Exosomes and non-coding RNAs: bridging the gap in Alzheimer's pathogenesis and therapeutics.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the elderly population and is the leading cause of dementia. Meanwhile, the vascular hypothesis suggests that vascular damage occurs in the early stages of the disease, leading to neurodegeneration and hindered waste clearance, which in turn triggers a series of events including the accumulation of amyloid plaques and Tau protein tangles. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have been found to be involved in the regulation of AD.

Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for secondary hyperparathyroidism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that affects approximately 90% of end-stage renal disease and poses a significant threat to long-term survival and quality of life in patients.

Objectives: To assess whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a productive and low-risk treatment for hyperparathyroidism secondary to CKD.

Methods: Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched independently by two authors.

Construction methods and latest applications of kidney cancer organoids.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the deadliest malignant tumors. Despite significant advances in RCC treatment over the past decade, complete remission is rarely achieved. Consequently, there is an urgent need to explore and develop new therapies to improve the survival rates and quality of life for patients.

Dual Redox Reactions of Silver Hexacyanoferrate Prussian Blue Analogue Enable Superior Electrochemical Performance for Zinc-ion Storage.

Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have been employed as host materials of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), however, they suffer from low capacity and poor cycling stability due to limited electron transfer and the presence of interstitial water in PBAs. Herein, a vacancy and water-free silver hexacyanoferrate KAgFe(CN) (AgHCF-3) was synthesized by adjusting the ratio of K and Ag in the framework. It offers nearly four electrons involving two sequential redox reactions, namely, Fe/Fe and Ag/Ag, to deliver a large capacity of 179.

Challenges and Modification Strategies on High-Voltage Layered Oxide Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have attracted great attention due to their advantages on resource abundance, cost and safety. Layered oxide cathodes (LOCs) of SIBs possess high theoretical capacity, facile synthesis and low cost, and are promising candidates for large scale energy storage application. Increasing operating voltage is an effective strategy to achieve higher specific capacity and also high energy density of SIBs.

Anionic Solvation Transition at Low Temperatures for Reversible Anodes in Lithium-Oxygen Batteries.

Li-O batteries provide a novel technology for electric energy storage due to their high energy density. However, the strong solvent coordination with Li at low temperatures impacts their performance and triggers irreversible interfacial reactions on the Li anode. Herein, cyclopentyl methyl ether (CME) is incorporated in a dimethoxyethane (DME)-based electrolyte to realize an anionic solvation transition at low temperatures in Li-O batteries.

TMEM17 Promotes Tumor Progression in Glioblastoma by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and fast-growing brain tumor, characterized by rapid progression, a very poor prognosis, and a high likelihood of recurrence. Thus, effective new therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Transmembrane proteins (TMEMs) have pro-cancer effects on multiple cancer types, but the mechanisms underlying the effects of TMEM17, particularly its role in GBM, remain unclear.

Development of a TaqMan-based multiplex real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, , and .

Introduction: PEDV, and , are highly contagious diarrheal pathogens that have caused significant harm to the global swine industry. Co-infections with multiple pathogens are common, making it challenging to identify the actual causative agents depending only on clinical information. It is crucial to develop a reliable method to simultaneously detect and differentiate these pathogens.

Mitochondria: a new intervention target for tumor invasion and metastasis.

Mitochondria, responsible for cellular energy synthesis and signal transduction, intricately regulate diverse metabolic processes, mediating fundamental biological phenomena such as cell growth, aging, and apoptosis. Tumor invasion and metastasis, key characteristics of malignancies, significantly impact patient prognosis. Tumor cells frequently exhibit metabolic abnormalities in mitochondria, including alterations in metabolic dynamics and changes in the expression of relevant metabolic genes and associated signal transduction pathways.

E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF180 mediates the ALKBH5/SMARCA5 axis to promote colon inflammation and Th17/Treg imbalance in ulcerative colitis mice.

SMARCA5, a protein in the SWI/SNF family, has been previously implicated in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC) through methylation. However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which SMARCA5 contributes to colonic inflammation and the imbalance between Th17 and Treg cells remain unclear. This study was designed to explore these molecular mechanisms.

Exciton Dissociation into Charge Carriers in Porphyrinic Metal-Organic Frameworks for Light-Assisted Li-O Batteries.

Light-assisted Li-O batteries exhibit a high round-trip efficiency attributable to the assistance of light-generated electrons and holes in oxygen reduction and evolution reactions. Nonetheless, the excitonic effect arising from Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes impedes carrier separation, thus hindering efficient utilization of photo-energy. Herein, porphyrinic metal-organic frameworks with (FeNi)O(COO) clusters are used as photocathodes to accelerate exciton dissociation into charge carriers for light-assisted Li-O batteries.

