Safety and Intranasal Retention of a Broad-Spectrum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody SA55 Nasal Spray in Healthy Volunteers: A Phase I Clinical Trial.

Background: A broad-spectrum anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), SA55, is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants. This trial aimed at demonstrating the safety, tolerability, local drug retention and neutralizing activity, systemic exposure level, and immunogenicity of the SA55 nasal spray in healthy individuals.

Methods: This phase I, dose-escalation clinical trial combined an open-label design with a randomized, controlled, double-blind design.

Determination of Cenozoic Sedimentary Structures Using Integrated Geophysical Surveys: A Case Study in the Hebei Plain, China.

The strong multi-stage tectonic movement caused the northwest of the North China Plain to rise and the southeast to fall. The covering layer in the plain area was several kilometers thick. In addition to expensive drilling, it is difficult to obtain deep geological information through traditional geological exploration.

RAGE-mediated intestinal pro-inflammatory responses triggered by Giardia duodenalis.

Giardia duodenalis is a waterborne zoonotic protozoan that causes gastrointestinal inflammation. Giardiasis and metabolic illnesses share features such as chronic inflammation and intestinal symptoms. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signaling plays a role in metabolic illnesses and intestinal inflammatory responses.

The microbial communities and metabolic profiles of follicular fluid in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency.

Introduction: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a condition characterized by ovarian dysfunction occurring before the age of 40, and its etiology is multifactorial, including genetic, immunological, infectious, environmental, and iatrogenic factors, with over half of the cases remaining unexplained. Whether the microbial communities and metabolites in follicular fluid, which is the direct microenvironment for oocyte survival, are related to POI has not been reported.

Methods: In this study, Follicular fluid samples of 26 patients with POI and 27 controls with a normal ovarian reserve were collected and analyzed using 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics.

Injured Myocardium-Targeted Theranostic Nanoplatform for Multi-Dimensional Immune-Inflammation Regulation in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Pyroptosis is a key mode of programmed cell death during the early stages following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), driving immune-inflammatory responses. Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are the primary mediators of cardiac immunity, and they serve a dual role through their shaping of both myocardial injury and post-AMI myocardial repair. To appropriately regulate AMI-associated inflammation, HM4oRL is herein designed, an innovative bifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform capable of inhibiting cardiomyocyte pyroptosis while reprogramming inflammatory signaling.

Comparison of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets versus orthokeratology for the management of axial length elongation.

Clinical Relevance: When selecting an intervention for myopia management, parental inquiries centre around the comparative efficacy of orthokeratology versus myopic defocus spectacle lenses. This prompts an intriguing investigation into the nuanced differences between these two treatment methods.

Background: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of spectacle lenses with highly aspherical lenslets (HAL) versus orthokeratology (Ortho-k) in controlling axial length elongation.

miR-199a-3p mitigates simulated microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling by targeting MEF2C.

Microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction present significant challenges to long-term spaceflight, highlighting the urgent need to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and develop precise countermeasures. Previous studies have outlined the important role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease progression, with miR-199a-3p playing a crucial role in myocardial injury repair and the maintenance of cardiac function. However, the specific role and expression pattern of miR-199a-3p in microgravity-induced cardiac remodeling remain unclear.

Plasma exchange alone versus combination with intravenous immunoglobulin/methylprednisolone pulse therapy in severe systemic rheumatic diseases: a retrospective study.

Background: For severe systemic rheumatic diseases (SRDs), therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) may be applied as a rescue therapy; it usually combined with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) or intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (IVMP) in severe SRDs. However, the necessity of this combination treatment strategy in SRDs remains uncertain.

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of TPE alone versus TPE combined with IVIG/IVMP in treating severe SRDs.

Study on Visual Quality After Cataract Surgery and Goniosynechialysis in Patients with Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Cataracts.

Objective: To assess the visual quality in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) complicated by cataracts after cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and goniosynechialysis, and to explore the relationship between pupil size and visual quality.

Methods: A retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted, including 65 PACG patients (75 eyes) who underwent cataract surgery with IOL implantation and goniosynechialysis from July 2021 to June 2023, as well as a control group of cataract-only patients. Visual quality was evaluated using objective and subjective methods at least 3 months postoperatively.

Combinatorial Treatment with Praziquantel and Curcumin Reduces Parasite Burden and Clonorchiasis-Associated Pathologies in Rats.

: Clonorchiasis is a foodborne parasitic disease that can lead to severe biliary fibrosis and cholangiocarcinoma. While praziquantel (PZQ) is available for clonorchiasis treatment, it cannot revert the histopathological damage incurred through parasite-induced fibrosis. Curcumin (CUR) is an emerging experimental drug possessing anti-inflammatory and fibrosis-alleviating effects, thus signifying its potential as an anthelmintic drug.

DENV-1 Infection of Macrophages Induces Pyroptosis and Causes Changes in MicroRNA Expression Profiles.

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is the most widespread mosquito-borne virus, which can cause dengue fever with mild symptoms, or progress to fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. As the main target cells of DENV, macrophages are responsible for the innate immune response against the virus.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the role of pyroptosis in the pathogenic mechanism of dengue fever by examining the level of pyroptosis in DENV-1-infected macrophages and further screened differentially expressed microRNAs by high-throughput sequencing to predict microRNAs that could affect the pyroptosis of the macrophage.

