Working mechanisms for enhanced interface stability and electrochemical properties in dual-salt polymer electrolyte with in-situ electrolyte-cathode integration.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have attracted much attention due to their excellent flexibility, strong interfacial adhesion and good processibility. However, the incompatibility at the electrode/electrolyte interface often results in increased impedance and rapid capacity attenuation. In this work, dual-salt composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) with an integrated electrolyte/cathode structure are prepared by in-situ ultraviolet (UV) photopolymerization.

Polymer-Scaffold Induced Extensive Hydrogen-Bond Network: Enabling High Transport of Proton and Oxygen in Cathode Catalyst/Ionomer Interfaces.

Uneven ionomer coverage in the cathode catalyst layer of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) impedes proton conduction and oxygen diffusion, particularly at low platinum loadings. Here, a functionalized polymer-scaffold is designed and constructed by using hydroxy-pyridine polybenzimidazole (PyOHPBI) with abundant hydrogen-bond sites, thereby proposing a hydrogen-bond synergistic strategy to address the challenges of optimizing ionomer distribution and enhancing the transport of protons and gas through the catalyst layer. By integrating molecular dynamics simulations, in situ and ex-situ characterization methods, the design achieves 144.

Fluorinated Deep Eutectic Polymer Electrolytes with Hydrogen Bonds-Rich Networks: Realizing Targeted Management of Primary Solvation Sheath Migration.

The exploration of Li transport mechanism in the bulk and the interface holds the key to achieving rapid Li transport and desolvation kinetics. However, little is still known about that in gel polymer electrolytes enriched with hydrogen bond networks. Here, fluorinated gel-deep eutectic solvated (FG-DES) polymer electrolytes are fabricated for exploring the aforementioned mechanism by spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation.

Ultra-broadband near-field Josephson microwave microscopy.

Advanced microwave technologies constitute the foundation of a wide range of modern sciences, including microwave integrated circuits, quantum computing, microwave photonics, spintronics, etc. To facilitate the design of chip-based microwave devices, there is an increasing demand for state-of-the-art microscopic techniques that are capable of characterizing near-field microwave distribution and performance. In this work, we integrate Josephson junctions onto a nanosized quartz tip, forming a highly sensitive microwave mixer on-tip.

Risk Assessment of Global Animal Melioidosis Under Current and Future Climate Scenarios.

Melioidosis is a zoonotic disease that is caused by , which is a serious public health and safety risk. In order to explore the global animal melioidosis risk distribution and its dynamic response to future climate scenarios, we collected global data about reported animal incidence sites. Data regarding the density of in the environment were created by collecting and sorting information about the occurrence sites in contaminated air, soil, and water.

Precise Regulation of Intra-Nanopore Charge Microenvironment in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Monovalent Cation Transport.

Charged channels are considered an effective design for achieving efficient monovalent cation transport; however, it remains challenging to establish a direct relationship between charge microenvironments and ionic conductivity within the pores. Herein, we report a series of crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with identical skeletons but different charge microenvironments and explore their intra-pore charge-driven ion transport performance and mechanism differences. We found that the charged nature determines ion-pair action sites, modes, host-guest interaction, thereby influencing the dissociation efficiency of ion pairs, the hopping ability of cations, and the effective carrier concentration.

Oxidative degradation of lignin by biomass-mediated hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolites: C-O bond breaking and mechanistic analysis.

The catalytic depolymerization of lignin has long been challenged by the limited catalytic mass transfer and the complexity of its polymer structure. In this work, a series of hierarchical MFI nanosheet catalysts (named AL-MFI, M-BKC-MFI, M(metal)-AL-MFI and M(metal)-BKC-MFI, respectively) using biomass (lignin and lignin biochar) as a template were designed to realize the oxidative depolymerization of lignin and its derivatives efficiently and stably. The Zn element in the M-AL-MFI and M-BKC-MFI compensated for the acidity, while Ce could stimulate the production of O through redox and trigger a free radical pyrolysis reaction.