Surface Coordination Modulated Morphological Anisotropic Engineering of Iron-Benzoquinone Frameworks for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Morphological anisotropic engineering is powerful to synthesize metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with versatile physicochemical properties for diverse applications ranging from gas storage/separation to electrocatalysis and batteries, etc. Herein, we developed a carbon substrate guided strategy to manipulate the facet-dependent coordination for morphology engineering of Fe-THBQ (tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone) frameworks, which is built with cubic Fe octamer bridged by two parallel THBQ ligands along three orthogonal axes, extending to a three-dimensional (3D) framework with pcu-e network topology. The electronegative O-containing functional groups on carbon surfaces compete with THBQ linkers to selectively interact with the unsaturated coordinated Fe cations on the {111} facets and inhibit crystal growth along the <111> direction.

Emerging strategies for treating autoimmune disease with genetically modified dendritic cells.

Gene editing of living cells has become a crucial tool in medical research, enabling scientists to address fundamental biological questions and develop novel strategies for disease treatment. This technology has particularly revolutionized adoptive transfer cell therapy products, leading to significant advancements in tumor treatment and offering promising outcomes in managing transplant rejection, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory diseases. While recent clinical trials have demonstrated the safety of tolerogenic dendritic cell (TolDC) immunotherapy, concerns remain regarding its effectiveness.

Emerging roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in fruit and vegetables.

With the development of genome sequencing technologies, many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in fruit and vegetables. lncRNAs are primarily transcribed and spliced by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) or plant-specific Pol IV/V, and exhibit limited evolutionary conservation. lncRNAs intricately regulate various aspects of fruit and vegetables, including pigment accumulation, reproductive tissue development, fruit ripening, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, through diverse mechanisms such as gene expression modulation, interaction with hormones and transcription factors, microRNA regulation, and involvement in alternative splicing.

Interfacial Engineering for Oriented Crystal Growth toward Dendrite-Free Zn Anode for Aqueous Zinc Metal Battery.

Zn deposition with a surface-preferred (002) crystal plane has attracted extensive attention due to its inhibited dendrite growth and side reactions. However, the nucleation and growth of the Zn(002) crystal plane are closely related to the interfacial properties. Herein, oriented growth of Zn(002) crystal plane is realized on Ag-modified surface that is directly visualized by in situ atomic force microscopy.

Echinatin mitigates sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity through regulation of ferroptosis and iron homeostasis.

Surgery and anesthesia are vital medical interventions, but concerns over their potential cognitive side effects, particularly with the use of inhalational anesthetics like sevoflurane, have surfaced. This study delves into the neuroprotective potential of Echinatin against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms. Echinatin, a natural compound, has exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.

Sustainable Aqueous Batteries Based on Bipolar Dissociation of Aluminum Hydroxyacetate Electrolyte.

Rechargeable aqueous batteries are potential systems for large-scale energy storage due to their high safety and low cost. However, developing aqueous batteries with high sustainability, affordability, and reversibility is urgent and challenging. Here we report an amphoteric aluminum hydroxyacetate (AlAc(OH)) electrolyte with the ability of bipolar ionization of H and OH, which facilitates the redox reactions at both the anthraquinone (AQ) anode and nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)) cathode.

Regulating Ion-Dipole Interactions in Weakly Solvating Electrolyte towards Ultra-Low Temperature Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are recognized as promising energy storage devices. However, they suffer from rapid capacity decay at ultra-low temperatures due to high Na desolvation energy barrier and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Herein, a weakly solvating electrolyte (WSE) with decreased ion-dipole interactions is designed for stable sodium storage in hard carbon (HC) anode at ultra-low temperatures.

Regulation of anion-Na coordination chemistry in electrolyte solvates for low-temperature sodium-ion batteries.

High-performance sodium storage at low temperature is urgent with the increasingly stringent demand for energy storage systems. However, the aggravated capacity loss is induced by the sluggish interfacial kinetics, which originates from the interfacial Na desolvation. Herein, all-fluorinated anions with ultrahigh electron donicity, trifluoroacetate (TFA), are introduced into the diglyme (G2)-based electrolyte for the anion-reinforced solvates in a wide temperature range.

Negative Lattice Expansion in an O3-Type Transition-Metal Oxide Cathode for Highly Stable Sodium-Ion Batteries.

The sodium extraction/insertion in layered transition-metal oxide (TMO) cathode materials are typically accompanied by slab sliding and lattice changes, leading to microstructure destruction and capacity decay. Herein, negative lattice expansion is observed in an O3 type Ni-based layered cathode of Na Ni Zn Fe Mn Ti O upon Na extraction. It is attributed to the weak Zn -O orbital hybridization and increased electron density of the surrounding oxygen for reinforced interlayer O-O repulsive force.