Constructing industrial lignin into robust and multifunctional superhydrophobic coating for effective anti-icing.

Using renewable materials as primary components for constructing superhydrophobic coatings is an effective strategy for enhancing the environmental sustainability of anti-icing technologies. Alkali lignin, a by-product of the pulp and paper industry, was graft-modified with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane to create a robust and multifunctional superhydrophobic coating for effective anti-icing. The results demonstrated that the industrial lignin-based coating achieved a contact angle of 162.

XGBoost-SHAP-based interpretable diagnostic framework for knee osteoarthritis: a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To use routine demographic and clinical data to develop an interpretable individual-level machine learning (ML) model to diagnose knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to identify highly ranked features.

Methods: In this retrospective, population-based cohort study, anonymized questionnaire data was retrieved from the Wu Chuan KOA Study, Inner Mongolia, China. After feature selections, participants were divided in a 7:3 ratio into training and test sets.

Effect of adding heparin to parenteral nutrition on catheter intraluminal obstruction based on scanning electron microscopy in preterm neonates: A non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the need for adding heparin to parenteral nutrition (PN) on reducing catheter intraluminal obstruction based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in preterm neonates.

Methods: In this randomized controlled blinded non-inferiority trial, neonates with gestational age <32 weeks requiring PICC to receive PN were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups. In the heparin group, 0.

[Incidence and risk factors of postoperative epidural hematoma following anterior cervical spine surgery].

Objective: To investigate the incidence and potential risk factors associated with postoperative spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) following anterior cervical spine surgery (ACSS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of patients who underwent ACSS for cervical spondylosis at Peking University Third Hospital between March 2013 and February 2022. Patients who developed postoperative SEH were categorized as the SEH group, while those in the cohort without SEH were randomly selected as the non-SEH group by individually matching with the same operator, same gender, same surgery year, and similar age (±5 years) at a ratio of 4 ∶ 1.

Toward clearer recognition and easier usefulness: development of a cross-lingual atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease ontology.

Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease could result in a great number of deaths and disabilities. However, it did not acquire enough attention. Less information, statistics, or data on the disease has been revealed.

Nerol attenuates doxorubicin-induced heart failure by inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats.

Background: As a broad-spectrum anti-tumour drug, the clinical application of DOX is often limited owing to its cardiotoxicity. Nerol is a naturally occurring compound with both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the ability of Nerol to improve DOX-induced heart failure and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Silencing N29 Regulated miR-193b-5p/TGFBR2 Axis to Mitigate the Progression of Cardiac Hypertrophy.

The study aimed to analyze differentially expressed lncRNAs in a model of cardiac hypertrophy, specially focusing on the molecular mechanisms of lncRNA NONMMUT023529 (lncRNA N29) in myocardial hypertrophy. Based on gene microarray results, RT-qPCR validation confirmed that lncRNA N29 was significantly upregulated in TAC-induced mice cardiac tissues. Echocardiographic assessments further verified that silencing lncRNA N29 led to a marked improvement in cardiac function, which aligned with the pathological findings revealed by H&E and Masson staining.

Catechol-grafted chitosan-based antioxidant hydrogel with rapid self-healing property for wound healing.

Chronic wounds, particularly those with non-healing ulcers, show high levels of oxidant stress, such as excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), which delays the healing process. Bacterial infections in wounds increase the need for antibiotics, which brings up serious concerns regarding antibiotic resistance. The innovative antibiotic-free strategies to endow the hydrogels with antibacterial and antioxidant features including the grafting of ROS-scavenging moieties onto the hydrogel structure are in high demand for wound management.

Barbatula nuda: an economically valuable freshwater fish that accepts phytoplankton as first food.

Barbatula nuda is considered a promising emerging species to diversify small cold-water fish aquaculture worldwide due to its rapid growth and delicious flesh. However, limited information on larval development and nutrition is available. In this study, 7-day feeding experiments were performed to evaluate three different initial diets (zooplankton, phytoplankton, and artificial microdiet) in the zoo group, algae group, and AD group on growth, development, and digestion of larvae B.

Dominant spoilage bacteria in crayfish alleviate ultrasonic stress through mechanosensitive channels but could not prevent the process of membrane destruction.

Although there have been many studies on the efficacy of ultrasonic inactivation, the stress resistance mechanism of bacteria is still a challenge for complete ultrasonic inactivation. In this study, the dominant spoilage bacteria in crayfish, Shewanella baltica (S. baltica) and Aeromonas veronii (A.

A colorimetric biosensor composed of split aptamers and mannan oligosaccharide nanozyme to monitor synthetic His-tagged food biomolecules.

