sensors present a significant challenge in detecting NH at ppm levels within complex exhaled gases. Herein, the ZnO/PdO- series were prepared by in situ loading palladium particles and calcining using nano-ZIF-8 as a precursor, which not only provided more transport path for ammonia adsorption but also achieved homogeneous nanoheterojunction accumulation structure.

Simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins in agricultural products: Recent advances in optical and electrochemical sensing methods.

Mycotoxin contamination poses serious threats to human and animal health. Food and environmental systems are often simultaneously contaminated with multiple mycotoxins, a problem that is further exacerbated by the synergistic toxicological effects of these co-occurring mycotoxins. Consequently, the development of rapid detection methods capable of simultaneously identifying multiple mycotoxins in agricultural products is essential to prevent their entry into the food chain.

Is Childhood Adversity Before Age 5 Associated with Adolescent and Young Adult Substance Use? Findings from a U.S. Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Growing research suggests that adversity experienced early in life can affect young children's development, with implications for health-related outcomes years later. This study explored long-term associations between early life adversity before age 5 (ELA) and later substance use outcomes, and racial and ethnic differences in associations.

Method: Data are from children born 1984-2000 to female participants in the U.

Highly active TiCT MXene nanoribbons@AuPt bimetallic nanozyme constructed in a "two birds with one stone" manner for colorimetric sensing of dipterex.

The bimetallic nanoparticles have received significant attention in the field of colorimetric sensing, while the majority of the previous methods for synthesizing such nanoparticles typically require the use of reducers and involve highly harsh synthesis conditions. In this work, the AuPt bimetallic nanoparticles (AuPtNPs) decorated TiCTNR nanohybrid (TiCTNR@AuPt) was firstly synthesized in a "two birds with one stone" manner. Innovatively, during the synthesis process, TiCTNR served as both reducing agent and supporting agent to prevent aggregation of bimetallic nanoparticles.

A General Metal Ion Recognition Strategy to Mediate Dual-Atomic-Site Catalysts.

Heterogeneous dual-atomic-site catalysts (DACs) hold great potential for diverse applications. However, to date, the synthesis of DACs primarily relies on different atoms freely colliding on the support during synthesis, principally leading to low yields. Herein, we report a general metal ion recognition (MIR) strategy for constructing a series of DACs, including but not limited to FeSn, FeCo, FeNi, FeCu, FeMn, CoNi, CoCu, Co, and Cu.

Efficient Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in 2D Perovskite via Mixed Organic Cation Incorporation.

The achievement of RTP in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HIOPs) via molecular engineering remains relatively uncommon. Here, a series of novel 2D HIOPs composed of mixed organic cations such as naphthalene methylamine (NMA) and 2-(4-methylphenyl) ethanamine (4MPEA) are reported. Efficient RTP and tunable emissions ranging from green to yellow to orange, depending on the doping ratio, are activated in the organic cation-mixed 2D HIOPs system.

A Sweet Synthesis of MXenes.

Two-dimensional transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have shown great promise in various applications. However, mass production of MXenes suffers from the excessive use of toxic fluorine-containing reagents. Herein, a new method was validated for synthesizing MXenes from five MAX ceramics.

Analysis of seasonal H3N2 influenza virus epidemic characteristics and whole genome features in Jining City from 2018 to 2023.

Seasonal H3N2 influenza virus, known for its rapid evolution, poses a serious threat to human health. This study focuses on analyzing the influenza virus trends in Jining City (2018-2023) and understanding the evolving nature of H3N2 strains. Data on influenza-like cases were gathered from Jining City's sentinel hospitals: Jining First People's Hospital and Rencheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital, using the Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information System.

The Key to MOF Membrane Fabrication and Application: the Trade-off between Crystallization and Film Formation.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), owing the merits of ordered and tailored channel structures in the burgeoning crystalline porous materials, have demonstrated significant promise in construction of high-performance separation membranes. However, precisely because this crystal structure with strong molecular interaction in their lattice provides robust structural integrity and resistance to chemical and thermal degradation, crystalline MOFs typically exhibit insolubility, infusibility, stiffness and brittleness, and therefore their membrane-processing properties are far inferior to the flexible amorphous polymers and hinder their subsequent storage, transportation, and utilization. Hence, focusing on film-formation and crystallization is the foundation for exploring the fabrication and application of MOF membranes.

