Glycyrrhizic acid-based multifunctional nanoplatform for tumor microenvironment regulation.

Natural compounds demonstrate unique therapeutic advantages for cancer treatment, primarily through direct tumor suppression or interference with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Glycyrrhizic acid (GL), a bioactive ingredient derived from the medicinal herb Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., and its sapogenin glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), have been recognized for their ability to inhibit angiogenesis and remodel the TME.

Effective Bone Tissue Fabrication Using 3D-Printed Citrate-Based Nanocomposite Scaffolds Laden with BMP9-Stimulated Human Urine Stem Cells.

Effective repair of large bone defects through bone tissue engineering (BTE) remains an unmet clinical challenge. Successful BTE requires optimal and synergistic interactions among biocompatible scaffolds, osteogenic factors, and osteoprogenitors to form a highly vascularized microenvironment for bone regeneration and osseointegration. We sought to develop a highly effective BTE system by using 3D printed citrate-based mPOC/hydroxyapatite (HA) composites laden with BMP9-stimulated human urine stem cells (USCs).

A 17.73% Solar-to-hydrogen Efficiency with Durably Active Catalyst in Stable Photovoltaic-electrolysis Seawater System.

Developing durably active catalysts to tackle harsh voltage polarization and seawater corrosion is pivotal for efficient solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion, yet remains a challenge. We report a durably active catalyst of NiCr-layered double hydroxide (RuldsNiCr-LDH) with highly exposed Ni-O-Ru units, in which low-loading Ru (0.32 wt%) is locked precisely at defect lattice site (Rulds) by Ni and Cr.

Single-cell profiling of the amphioxus digestive tract reveals conservation of endocrine cells in chordates.

Despite their pivotal role, the evolutionary origins of vertebrate digestive systems remain enigmatic. We explored the cellular characteristics of the amphioxus () digestive tract, a model for the presumed primitive chordate digestive system, using bulk tissue companioned with single-cell RNA sequencing. Our findings reveal segmentation and a rich diversity of cell clusters, and we highlight the presence of epithelial-like, ciliated cells in the amphioxus midgut and describe three types of endocrine-like cells that secrete insulin-like, glucagon-like, and somatostatin-like peptides.

Disentangling the topological symptom structure of schizophrenia: A network analysis.

Background And Hypothesis: The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), comprehensively assesses schizophrenia severity. While network analyses of schizophrenic symptoms have yielded inconsistent results, components of disorganized thought consistently rank high in centrality. The present study aims to explore the centrality of disorganized thought across patient subgroups and its potential as a treatment target.

Investigation of Gray Matter Changes Using Voxel-Based Morphometry in HIV-Negative Patients with General Paresis of the Insane.

Purpose: To investigate whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV) changes in human immunodeficiency (HIV)-negative patients with general paresis of the insane (GPI) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM).

Patients And Methods: A total of 18 HIV-negative individuals with GPI and 24 healthy control volunteers matched for sex, age, and education were enrolled in this study. 3 D T1-weighted imaging (3D T1WI) structural images of GPI patients and healthy controls were preprocessed using VBM.

An integrated "Engage & Evasion" approach for mononuclear phagocyte system escape and efficient extracellular vesicle therapy.

Ischemic diseases are major contributors to global morbidity and mortality, posing a substantial threat to human health. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an essential role in enhancing neovascularization in ischemic tissues, thereby facilitating tissue repair and regeneration. However, the utilization of EVs is hindered by their rapid uptake and clearance by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which markedly impedes their therapeutic efficacy and organ-specific accumulation.

Collective total synthesis of chartreusin derivatives and bioactivity investigations.

Capitalizing on Hauser annulation and Yu glycosylation, the chemical synthesis of chartreusin-type aromatic polycyclic polyketide glycosides has been investigated, culminating in the successful establishment of chemical approaches toward chartreusin derivatives with intricate chemical structures but promising bioactivities. Based on the chemical synthesis strategy, the first and collective chemical syntheses of chartreusin, D329C, and elsamicins A and B have been accomplished. The chemical strategy was featured by two complementary routes to secure chartarin 10--monosaccharide glycosides, the key intermediates in chartreusin derivative synthesis, as well as the highly stereoselective construction of the difficult glycosidic linkages.

Cryoablation versus microwave ablation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cryoablation (CRA) versus microwave ablation (MWA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wan Fang and VIP databases were searched to obtain all related studies on CRA and MWA from the inception dates to July 2022. The Meta-analysis was performed by the RevMan5.

Role of 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptors in aerobic exercise-induced improvement of memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity.

Aerobic exercise facilitates synaptic plasticity, thereby improving cognitive functions such as learning and memory. The 5-hydroxytryptamine system has been indicated in these processes. 5-Hydroxytryptamine type 3 receptors are necessary for exercise-induced hippocampal neurogenesis.

Integrative multi-omics reveals the mechanism of ulcerative colitis treated with Ma-Mu-Ran antidiarrheal capsules.

Rationale: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal disease typically coexisting with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, oxidative stress, and an inflammatory response. Although its underlying mechanism of action is unclear, Ma-Mu-Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules (MMRAC) have demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy for UC.

Methods: The mechanism of action of MMRAC in the treatment of UC model was investigated by combining metabolomics, transcriptomics, and intestinal microbiota detection techniques.