Enhanced Interfacial Contact and Lithium-Ion Transport in Ionic Liquid Polymer Electrolyte via In-Situ Electrolyte-Cathode Integration.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have attracted much attention due to their excellent flexibility, strong interfacial adhesion, and good processibility. However, the poor interfacial contact between the separate solid polymer electrolytes and electrodes leads to large interfacial impedance and, thus, hinders Li transport. In this work, an ionic liquid-modified comb-like crosslinked network composite solid-state electrolyte with an integrated electrolyte/cathode structure is prepared by in situ ultraviolet (UV) photopolymerization.

Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Goat-Derived .

This research aims to enhance the genomic database of by identifying virulence genes through the whole genome sequencing and comparative analysis of a goat-derived (KOHN1) strain, while clarifying the relationship between its genetic evolution and virulence, ultimately providing a theoretical foundation for clinical prevention and diagnosis. Third-generation Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing and second-generation Illumina sequencing were used to sequence the strain and analyze the database annotations. Screening for 10 virulence genes was conducted using PCR.

Soluble microneedle acupuncture patches containing melittin liposomes for the percutaneous treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

Bee venom acupuncture (BVA) offers therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but faces challenges from pain and allergies linked to live bee stings. A key hurdle is melittin (Mel), bee venom's main anti-inflammatory component, which degrades rapidly when orally ingested, leading to decreased efficacy and increased toxicity. This study proposes a solution by encapsulating melittin in liposomes to enhance stability and lessen side effects, expanding its clinical applicability.

Prognosis modelling of adverse events for post-PCI treated AMI patients based on inflammation and nutrition indexes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive performance of inflammatory and nutritional indices for adverse cardiovascular events (ACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using a machine learning (ML) algorithm.

Methods: AMI patients who underwent PCI were recruited and randomly divided into non/ACE groups. Inflammatory and nutritional indices were graded according to the laboratory examination reports.

Visualization of Right Adrenal Vein in Non-Contrast-Enhanced MDCT and Its Guiding Role for Right Adrenal Venous Sampling.

This study aimed to evaluate the visualization of right adrenal vein (RAV) in non-contrast-enhanced multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) and its guiding role for right adrenal venous sampling (AVS) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). A total of 237 patients diagnosed with PA who underwent successful AVS procedures from January 2020 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The non-contrast-enhanced MDCT image features of RAV included the degree of visualization and the position of RAV orifice.

Local charge homogenization strategy enables ultra-high voltage tolerance of polyether electrolytes for 4.7 V lithium metal batteries.

fabricated polyether electrolytes have been regarded as one of the most promising solid electrolyte systems. Nevertheless, they cannot match high-voltage cathodes over 4.3 V due to their poor oxidative stability.

ALG8-CDG: Advances in Molecular and Prenatal Phenotyping Facilitate Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Counseling.

Background: ALG8-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG8-CDG) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder leading to severe multisystem manifestations, with no reported prenatal patients to date.

Methods: We describe two fetuses from a single family with ALG8-CDG presenting with prenatal hydrops, undergoing comprehensive prenatal ultrasound, umbilical cord blood biochemistry, autopsy, placental pathology, and genetic testing.

Results: Prenatal ultrasound revealed fetal hydrops, skeletal anomalies, cardiac developmental abnormalities, cataracts, echogenic kidneys and bowel, oligohydramnios, choroid plexus cysts, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Serotype D Infection Induces Activation of the IL-17 Signaling Pathway in Goat Lymphocytes.

(1) Background: Pasteurellosis is a global zoonotic bacterial disease, which has caused significant economic impacts in animal husbandry. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the immune response between goat peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and goat-derived (). (2) Methods: To investigate the immune response of host PBLs during infection with type D, we established an cell model utilizing isolated primary goat PBLs.

Predicting Tuberculosis Risk in Cattle, Buffaloes, Sheep, and Goats in China Based on Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors.

Tuberculosis is a zoonotic chronic respiratory infectious disease caused by the complex. The outbreak and epidemic of tuberculosis can seriously threaten human and veterinary health. To investigate the effects of environmental factors on tuberculosis in domestic ruminants, we collected data regarding the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats in China (1956-2024) from publicly published literature and available databases.

