Expert consensus on pulpotomy in the management of mature permanent teeth with pulpitis.

Pulpotomy, which belongs to vital pulp therapy, has become a strategy for managing pulpitis in recent decades. This minimally invasive treatment reflects the recognition of preserving healthy dental pulp and optimizing long-term patient-centered outcomes. Pulpotomy is categorized into partial pulpotomy (PP), the removal of a partial segment of the coronal pulp tissue, and full pulpotomy (FP), the removal of whole coronal pulp, which is followed by applying the biomaterials onto the remaining pulp tissue and ultimately restoring the tooth.

Expert consensus on apical microsurgery.

Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive, produces few complications, and has a success rate of more than 90%. However, due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general practitioners and even endodontists, many clinical problems remain to be overcome. The consensus has gathered well-known domestic experts to hold a series of special discussions and reached the consensus.

Trojan Horse Bioheterojunction Empowers Adhesive Hydrogel with Robust Antibacterial Activity and Sensing Capacity for Infected Cutaneous Regeneration.

Strategic integration of adhesive hydrogels with phototherapy-based antibacterial properties has been extensively leveraged in infected tissue repair. Nevertheless, the interference of bacterial heat shock proteins and antioxidant defense systems attenuates the bactericidal potency of phototherapy. To address this imposing predicament, a Trojan horse bioheterojunction (Th-bioHJ) incorporating liquid metal and copper sulfide is devised to confer an adhesive hydrogel with multimodal and comprehensive antibacterial properties for remedying infectious wounds.

Engineering Coatings Inspired by Cell Membrane Thermal Dynamics to Enhance Photothermal Therapy and Osteogenesis for Implant Infections.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) encounters challenges of rapid thermal loss and potential tissue damage. In response, we propose a Heat-Boost and Lock implant coating strategy inspired by the thermal adaptation of biological membranes, enabling precise local photothermal utilization. This coating incorporates a poly(tannic acid) (pTA) bridging layer on implants, facilitating stable layer-by-layer integration of a black phosphorus (BP) photothermal layer and a top cell membrane Heat-Boost and Lock layer.

Hagfish-inspired hydrogel for root caries: A multifunctional approach including immediate protection, antimicrobial phototherapy, and remineralization.

Root caries is the main cause of oral pain and tooth loss in the elderly. Protecting root lesions from environmental disturbances, resisting pathogens, and facilitating remineralization over time are essential for addressing root caries, but are challenging due to the irregular root surface and the complex oral environment. Hagfish secretes slime when facing danger, which converts into gels upon contact with seawater, suffocating the predators.

Exploring Naturally Tailored Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles for Selective Bacteriostatic Implant Coatings.

In treating infectious diseases, achieving selective bacterial inhibition is crucial for preserving the microecological equilibrium. The current approaches predominantly rely on synthetic materials tailored to specific bacteria, considering their cell walls or oxygen requirements. Herein, inspired by intricate bacterial communication, a natural implant is proposed coating utilizing bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), essential components in bacterial signaling, integrated onto diverse implant surfaces through a universal poly (tannic acid) bridging layer.

Thermal control of photothermal implants inspired by polar bear skin for the treatment of infected bone defects.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) encounters challenges in addressing deep tissue infections, characterized by limited penetration or potential hyperthermal damage to surrounding tissues, initiating undesirable inflammatory cascades. Inspired by polar bear thermal regulation, we present a "bio-based endogenic thermal-adaptive booster" implant coating. This coating integrates a photothermal poly(tannic acid) (pTA) layer, mimicking the "polar bear dark skin", securely linked with anti-inflammatory dexamethasone (Dex), resembling the "secretion", and a red blood cell membrane (RBCM) layer, forming the insulating "transparent fur".

Expert consensus on endodontic therapy for patients with systemic conditions.

The overall health condition of patients significantly affects the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of endodontic diseases. A systemic consideration of the patient's overall health along with oral conditions holds the utmost importance in determining the necessity and feasibility of endodontic therapy, as well as selecting appropriate therapeutic approaches. This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by specialists from endodontics and clinical physicians across the nation based on the current clinical evidence, aiming to provide general guidance on clinical procedures, improve patient safety and enhance clinical outcomes of endodontic therapy in patients with compromised overall health.

Seeking Cells, Targeting Bacteria: A Cascade-Targeting Bacteria-Responsive Nanosystem for Combating Intracellular Bacterial Infections.

Intracellular bacteria pose a great challenge to antimicrobial therapy due to various physiological barriers at both cellular and bacterial levels, which impede drug penetration and intracellular targeting, thereby fostering antibiotic resistance and yielding suboptimal treatment outcomes. Herein, a cascade-target bacterial-responsive drug delivery nanosystem, MM@SPE NPs, comprising a macrophage membrane (MM) shell and a core of SPE NPs. SPE NPs consist of phenylboronic acid-grafted dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (SP NPs) encapsulated with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a non-antibiotic antibacterial component, via pH-sensitive boronic ester bonds are introduced.

