Phylogenomic discovery of deleterious mutations facilitates hybrid potato breeding.

Hybrid potato breeding will transform the crop from a clonally propagated tetraploid to a seed-reproducing diploid. Historical accumulation of deleterious mutations in potato genomes has hindered the development of elite inbred lines and hybrids. Utilizing a whole-genome phylogeny of 92 Solanaceae and its sister clade species, we employ an evolutionary strategy to identify deleterious mutations.

Reduced dietary Ca, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Mg bioavailability but increased Fe bioavailability with polyethylene microplastic ingestion in a mouse model: Changes in intestinal permeability and gut metabolites.

Microplastics emerge as a new environmental and human health crisis. Minimal research exists on effects of microplastic ingestion on the oral bioavailability of minerals (Fe, Ca, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Mg) in the gastrointestinal tract via impacting intestinal permeability, mineral transcellular transporters, and gut metabolites. Here, mice were exposed to polyethylene spheres of 30 and 200 μm (PE-30 and PE-200) in diet (2, 20, and 200 μg PE g) for 35 d to determine the microplastic effects on mineral oral bioavailability.

Preparation and Evaluation of Co-Doped FeS/C Composites for Lithium Storage.

FeS has a high theoretical capacity (663 mAh g) and can be prepared at a low cost, making it advantageous for production. However, FeS has two disadvantages as a lithium-ion battery anode material. The first is that the conductivity of FeS is not good.

Dry Nutrition Delivery System Based on Defatted Soybean Particles and Its Application with β-Carotene.

Many nutrition delivery systems (NDSs) have been developed for the encapsulation, protection, and delivery of bioactive compounds, such as β-carotene. Most of those systems were prepared in solution, which is inconvenient for transportation and storage in the food industry. In the present work, we constructed an environmentally friendly dry NDS based on defatted soybean particles (DSPs) by milling a β-carotene-DSP mixture.

Integrated Cardiomyocyte-Based Biosensing Platform for Electroporation-Triggered Intracellular Recording in Parallel with Delivery Efficiency Evaluation.

Electroporation is a proven technique that can record action potential of cardiomyocytes and serve for biomolecular delivery. To ensure high cell viability, micro-nanodevices cooperating with low-voltage electroporation are frequently utilized in research, and the effectiveness of delivery for intracellular access is typically assessed using an optical imaging approach like flow cytometry. However, the efficiency of in situ biomedical studies is hampered by the intricacy of these analytical approaches.

Association between chewing side preference and MRI characteristics in patients with anterior disc displacement of the temporomandibular joint.

Objective: To compare the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics in the anterior disc displacement (ADD) patients with and without chewing side preference (CSP).

Methods: The MRI characteristics of the bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in 111 patients with ADD were retrospectively analysed. Based on the presence of CSP, all subjects were divided into the non-CSP group (NC group, N = 40) and CSP group (C group, N = 71).

The effect of vegetable oil pre-emulsified with whey protein and pectin on physicochemical properties and microstructure of low-fat yogurt.

The effects of whey protein isolate (WPI)-pectin pre-emulsified vegetable oil on the physicochemical properties and microstructure of low-fat yogurt (LFY) were investigated by particle size distribution, water-holding capacity (WHC), texture, rheology, electron microscopy, storage stability, and sensory analysis. The vegetable oil was pre-emulsified into two types of emulsions, a mixed emulsion (ME: WPI-pectin complexes were adsorbed directly at the interface) and a bilayer emulsion (BE: Pectin was added to a previously established WPI-stabilized interface). The results showed that yogurts added with pre-emulsified vegetable oil (ME-Y, BE-Y) had significantly better quality than LFY, with better WHC, textural properties, rheological properties, and storage stability.

Extensive hydrolysis of milk protein and its peptidomic antigenicity analysis by LC-MS/MS.

Milk protein concentrate (MPC) is considered an ideal substitute of cow milk because of its similar protein and nutrition. In this study, MPC was hydrolyzed to peptides by alcalase and neutrase, and the properties of hydrolysate were evaluated. When MPC was hydrolyzed at the ratio of alcalase and neutrase of 1:1 and enzyme to substrate ratio of 6000 U/g MPC at 50°C, pH 8.