Dual-Phase Ligand Engineering Enables 18.21% FAPbI Quantum Dot Solar Cells.

Formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI) perovskite quantum dot (PQD) are promising candidate for high-performing quantum dot photovoltaic due to its narrow bandgap, high ambient stability, and long carrier lifetime. However, the carrier transport blockage and nonradiative recombination loss, originating from the high-dielectric ligands and defects/trap states on the FAPbI PQD surface, significantly limit the efficiency and stability of its photovoltaic performance. In this work, through exploring dual-site molecular ligands, namely 2-thiophenemethylammonium iodide (2-TM) and 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide (2-TE), a dual-phase synergistic ligand exchange (DSLE) protocol consisting of both solution-phase and solid-state ligand engineering is demonstrated.

Differential effects of Lactococcus starter cultures on Cheddar cheese: Insights from texture, electronic sensory, and metabolomics analyses.

Cheese-associated microbiota and their interactions are crucial in determining the properties of cheese. This study aimed to compare the effects of different starter cultures on Cheddar cheese production using texture analysis, electronic sensory evaluation, and both volatile and non-volatile metabolomics. Specifically, we examined Lactococcus lactis BL19 and Lactococcus cremoris LC99, both individually and in combination.

UOTe: Kondo-Interacting Topological Antiferromagnet in a Van der Waals Lattice.

Since the initial discovery of 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials, significant effort has been made to incorporate the three properties of magnetism, band structure topology, and strong electron correlations-to leverage emergent quantum phenomena and expand their potential applications. However, the discovery of a single vdW material that intrinsically hosts all three ingredients has remained an outstanding challenge. Here, the discovery of a Kondo-interacting topological antiferromagnet is reported in the vdW 5f electron system UOTe.

Bayesian Learning Aided Theoretical Optimization of IrPdPtRhRu High Entropy Alloy Catalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

The complex compositional space of high entropy alloys (HEAs) has shown a great potential to reduce the cost and further increase the catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by compositional optimization. Without uncovering the specifics of the HER mechanism on a given HEA surface, it is unfeasible to apply compositional modifications to enhance the performance and save costs. In this work, a combination of density functional theory and Bayesian machine learning is used to demonstrate the unique catalytic mechanism of IrPdPtRhRu HEA catalysts for HER.

Yunpi Xiefei Huatan Tang decoction reduces airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthmatic mice through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Background: Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic respiratory diseases among children, markedly impairing patient's health and imposing an increasing burden on the healthcare system. Several traditional Chinese medicines have demonstrated efficacy in alleviating asthma symptoms through studies conducted on animal models. Recent studies have shown that the Yunpi Xiefei Huatan Tang decoction (YPD) exhibits significant therapeutic outcomes in treating phlegm-obstructed pulmonary asthma.

The genome landscape of the Xinglong buffalo.

Background: Xinglong buffalo, as an indigenous breed in Hainan province of China, possesses characteristics such as high humidity tolerance, disease resistance and high reproductive capacity. Combined with whole genome sequencing technology, comprehensive investigation can be undertaken to elucidate the genomic characteristics, functions and genetic variation of Xinglong buffalo population.

Results: Xinglong buffalo has the highest genetic diversity, lowest runs of homozygosity average length, and fasted decay of linkage disequilibrium in our study population.

Surface-Reconstructed CdNNi Antiperovskite Electrocatalyst: Unlocking Ampere-Level Current Density for Hydrogen Evolution.

Developing conductive electrocatalysts is crucial for decreasing the ohmic loss induced by electric resistance of the catalyst layer in the large-current-density hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), which has been overlooked previously. In this study, we screen a highly conductive antiperovskite CdNNi with negligible ohmic loss, as a highly active and durable HER electrocatalyst capable of unlocking ampere-scale current densities. CdNNi exhibits an impressive activity (an overpotential of 235 mV) at 1 A cm and maintains its performance steadily at an ampere-scale current density (at 1 A cm over 400 h).