Cortical Activation during Dorsi-Plantarflexion Tasks and its Association with Sensorimotor Function in Ankle Instability.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate differences in cortical activation between individuals with and without chronic ankle instability (CAI) during a dorsi-plantarflexion task and further explore its association with sensorimotor function.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 62 participants were recruited, including 31 adults with CAI and 31 healthy adults. Sensorimotor functions, including joint position sense and force sense, were tested using absolute error associated with joint position reproduction and force reproduction tasks.

A new molecularly imprinted nanocatalytic probe for RRS determination of trace enrofloxacin based on covalent organic framework polymer.

A new nanopalladium surface molecularly imprinted covalent organic framework (MICOF) catalytic probe (Pd@TpPa) for enrofloxacin (ENR) was synthesized by molecular imprinting technology, using 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and p-phenylenediamine (Pa) as monomers, ENR as the template molecule, and palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) as the core of nanocatalytic probe. This nanoprobe not only specifically recognizes ENR but also catalyzes the cupric tartrate-glucose (GL) indicator reaction. The amino groups in TpPa replace the tartrate ions, forming a new complex with Cu.

Evaluation of Situs Inversus Combined With Plastic Surgery-Related Malformations in a Chinese Clinic Population.

Background: Situs inversus is a congenital malformation that occurs in one or multiple organs simultaneously and can be accompanied by malformations in other body parts. We analyzed the prevalence and phenotype of patients with situs inversus and comorbidities associated with other plastic surgery-related malformations to enhance the knowledge of its related disorders and facilitate treatment.

Methods: We recruited patients with situs inversus who were seen at our institution from February 2015 to July 2023.

What specific exercise training is most effective exercise training method for patients on maintenance hemodialysis with sarcopenia: a network meta-analysis.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the influence of different exercise methods on sarcopenia patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) by conducting a network meta-analysis.

Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases were searched online for relevant articles published until May 2024. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 10 articles that compared the effects of 7 exercise interventions on sarcopenia patients receiving MHD.

Associations between neighborhood built-environment characteristics and hepatic steatosis: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Objective: To characterize the spatio-temporal association between features of the built environment and subclinical liver disease.

Design: We used data from a large community-based population, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (2000-2002, N = 5542) with linked historical residential data that characterized past exposure to alcohol outlets (bars and liquor stores), healthy foods stores, and physical activity facilities (1990-2001). We examined whether and how past residential relate to hepatic steatosis (proxied by liver attenuation measured using computed tomography, with lower attenuation indicating higher hepatic steatosis).

Cell elasticity measurement and sorting based on microfluidic techniques: Advances and applications.

Cell elasticity serves as a crucial physical biomarker that reflects changes in cellular structures and physiological states, providing key insights into cell behaviors. It links mechanical properties to biological function, highlighting its importance for understanding cell health and advancing biomedical research. Microfluidic technologies, with their capabilities for precise manipulation and high-throughput analysis, have significantly advanced the measurement of cell elasticity and elasticity-based cell sorting.

Does two-way FDI promote technological innovation? - Evidence from China.

Two-way FDI indicates that China's technological catch-up process has entered a new stage. Mechanisms and conditions through which two-way FDI affects technological innovation require urgent attention. Based on China's provincial panel data, by using 2SLS tests, negative binomial model, and GMM estimation, this study finds that two-way FDI has a significant promoting effect on technological innovation, absorptive capacity has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between two-way FDI and technological innovation, and IPR protection has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between two-way FDI and technological innovation.

GPR37 and its neuroprotective mechanisms: bridging osteocalcin signaling and brain function.

Osteocalcin (OCN) is a hormone secreted by osteoblasts and has attracted widespread attention for its role in regulating brain function. Clinical studies indicate a positive correlation between levels of circulating OCN and cognitive performance. Indeed, lower circulating OCN has been detected in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), while OCN supplementation under certain conditions may improve cognitive function.

Two-step computational redesign of Bacillus subtilis cellulase and β-glucanase for enhanced thermostability and activity.

The growing demand for biocatalysts in biomass processing highlights the necessity of enhancing the thermostability of glycoside hydrolases. However, improving both thermostability and activity is often hindered by trade-offs between backbone rigidity and the flexibility of substrate-binding regions. In this study, Bacillus subtilis cellulase and β-glucanase were engineered using a two-step process incorporating the computational tools Pythia and ESM-2, which were found complementary in improving stability and activity.

Exploring the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in treating ischemic stroke injury via the circDnajc1/miR-27a-5p/C1qc signaling axis.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is the most prevalent type of cerebrovascular disease. Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective benefits during Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (CIRI). Whether THSWD mitigates CIRI by modulating the circDnajc1/miR-27a-5p/C1qc signaling axis is not known.

Trajectories of postoperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma outcomes.

Background: Preoperative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level has been shown to correlate with the prognosis of patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following liver resection, but its dynamic changes have not been reported. The aim of this longitudinal multicenter retrospective observational study was to describe the trajectory of HBV DNA after R0 liver resection in patients receiving antiviral therapy and to investigate its impact on clinical outcomes.

Methods: This study included patients with HBV-related HCC from nine hospitals in China who received antiviral therapy and R0 hepatectomy between 2015 and 2016.