Preexisting multimorbidity predicts greater mortality risks related to long-term PM exposure.

Long-term health risk assessments related to ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure have been more limited to general population but not towards individuals suffering from multimorbidity. While both multimorbidity and PM are independently linked to elevated mortality risk, their combined effects and interactions remain practically unexplored. A cross-cohort analysis was undertaken on data from 3 prospective cohorts, initially enrolling 869038 adults aged ≥18 years followed up during 2005-2022.

Social isolation and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia: A two years follow-up study.

Cognitive impairment is a core characteristic of schizophrenia. Social isolation has been linked to impaired cognitive function among the general population. In this longitudinal study, we examined the association between social isolation and cognitive function among inpatients with schizophrenia.

Longitudinal association of social isolation and loneliness with physical function among in-patients living with schizophrenia.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: People living with schizophrenia have reduced physical function and are more likely to experience loneliness than those without condition. Low physical function is associated with greater loneliness in people with psychosis. However, it is unclear whether social isolation and loneliness contribute to impaired physical function in this population.

Occupational physical activity, all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in 349,248 adults: Prospective and longitudinal analyses of the MJ Cohort.

Background: Evidence on the health benefits of occupational physical activity (OPA) is inconclusive. We examined the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality and survival times.

Methods: This study included prospective and longitudinal data from the MJ Cohort, comprising adults over 18 years recruited in 1998-2016, 349,248 adults (177,314 women) with baseline OPA, of whom 105,715 (52,503 women) had 2 OPA measures at 6.

Effect of a Single Light-intensity Walking Session on Sleep Quality of Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Randomized Cross-Over Study.

Objectives: Exercise has been recommended to enhance sleep. However, there is a paucity of studies investigating the relationships between exercise and sleep problems in patients with bladder cancer. The authors explored the effects of a single bout of light-intensity walking on the sleep quality of patients with bladder cancer who have sleep disorders.

Modification of incident cancer risk with changes in metabolic syndrome status: A prospective cohort study in Taiwan.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effect of altered metabolic syndrome (MetS) status on cancer risk.

Methods: From 2002 through 2008 of the Taiwan MJ cohort, there were 111,616 adults who had repeated MetS measurements performed 3.3 years apart and were followed up for cancer incidence over 11.

Continuous nerve block versus thoracic epidural analgesia for post-operative pain of pectus excavatum repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Surgery to repair pectus excavatum (PE) is often associated with severe postoperative pain, which can impact the length of hospital stay (LOS). While thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) has traditionally been used for pain management in PE, its placement can sometimes result in severe neurological complications. Recently, paravertebral block (PVB) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) have been recommended for many other chest and abdominal surgeries.

Association between vegetarian diet and gouty arthritis: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: A vegetarian diet is rich in vegetables, fruits, and soy products. Although vegetarian diet is beneficial for improving the health outcomes such as body mass index, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and mortality rate, the association between a vegetarian diet and gout incidence is not well known.

Methods And Results: We linked the MJ Health Survey Data and MJ Biodata 2000 with the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and the National Registration of Death (2000-2018).

The effect of physical activity on sleep disturbance in various populations: a scoping review of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Promoting physical activity (PA) in different populations experiencing sleep disturbance may increase population PA levels and improve sleep. This scoping review aimed to examine the effect of various PA intervention strategies on sleep across different populations, identify key sleep outcomes, and analyze knowledge gaps by mapping the relevant literature.

Methods: For this study, we systematically searched articles published till March 2022 from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of physical activity on sleep.

Are associations of leisure-time physical activity with mortality attenuated by high levels of chronic ambient fine particulate matter (PM) in older adults? A prospective cohort study.

Background And Purpose: Although leisure-time physical activity (PA) has established health benefits in older adults, it is equivocal if exercising in environments with high levels of PM concentrations is equally beneficial for them. To explore the independent and joint associations of ambient PM and PA with all-cause mortality among adults aged 60 or older and to assess the modifying effect of age (60-74 years vs. 75+ years) on the joint associations.

Modification of the all-cause and cardiovascular disease related mortality risk with changes in the metabolic syndrome status: a population-based prospective cohort study in Taiwan.

Aim: To examine whether changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) status over time are associated with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease related (CVD) mortality.

Methods: This prospective cohort study consisted of 544,749 individuals who participated in a self-funded comprehensive health surveillance program offered by Taiwan MJ Health Management Institution between 1998 and 2016. We included 236,216 adults who had at least two repeated MetS measures 5.

Changes in physical activity and adiposity with all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality.