Expert consensus on difficulty assessment of endodontic therapy.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease. Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha. However, it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy (RCT).

A macrophage cell membrane-coated cascade-targeting photothermal nanosystem for combating intracellular bacterial infections.

Current antibacterial interventions encounter formidable challenges when confronting intracellular bacteria, attributable to their clustering within phagocytes, particularly macrophages, evading host immunity and resisting antibiotics. Herein, we have developed an intelligent cell membrane-based nanosystem, denoted as MM@DAu NPs, which seamlessly integrates cascade-targeting capabilities with controllable antibacterial functions for the precise elimination of intracellular bacteria. MM@DAu NPs feature a core comprising D-alanine-functionalized gold nanoparticles (DAu NPs) enveloped by a macrophage cell membrane (MM) coating.

Reinforced dentin remineralization via a novel dual-affinity peptide.

Objectives: In light of the constantly flowing saliva, anti-caries remineralization agents are inclined to be taken away. Owing to their limited residence time, the remineralization effect is not as desirable as expected. Hence, our study aimed to synthesize a novel peptide (DGP) with high affinity to both collagen fibrils and hydroxyapatite, and investigated its dentin remineralization efficacy in vitro and anti-caries capability in vivo.

Experts consensus on the procedure of dental operative microscope in endodontics and operative dentistry.

The dental operative microscope has been widely employed in the field of dentistry, particularly in endodontics and operative dentistry, resulting in significant advancements in the effectiveness of root canal therapy, endodontic surgery, and dental restoration. However, the improper use of this microscope continues to be common in clinical settings, primarily due to operators' insufficient understanding and proficiency in both the features and established operating procedures of this equipment. In October 2019, Professor Jingping Liang, Vice Chairman of the Society of Cariology and Endodontology, Chinese Stomatological Association, organized a consensus meeting with Chinese experts in endodontics and operative dentistry.

Metronidazole and Ketoprofen-Loaded Mesoporous Magnesium Carbonate for Rapid Treatment of Acute Periodontitis .

In the clinical pharmacological treatment of acute periodontitis, local periodontal administration is expected to be preferable to systemic administration. However, the action of the active medicine component is hindered and diminished by the limitation of drug solubility, which does not provide timely relief of the enormous pain being suffered by patients. This study aimed to develop a mesoporous magnesium carbonate (MMC) medicine loading system consisting of MMC, metronidazole (MET), and ketoprofen (KET), which was noted as MET-KET@MMC.

Engineered Bio-Heterojunction with Infection-Primed H S Liberation for Boosted Angiogenesis and Infectious Cutaneous Regeneration.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) acts as a powerful weapon against infectious diseases for its enormous antimicrobial activity that quickly elicits storms of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nevertheless, redundant ROS during treatment inevitably bring detriments in revascularization. To address this dilemma, an innovative P-N bio-heterojunction (bio-HJ) material consisting of p-type copper sulfide (p-CuS), n-type bismuth sulfide (n-Bi S ), and lactate oxidase (LOx) for effective treatment of recalcitrant infectious wounds by promoting angiogenesis is devised.

An engineered dual-functional peptide with high affinity to demineralized dentin enhanced remineralization efficacy and .

Dental caries continues to be a major global public health problem. Remineralization of demineralized dentin is regarded as one of the hotspots in the current study in the treatment of dental caries. However, traditional remineralization agents, which usually lack the ability to bind to demineralized dentin collagen, are easily removed by the fluids in the oral cavity, thus decreasing the remineralization efficacy.

The material-microorganism interface in microbial hybrid electrocatalysis systems.

This review presents a comprehensive summary of the material-microorganism interface in microbial hybrid electrocatalysis systems. Microbial hybrid electrocatalysis has been developed to combine the advantages of inorganic electrocatalysis and microbial catalysis. However, electron transfer at the interfaces between microorganisms and materials is a very critical issue that affects the efficiency of the system.

[Repair of mandibular defects with hydrogel loaded with nano-hydroxyapatite in rats].

Purpose: To observe the effect of gellan gum loaded with nano-hydroxyapatite (GG/nHA) on repairing mandibular defect in rats.

Methods: Critical bone defects with 5 mm in diameter on the mandible of 16 SD rats were created and randomly divided into two groups. The bone defects in the experimental group were injected with GG/nHA and the control group were filled with absorbable gelatin sponge.

Pharmaceutical care of rituximab in the treatment of children with refractory anti-NMDAR encephalitis: A case report.

Rationale: Anti- N -methyl- d -aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a rare disease of nervous system, which is mediated by autoimmune mechanisms. The treatment of anti-NMDAR encephalitis includes Immunotherapy, symptomatic and supportive treatment for seizures and psychiatric symptoms. There are many kinds of drugs, so drug treatment management and pharmaceutical care for children are particularly important.