Computational Study of Organotin Oxide Systems for Extreme Ultraviolet Photoresist.

With the advancement of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography technology, the demand for high-performance EUV photoresists has surged. Traditional photoresists struggle to meet the stringent requirements for increasingly smaller feature sizes in semiconductor manufacturing. Among emerging candidates, tin-based materials, particularly Sn-oxo photoresists, have shown promise due to their superior EUV light absorption properties.

Wu-Mei-Wan enhances brown adipose tissue function and white adipose browning in obese mice via upregulation of HSF1.

Background: This research aims to explore the anti-obesity potential of Wu-Mei-Wan (WMW), particularly its effects on adipose tissue regulation in obese mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). The study focuses on understanding the role of heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) in mediating these effects.

Methods: HFD-induced obese mice were treated with WMW.

Dietary Supplementation with Nervonic Acid Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Modulating of Gut Microbiota Composition-Fecal Metabolites Interaction.

Scope: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury stands as a prominent global contributor to disability and mortality. Nervonic acid (NA), a bioactive elongated monounsaturated fatty acid, holds pivotal significance in human physiological well-being. This research aims to explore the prophylactic effects and fundamental mechanisms of NA in a rat model of cerebral IR injury.

The violent collapse of vapor bubbles in cryogenic liquids.

Vapor bubbles in cryogenic fluids may collapse violently under subcooled and pressurized conditions. Despite important implications for engineering applications such as cavitation erosion in liquid propellant rocket engines, these intense phenomena are still largely unexplored. In this paper, we systematically investigate the ambient conditions leading to the occurrence of violent collapses in liquid nitrogen and analyze their thermodynamic characteristics.

Experimental study on the freezing process of water droplets for ice air jet technology.

Ice air jet technology is one non-destructive, residue-free and environmentally friendly machining process. It is an efficient method to form ice particles by atomizing water droplets in ultra-low temperature environment. The freezing characteristics of water droplets in cryogenic gas and liquid nitrogen environment are visually analyzed, and the effects of droplet volume, ambient temperature are also studied.

6-Gingerol regulates triglyceride and cholesterol biosynthesis to improve hepatic steatosis in MAFLD by activating the AMPK-SREBPs signaling pathway.

Excessive synthesis of triglycerides and cholesterol accelerates the progression of hepatic steatosis in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, the precise mechanism by which 6-gingerol mitigates hepatic steatosis in MAFLD model mice has yet to be fully understood. The present study observed that 6-gingerol administration exhibited significant protective effects against obesity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in mice subjected to a high-fat diet (HFD), and mitigated lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells treated with palmitate (PA).

An Image Detection Model for Aggressive Behavior of Group Sheep.

Sheep aggression detection is crucial for maintaining the welfare of a large-scale sheep breeding environment. Currently, animal aggression is predominantly detected using image and video detection methods. However, there is a lack of lightweight network models available for detecting aggressive behavior among groups of sheep.

Spatio-Temporal-Based Identification of Aggressive Behavior in Group Sheep.

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and subjectivity of manual observation in the process of group-sheep-aggression detection, we propose a video streaming-based model for detecting aggressive behavior in group sheep. In the experiment, we collected videos of the sheep's daily routine and videos of the aggressive behavior of sheep in the sheep pen. Using the open-source software LabelImg, we labeled the data with bounding boxes.

A Method to Predict CO Mass Concentration in Sheep Barns Based on the RF-PSO-LSTM Model.

In large-scale meat sheep farming, high CO concentrations in sheep sheds can lead to stress and harm the healthy growth of meat sheep, so a timely and accurate understanding of the trend of CO concentration and early regulation are essential to ensure the environmental safety of sheep sheds and the welfare of meat sheep. In order to accurately understand and regulate CO concentrations in sheep barns, we propose a prediction method based on the RF-PSO-LSTM model. The approach we propose has four main parts.

Co-regulatory effects of hormone and mRNA-miRNA module on flower bud formation of .

Few flower buds in a high-yield year are the main factors restricting the yield of in the next year. However, there are no relevant reports on the regulation mechanism of flower bud formation. In this study, hormones, mRNAs, and miRNAs were tested during flower bud formation in MY3 ("Min Yu 3," with stable yield in different years) and QY2 ("Qian Yu 2," with less flower bud formation in a high-yield year) cultivars.

Identification of WRKY transcription factor genes and functional characterization of CoWRKY78.

Abel is a highly valued woody edible oil tree, which is endemic to China. It has great economic value because seed oil contains a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. anthracnose caused by , poses a serious threat to growth and yield and causes the benefit of the industry to suffer directly.

Yellowhorn Xso-miR5149-XsGTL1 enhances water-use efficiency and drought tolerance by regulating leaf morphology and stomatal density.

Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium) is a unique edible woody oil tree species in China. Drought stress is the major yield-limiting factor of yellowhorn. MicroRNAs play an important role in regulating the response of woody plants to drought stress.

Structure bionic topology design method based on biological unit cell.

The mechanical structure topology design based on substructure always adopts the traditional substructure design method, which often comes from the experience and is limited by the inherent or stereotyped design thinking. A substructure design method based on biological unit cell (UC) is proposed, which draws inspiration from the biological efficient load-bearing topology structure. Especially, the thought of the formalized problem-solving of extension matter-element is introduced.