Food synthetic biology is garnering increasing attention for its potential to generate bioactive components. His-tag is one of the most popular tags used in food synthetic biology. Herein, His-tag, His-tagged proteins, and His-tagged peptides were adopted as the model targets, and a commonly used biosensor was developed to monitor His-tagged food biomolecules, using split aptamers as specific recognition probes and nanozyme as the transduction element.

Impact of Exopolysaccharides from Ls5 on the Quality of Mantou: A Comparative Study of Fermentation Conditions.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their exopolysaccharides (EPS) have the potential to enhance the quality of flour-based products. This study investigated the effect of EPS produced by Ls5 on the quality of Mantou. LAB strains with high EPS production were isolated from traditional fermenters, and their characteristics and EPS properties were examined.

The development of an attention mechanism enhanced deep learning model and its application for body composition assessment with L3 CT images.

Body composition assessment is very useful for evaluating a patient's status in the clinic, but recognizing, labeling, and calculating the body compositions would be burdensome. This study aims to develop a web-based service that could automate calculating the areas of skeleton muscle (SM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) according to L3 computed tomography (CT) images. 1500 L3 CT images were gathered from Xuzhou Central Hospital.

Association of Uric Acid, High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, and 90-Day Risk of Poor Function Outcome in Patients with Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attacks.

Aim: The interaction between inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hsCRP) and antioxidants (uric acid, UA) regarding prognosis after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) remains inadequately explored. This study aimed to assess (1) the individual and joint effects of hsCRP and UA, and (2) the neuroprotective role of UA in patients with elevated hsCRP levels concerning poor functional outcomes at 90 days.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 2140 consecutive ischemic stroke or TIA patients with hsCRP and UA levels.

Surgical treatment of hypospadias with lichen sclerosus: Long-term outcomes from a single center.

Background: Hypospadias with lichen sclerosus (LS) poses surgical challenges due to lack of materials for urethral reconstruction and coverage and the limited number of reports on this clinical condition.

Objectives: To report surgical strategies and outcomes for primary and redo hypospadias patients with LS.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational descriptive study with 31 patients with primary/redo hypospadias and LS between 2013 and 2023.

An Online Multimodal Food Data Exploration Platform for Specific Population Health: Development Study.

Background: Nutrient needs vary over the lifespan. Improving knowledge of both population groups and care providers can help with healthier food choices, thereby promoting population health and preventing diseases. Providing evidence-based food knowledge online is credible, low cost, and easily accessible.

Chemoradiotherapy and Subsequent Immunochemotherapy as Conversion Therapy in Unresectable Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Phase II NEXUS-1 Trial.

Purpose: This phase II trial investigated the safety and efficacy of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by immunochemotherapy (iCT) and surgery in unresectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Patients And Methods: Patients with unresectable locally advanced ESCC received radiotherapy (50 Gy/25f, 5 days/week) and nab-paclitaxel (100 mg on day 1/week) plus cisplatin (25 mg/m2 on day 1/week) for 5 weeks, followed by tislelizumab (200 mg on day 1/cycle) plus chemotherapy (nab-paclitaxel 150 mg/m2 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 2/cycle) for two 21-day cycles. Patients who converted to resectable underwent surgery 2 to 4 weeks afterward.

Discriminative non-destructive imaging of flip chips based on photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy with layered elasto-optic models.

Discriminative internal imaging for different chip layers can pinpoint the location of critical defect in the flip chips, yet existing methods face challenges in in-line imaging to identify defects or structures from the sub-surface within the silicon substrate and their underlying coating. To address these challenges, we develop and verify layered elasto-optic models for photoacoustic remote sensing microscopy (PARS) that distinguish structures from multi-layers within a single device for in-line flip-chip wafer inspection. A finite-difference time-domain algorithm based on transparent source (TS-FDTD) accurately predicts different initial slopes of PARS signals within the silicon-metal and the silicon-air models.

The impact of UTeach observation protocol-based multiple-source feedback on improving the quality of online teaching in medical education.

Background: The ability to teach, as a core competency, has always suffered from a lack of systematic cultivation.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the difference in teaching quality before and after the application of the UTOP (UTeach observation protocol)-based multiple source feedback (MSF) formative assessment of the quality improvement of medical education classrooms.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the teaching quality of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

Social Determinants of Health, Diet, and Health Outcome.

This Special Issue delves into the intricate relationship between social determinants of health (SDOHs), diet, and health outcomes through 13 articles authored by scholars from 10 countries across five continents [...

Sub-region based histogram analysis of amide proton transfer-weighted MRI for predicting tumor budding grade in rectal adenocarcinoma: a prospective study.

Objective: To explore the sub-regional histogram features of amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) MRI, compared with those of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), in predicting the tumor budding (TB) grade of rectal cancer (RC).

Materials And Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 74 patients with pathologically confirmed RC, who underwent APTw MRI before surgery from July 2022 to March 2023. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used for TB scoring.