Cities' labor administrative penalties and labor income share of enterprises.

The labor administrative penalties of a city are enforced by the city's labor security administrative department for any breaches of labor security laws, regulations, or norms. The severity of labor administrative penalties differs across cities; thus, this study aims to determine how a city's penalties affect the labor income share of enterprises. We conduct a practical investigation to examine the influence of labor administrative penalties imposed by cities on the internal income distribution structure of firms.

Synergistic signal-amplification effect of silver nanowires and bifunctional monomers on molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for diuron analysis.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have been widely owing to their specificity, however, their singular structure imposes limitations on their performance. Current enhancement methods, such as doping with inorganic nanomaterials or introducing various functional monomers, are limited and single, indicating that MIP performances require further advancement. In this work, a dual-modification approach that integrates both conductive inorganic nanomaterials and diverse bifunctional monomers was proposed to develop a multifunctional MIP-based electrochemical (MMIP-EC) sensor for diuron (DU) detection.

Engineering "three-in-one" fluorescent nanozyme of Ce-Au NCs for on-site visual detection of Hg.

Hg contamination poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. Although gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) have been utilized as fluorescence probes or colorimetric nanozymes for performing Hg assays by using a single method, designing multifunctional nanoclusters as fluorescent nanozyme remains challenging. Herein, Ce-aggregated gold nanoclusters (Ce-Au NCs) were reported with "three in one" functions to generate strong fluorescence, excellent peroxidase-like activity, and the highly specific recognition of Hg via its metallophilic interaction.

When the Going Gets Tough: Multimorbidity and Heavy and Binge Drinking Among Adults.

Introduction: Multimorbidity, the presence of two or more long-term health conditions in the same individual, is an emerging epidemic associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Continued drinking concurrent with alcohol-related chronic conditions, particularly with multimorbidity, is likely to further elevate health risk. This study aimed to examine the associations of multimorbidity among diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and cancer with drinking, and moderation of these associations by age.

Protective effects of ethnic enclaves: Testing pathways to alcohol use and use disorders in Mexican American young adults.

Ethnic enclave residence is associated with decreased risk for drinking and related problems, but less is known about the mechanisms that explain this association. Informed by theories of social control, we used a multilevel framework to examine whether negative attitudes toward drinking mediated associations between ethnic enclave residence (i.e.

Drinking contexts, coping motive, simultaneous cannabis use, and high-intensity drinking among adults in the United States.

Aims: High-intensity drinking (HID), extreme drinking considerably above the level of heavy episodic drinking (HED), is associated with long-term health and social consequences. There is limited understanding of HID beyond young adulthood. This study aims to identify concurrent risk factors for HID, comparing age differences among all adults.

Distinct expression patterns of Hedgehog signaling components in mouse gustatory system during postnatal tongue development and adult homeostasis.

The Hedgehog (HH) pathway regulates embryonic development of anterior tongue taste fungiform papilla (FP) and the posterior circumvallate (CVP) and foliate (FOP) taste papillae. HH signaling also mediates taste organ maintenance and regeneration in adults. However, there are knowledge gaps in HH pathway component expression during postnatal taste organ differentiation and maturation.

Drinking patterns among US men and women: Racial and ethnic differences from adolescence to early midlife.

Background: Drinking patterns among young adult men and women in the United States have been understudied, especially among racial and ethnic groups such as Asian Americans and Hispanics. Because alcohol-related racial and ethnic health disparities persist or increase in midlife, identifying peak ages of hazardous drinking could help to reduce disparities.

Methods: We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to examine: (1) past 12-month heavy episodic drinking (HED) and total alcohol volume consumption among non-Hispanic White (NHW), Black, Hispanic, and Asian men and women from ages 12 through 41, and (2) age-varying associations of race and ethnicity with drinking.