Background: The relationship between joint changes in physical activity and adiposity with mortality is not well understood. We examined the association of changes in these two established risk factors with all-cause (ACM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality.

Methods: We used longitudinal data from Taiwan's MJ Cohort, comprising 116,228 general population adults recruited from 1998-2013 with repeated measures 4.

Leisure-time physical activity and mortality risk in type 2 diabetes: A nationwide cohort study.

Aim: Physical activity improves insulin resistance, inhibits inflammation, and decreases the incidence of cardiovascular disease. These are major causes of death in patients with diabetes.

Methods: The Taiwan National Health Interview Survey collected baseline characteristics of socioeconomic level, education, marriage, and health behaviour, including leisure time physical activity in 2001, 2005, 2009, and 2013.

Associations between daily steps and cognitive function among inpatients with schizophrenia.

Background: Walking is the fundamental component of taking steps and is the main form of physical activity among individuals with schizophrenia; it also offers a range of health benefits. This study aimed to examine the associations between daily steps and cognitive function and further explored how many steps were related to better cognitive function among inpatients with schizophrenia.

Methods: Inpatients with schizophrenia were recruited from long-stay psychiatric wards across two hospitals (n=199 at site 1 and n=195 at site 2).

Hospice Care Services Associated With a Lower Utilization of Life-Sustaining Treatments During End-Of-Life Care Among People Living With HIV/AIDS: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

Hospice care involves improving quality of end-of-life (EOL) care and respecting patients' preferences regarding EOL treatment. However, the impact of hospice care services on the utilization of life-sustaining treatments during EOL care in patients with life-limiting diseases has not been extensively studied. This nationwide cohort study aimed to determine the impact of hospice care services on the utilization of life-sustaining treatments during the last 3 months of life among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Taiwan.

Association between uric acid level and incidence of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A 4.5-year cohort study.

Using animal models and molecular biology researches, hyperuricemia has been shown to instruct renal arteriolopathy, arterial hypertension, and microvascular injury involving the renin-angiotensin system and resulting in renal function impairment. Nevertheless, the association between uric acid levels and the development of albuminuria has been under-investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with type 2 diabetes and regular outpatient visits were recruited from the Puli Branch of the Taichung Veterans General Hospital in Taiwan since January 2014.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of outdoor walking with overall mental health in later life.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of three walking parameters (frequency, duration, and intensity) with overall mental health in older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2014 with 1255 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older in Taipei, Taiwan. Among them, 408 participants completed the one-year follow-up survey in 2015.

Can physical activity eliminate the mortality risk associated with poor sleep? A 15-year follow-up of 341,248 MJ Cohort participants.

Background: This study examined the joint associations of sleep patterns and physical activity (PA) with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality.

Methods: A total of 341,248 adults (mean age = 39.7 years; men: 48.

Nicotine supplementation enhances simulated game performance of archery athletes.

Background: Nicotine is beneficial to mood, arousal and cognition in humans. Due to the importance of cognitive functioning for archery athletes, we investigated the effects of nicotine supplementation on the cognitive abilities, heart rate variability (HRV), and sport performance of professional archers.

Methods: Eleven college archers were recruited and given 2 mg of nicotine supplementation (NIC group) and placebo (PLA group) in a crossover design.

Association of body mass index with all-cause mortality in the elderly population of Taiwan: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: The nutritional status of the elderly is different from that of young people. Body composition changes as people age, for example, fat mass increases, muscle mass decreases, and body fat distribution is changed. We aimed to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI) with cause-specific mortality in the elderly population.

A dose response relationship between accelerometer assessed daily steps and depressive symptoms in older adults: a two-year cohort study.

Objectives: this study investigated the prospective associations of accelerometer assessed daily steps with subsequent depressive symptoms in older adults.

Methods: a 2-year prospective study was performed in the community. A total of 285 older adults ≥65 years (mean age = 74.

Accelerometer-measured daily steps and subjective cognitive ability in older adults: A two-year follow-up study.

There is still a paucity of longitudinal studies examining the relationships between objectively-assessed daily steps and cognitive performance in older adults. The current study aimed to explore whether there is a dose-response relationship between accelerometer-measured daily steps and subjective cognitive decline rate after 2 years in older adults. A total of 285 community-dwelling older adults (age = 74.

Association of exercise with all-cause mortality in older Taipei residents.

Background: Human life expectancy has increased rapidly in recent decades. Regular exercise can promote health, but the effect of exercise on mortality is not yet well understood.

Objective: To investigate the association of exercise with mortality in the older people.