Dietary supplementation of extract alleviates motor deficits in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice and its underlying mechanism.

extract (ASE), a dietary supplement with antifatigue, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory properties, has been widely used due to its high polyphenol content. Our previous study showed that ASE could be used to treat Parkinson's disease (PD) as it contains multiple monoamine oxidase B inhibitors prescribed in early PD. However, its mechanism remains ambiguous.

A Recognition Method of Ewe Estrus Crawling Behavior Based on Multi-Target Detection Layer Neural Network.

There are some problems with estrus detection in ewes in large-scale meat sheep farming: mainly, the manual detection method is labor-intensive and the contact sensor detection method causes stress reactions in ewes. To solve the abovementioned problems, we proposed a multi-objective detection layer neural network-based method for ewe estrus crawling behavior recognition. The approach we proposed has four main parts.

A Metallic Niobium Nitride with Open Nanocavities for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

The construction of open hot-spot structures that facilitate the entry of analytes is crucial for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Here, metallic niobium nitride (NbN) three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical networks with open nanocavity structure are first found to exhibit a strong visible-light localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect and extraordinary surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. The unique nanocavity structure allows easy entry of molecules, promoting the utilization of electromagnetic hot spots.

Source-To-Sink Transport of Sugar and Its Role in Male Reproductive Development.

Sucrose is produced in leaf mesophyll cells via photosynthesis and exported to non-photosynthetic sink tissues through the phloem. The molecular basis of source-to-sink long-distance transport in cereal crop plants is of importance due to its direct influence on grain yield-pollen grains, essential for male fertility, are filled with sugary starch, and rely on long-distance sugar transport from source leaves. Here, we overview sugar partitioning via phloem transport in rice, especially where relevant for male reproductive development.

Determination of the Soluble Solids Content in Korla Fragrant Pears Based on Visible and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined With Model Analysis and Variable Selection.

The non-destructive detection of soluble solids content (SSC) in fruit by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has a good application prospect. At present, the application of portable devices is more common. The construction of an accurate and stable prediction model is the key for the successful application of the device.

Prediction of Liquid Magnetization Series Data in Agriculture Based on Enhanced CGAN.

The magnetized water and fertilizer liquid can produce biological effect of magnetic field on crops, but its residual magnetic field strength is difficult to be expressed quantitatively in real time, and accurate prediction of it is helpful to define the scope of action of liquid magnetization. In this paper, a prediction model for liquid magnetization series data is presented. It consists of conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) and projected gradient descent (PGD) algorithm.

Effect of Nozzle Geometry on the Flow Dynamics and Resistance Inside and Outside the Cone-Straight Nozzle.

The cone-straight nozzle has been commonly utilized in various applications, such as cleaning, cutting, and drilling, and hence investigated extensively with simulations and experiments. However, the internal flow patterns and dynamics, as well as the influence of internal flow on jetting performance, remain unclear. In this study, we carry out both experiments and computational fluid dynamics to understand the effect of different converging angles of the cone-straight nozzle on internal and external flow patterns.

The regulatory role of CARBON STARVED ANTHER-mediated photoperiod-dependent male fertility in rice.

Environmental signals, especially daylength, play important roles in determining fertility in photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile (PGMS) lines that are critical to sustain production of high-yielding hybrid rice (Oryza sativa) varieties. However, the mechanisms by which PGMS lines perceive changes in photoperiod and transmit those signals to elicit downstream effects are not well understood. In this study, we compared the transcriptomes from the leaves and anthers of carbon starved anther (csa), a PGMS line, to wild-type (WT) tissues under different photoperiods.

Plasmonic Rare-Earth Nanosheets as Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates with High Sensitivity and Stability for Multicomponent Analysis.

Looking for high-performance substrates is an important goal of current surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) research. Herein, ultrathin multilayer rhenium (Re) nanosheets as a rare-earth metal substrate are found to have extraordinary SERS performance. These Re nanosheets are prepared through a convenient low-temperature molten salt strategy, and their total thickness is ∼5 nm, including 3-4 layers of ultrathin nanosheets with a thickness of only ∼1 nm.

Identification of miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Modules Involved in Lipid Metabolism and Seed Development in a Woody Oil Tree ().

Tea oil camellia (), an important woody oil tree, is a source of seed oil of high nutritional and medicinal value that is widely planted in southern China. However, there is no report on the identification of the miRNAs involved in lipid metabolism and seed development in the high- and low-oil cultivars of tea oil camellia. Thus, we explored the roles of miRNAs in the key periods of oil formation and accumulation in the seeds of tea oil camellia and identified miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules involved in lipid metabolism and seed development.

Encodes a Type II Formin Required for Rice Morphogenesis.

The actin cytoskeleton is crucial for plant morphogenesis, and organization of actin filaments (AF) is dynamically regulated by actin-binding proteins. However, the roles of actin-binding proteins, particularly type II formins, in this process remain poorly understood in plants. Here, we report that a type II formin in rice, formin homolog 3 (OsFH3), acts as a major player to modulate AF dynamics and contributes to rice morphogenesis.

Meta-learning prediction of physical and chemical properties of magnetized water and fertilizer based on LSTM.

Background: Due to the high cost of data collection for magnetization detection of media, the sample size is limited, it is not suitable to use deep learning method to predict its change trend. The prediction of physical and chemical properties of magnetized water and fertilizer (PCPMWF) by meta-learning can help to explore the effects of magnetized water and fertilizer irrigation on crops.

Method: In this article, we propose a meta-learning optimization model based on the meta-learner LSTM in the field of regression prediction of PCPMWF.