Preparation and application of tremella polysaccharide based chrome free tanning agent for sheepskin processing.

The abuse of chrome tanning agent in leather processing has caused great harm to human health and the natural environment. We use tremella polysaccharides (TP), lentinan (LNT) and konjac gum (KG) as raw materials, and sodium periodate as oxidant to prepare the corresponding polysaccharide tanning agent. Tremella polysaccharide was selected as the best tanning agent according to the shrinkage temperature, and the subsequent experiments were carried out.

Preparation and characterization of 3D-printed antibacterial hydrogel with benzyl isothiocyanate.

Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is an isothiocyanate of plant origin, especially the mustard family, which has good antibacterial properties. However, its applications are challenging due to its poor water solubility and chemical instability. We used food hydrocolloids, including xanthan gum, locust bean gum, konjac glucomannan, and carrageenan as three-dimensional (3D)-printing food ink base and successfully prepared 3D-printed BITC antibacterial hydrogel (BITC-XLKC-Gel).

Transesophageal echocardiography-guided percutaneous patent ductus arteriosus closure without fluoroscopy.

Objectives: A retrospective study was performed to summarize the experience of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) through the right femoral vein under the guidance of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

Methods: From January 2019 to September 2021, 75 children who underwent PDA closure through the right femoral vein under the guidance of TEE were included. The guide wire and delivery sheath were inserted through the ductus arteriosus into the descending aorta via the right femoral vein, and the occluder was subsequently deployed.

Transcriptomic analysis of Mythimna separata ovaries and identification of genes involved in reproduction.

The migratory insect Mythimna separata is a major pest of grain crops in Asia. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms that control and regulate reproduction in this species remain unclear. In this study, transcriptome sequencing was utilized to identify genes associated with ovary development and oogenesis.

Using Fe biofortification strategies to reduce both Ni concentration and oral bioavailability for rice with high Ni.

Due to naturally high Ni or soil Ni contamination, high Ni concentrations are reported in rice, raising a need to reduce rice Ni exposure risk. Here, reduction in rice Ni concentration and Ni oral bioavailability with rice Fe biofortification and dietary Fe supplementation was assessed using rice cultivation and mouse bioassays. Results showed that for rice grown in a high geogenic Ni soil, increases in rice Fe concentration from ∼10.

(111)-Dominated Perovskite Films by Antisolvent Engineering.

Fabricating perovskite films with a dominant crystal orientation is an effective path to realizing quasi-single-crystal perovskite film, which can eliminate the fluctuation of the electrical properties in films arising from grain-to-grain variations, and improve the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Perovskite (FAPbI ) films based on one-step antisolvent methods usually suffer from chaotic orientations due to the inevitable intermediate phase conversion from intermediates of PbI •DMSO, FA Pb I •4DMSO, and δ-FAPbI to α-FAPbI . Here, a high-quality perovskite film with (111) preferred orientation ((111)-α-FAPbI ) using a short-chain isomeric alcohol antisolvent, isopropanol (IPA) or isobutanol (IBA), is reported.

Super-pangenome analyses highlight genomic diversity and structural variation across wild and cultivated tomato species.

Effective utilization of wild relatives is key to overcoming challenges in genetic improvement of cultivated tomato, which has a narrow genetic basis; however, current efforts to decipher high-quality genomes for tomato wild species are insufficient. Here, we report chromosome-scale tomato genomes from nine wild species and two cultivated accessions, representative of Solanum section Lycopersicon, the tomato clade. Together with two previously released genomes, we elucidate the phylogeny of Lycopersicon and construct a section-wide gene repertoire.

Cone-beam computed tomographic characteristics in degenerative temporomandibular joint disease patients with chewing side preference.

Objectives: This study is aimed at assessing the Cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) characteristics of temporomandibular joints (TMJ) in degenerative temporomandibular joint disease (DJD) patients with chewing side preference (CSP).