Connexin 43 and Pannexin 1 hemichannels as endogenous regulators of innate immunity in sepsis.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infections that is initiated by the body's innate immune system. Nearly a decade ago, we discovered that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and serum amyloid A (SAA) upregulated Connexin 43 (Cx43) and Pannexin 1 (Panx1) hemichannels in macrophages. When overexpressed, these hemichannels contribute to sepsis pathogenesis by promoting ATP efflux, which intensifies the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase R (PKR)-dependent inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, and the release of pathogenic damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, such as HMGB1.

Metal-phenolic network biointerface-mediated cell regulation for bone tissue regeneration.

Bone tissue regeneration presents a significant challenge in clinical treatment due to inadequate coordination between implant materials and reparative cells at the biomaterial-bone interfaces. This gap underscores the necessity of enhancing interaction modulation between cells and biomaterials, which is a crucial focus in bone tissue engineering. Metal-polyphenolic networks (MPN) are novel inorganic-organic hybrid complexes that are formed through coordination interactions between phenolic ligands and metal ions.

Nitrogen-Doped Weathered Coal for the Efficient Adsorption of Lead: Adsorption Performance and Mechanisms.

The development of widely sourced and efficient adsorbents is crucial for the adsorption of lead from wastewater. A novel adsorbent, N-doped weathered coal (NWC), was prepared in this study using weathered coal as the precursor and triethylenetetramine (TETA) as the N-source. The adsorption performance and behavior of Pb(II) on NWC were investigated using batch adsorption experiments.

Cretaceous coastal mountain building and potential impacts on climate change in East Asia.

Crustal thickness and elevation variations control mountain building and climate change at convergent margins. As an archetypal Andean-type convergent margin, eastern Asia preserves voluminous magmas ideal for quantifying these processes and their impacts on climate. Here, we use Sr/Y and Ce/Y proxies to show that the crust experienced alternating thickening and thinning during the Late Mesozoic.

Chinese guidelines for minimally invasive donor hepatectomy in living donor liver transplantation (2024 edition).

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries are increasingly central to modern medicine, particularly in liver transplantation. These techniques, which offer reduced trauma, precise operations, minimal bleeding, and swift recovery, are, however, unevenly adopted across China. Only a limited number of centers routinely perform minimally invasive donor hepatectomies, indicating a significant imbalance in the development and application of these advanced procedures.

Correction: Seismic response of a mid-story isolated stilted structure in mountainous areas.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Inhibition of Neospora caninum activity by niclosamide: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies.

Neosporosis caused by Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is one of the main causes of bovine miscarriage, but there are currently no effective drugs or vaccines for treatment and prevention. Our previous works have found that NLRP3 inflammasome activation participated in controlling N.

A fully polydicyclopentadiene skeletonized epoxy resin system and its fundamental properties as an electronic material.

A low-cost fully dicyclopentadiene (DCPD)-networked epoxy system was designed. Compared to commercial diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy resin counterparts, the cured DCPD-based resin demonstrates excellent thermal properties ( > 250 °C) and a low dissipation factor (0.0065 at 10 GHz), indicating its potential as a promising thermoset for high-performance electronic applications.

Random uncertain motor parameters identification combining fourth-order moment and trust region.

In random uncertain motor parameter identification field, there is low identification efficiency and ill-conditioned data coming from the second iteration involved in the uncertainty propagation and surrogate model between the motor parameters and the performance response. In this paper, the fourth-order moment method and trust region model management technology are combined to reduce the dependence of the surrogate model accuracy and improve the computational efficiency. In the framework, the inner layer calculates the cumulative probability under different motor performance response thresholds based on the fourth-order moment method, and obtain the probability density function of the calculated motor performance response.

[Response and Assembly Process of Soil Microbial Communities Under Different Reclamation Measures].

Reclamation is essential for restoring the ecological function of soil in mining areas. However, the microbiological mechanism of soil ecological function reconstruction under different reclamation measures still needs to be clarified. Clarifying the characteristics of soil bacterial and fungal communities, assembly mechanisms, and their relationship with physicochemical properties under different reclamation measures is crucial for reshaping the ecological stability of soil in mining areas.

Evaluation of the Decreased Cholesterol Potential of Levilactobacillus brevis M-10 Isolated from Spontaneously Fermented Sour Porridge in Mice with High-Cholesterol Levels.

Excessive cholesterol levels can lead to hypercholesterolemia, which is related to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and CVDs are a serious threat to human health. Therefore, lowering cholesterol levels is necessary, and diet intervention is safer than drugs are. The cholesterol-lowering effect of Levilactobacillus brevis M-10 isolated from spontaneously fermented millet sour porridge was investigated in fifty C57BL/6N male mice.

Immunization with the NcMYR1 gene knockout strain effectively protected C57BL/6 mice and their pups against the challenge.

is an important protozoan parasite that causes abortion in cattle and nervous system dysfunction in dogs. No effective drugs and vaccines for neosporosis are available. Further elucidation of proteins related to virulence will provide potential candidates for vaccine development against neosporosis.

A Review on Resonant MEMS Electric Field Sensors.

Electric field sensors (EFSs) are widely used in various fields, particularly in accurately assessing atmospheric electric fields and high-voltage power lines. Precisely detecting electric fields enhances the accuracy of weather forecasting and contributes to the safe operation of power grids. This paper comprehensively reviews the development of micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) resonant EFSs, including theoretical analysis, working principles, and applications.

Gegen Qinlian Decoction improves H1N1-induced viral pneumonia by modulating the "gut microbiota-metabolomics-immune/inflammation" axis.

Background And Aim: The acute pulmonary infectious disease caused by influenza viruses is known as influenza virus pneumonia (IVP). In recent years, Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) has been widely used to treat pulmonary inflammation; however, the underlying mechanism of action of GQD in IVP remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism through which GQD improved IVP.