Materials And Methods: CBCT images of 98 patients with DJD (67 with CSP and 31 without CSP) and 22 asymptomatic participants without DJD were measured retrospectively to compare the osteoarthritic changes and the morphology of TMJ. Quantitative analysis of the TMJ radiographic images was performed to present a comparison between the three inter-group groups and between the two sides of the joints.

Ultrasound-assisted blue light killing Vibrio parahaemolyticus to improve salmon preservation.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a typical marine bacterium, which often contaminates seafood and poses a health risk to consumers. Some non-thermal sterilization technologies, such as ultrasonic field (UF) and blue light (BL) irradiation, have been widely used in clinical practice due to their efficiency, safety, and avoidance of drug resistance, but their application in food preservation has not been extensively studied. This study aims to investigate the effect of BL on V.

Blended cumin/Zanthoxylum essential oil improve the antibacterial, fresh-keeping performance and flavor of chilled fresh mutton.

Microbial pollution and fat oxidation are the main factors that induce the deterioration in the quality of chilled fresh mutton. This study evaluated the effects of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) essential oil (CEO), Zanthoxylum essential oil (ZEO), and blended cumin/zanthoxylum essential oil (BEO) on the antibacterial, preservation of freshness, and flavor improvement of chilled fresh mutton. The results show that BEO exerts a good inhibition effect on microbial growth, lipid oxidation, and the formation of TVB-N, as well as slowing down the rate of juice loss under chilled conditions.

The plant unique ESCRT component FREE1 regulates autophagosome closure.

The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) can activate autophagy when cellular energy production becomes compromised. However, the degree to which nutrient sensing impinges on the autophagosome closure remains unknown. Here, we provide the mechanism underlying a plant unique protein FREE1, upon autophagy-induced SnRK1α1-mediated phosphorylation, functions as a linkage between ATG conjugation system and ESCRT machinery to regulate the autophagosome closure upon nutrient deprivation.

Torsed extralobar pulmonary sequestration associated with congenital lobar emphysema: a rare entity.

Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a rare congenital malformation, which mainly contains two variants involving extralobar and intralobar sequestrations. Extralobar sequestrations (ELS) are isolated from the remaining lung tissue and have their visceral pleura. Herein, we report the first case of a torsed ELS associated with congenital lobar emphysema.

Cadmium and lead bioavailability to poultry fed with contaminated soil-spiked feed.

Geophagy is common for free-range chickens, however, the relative bioavailability (RBA) of heavy metals in contaminated soils consumed by chickens has not fully investigated. In this work, chickens were fed diets increasingly spiked with a contaminated soil (Cd = 105, Pb = 4840 mg kg; 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 % of overall feed by weight), or Cd/Pb reagent spikes (from CdCl or Pb(Ac)), for 23 d. After the study period, chicken liver, kidney, femur and gizzard samples were analyzed for Cd and Pb concentrations, and organ/tissue metal concentrations were used to calculate Cd and Pb RBA.

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance-Based Elastography and Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography in Patients With Suspicion of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

This study investigated the correlation between magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and shear wave ultrasound elastography (SWE) in patients with clinically diagnosed or suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Subjects with or at risk of NAFLD identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proton density fat fraction (PDFF) were prospectively enrolled. For each patient, 6 valid 2-dimensional SWE measurements were acquired using a Logiq E10 scanner (GE HealthCare, Waukesha, WI).

Ferric chloride induces ferroptosis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and heals wound infection in a mouse model.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common pathogens that lead to fatal human infection. This Gram-negative pathogen has evolved complex drug resistance, which poses significant challenges to the current antibiotic-dependent healthcare system. New therapeutic approaches are urgently required to treat infections caused by P.

Enhancing the accumulation of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid through the pre-harvest ethylene treatment in .

Abel. () is an important woody edible oil tree species in China. The quality of oil (tea oil) is mainly determined by the contents of linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA).

Adverse events after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: prediction models by machine learning of a retrospective cohort study in western China.

Background: The incidence of clinical adverse events after tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) repair remains high. This study was performed to explore risk factors for adverse events and develop a prediction model through machine learning (ML) to forecast the incidence of clinical adverse events after TOF repair.

Methods: A total of 281 participants who were treated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) at our hospital from January 2002 to January 2022 were included in the study.