Crystallographic Customization of Zinc Anode for High Performance Aqueous Metal Batteries.

Aqueous zinc metal batteries (AZMBs) are an energy storage system that is expected to replace traditional lithium batteries. However, the practical application of AZMBs is hampered by some inherent drawbacks. Herein, an amino acid additive with a screening property is introduced.

Divergent changes in social stress-induced motivation in male and female mice.

Exposure to stressors has been shown to dysregulate motivated behaviors in a bidirectional manner over time. The relationship between stress and motivation is relevant to psychological disorders, including depression, binge eating, and substance use disorder; however, this relationship is not well characterized, especially in females, despite their increased risk of these disorders. Social defeat stress is a common model to study stress-induced motivation changes, however, historically this model excluded females due to lack of female-to-female aggression and unreliable male-to-female aggression.

Effect of structured lipids as dietary supplements on the fatty acid profile, carcass yield, blood chemistry, and abdominal fat deposition of female broilers.

An experiment was conducted to evalute the effects of adding palm olein (POL), modified palm olein (high degree of acyl migration palm olein, H-AMD), and lard (total fatty acid saturation degree is similar to palm olein) to the diet of broilers. The study assessed production performance, fatty acid absorption, and abdominal fat deposition. A total of 100 one-week-old female broiler chicks were randomly assigned to three-tiered pens and fed five experimental diets.

Stimulated Raman scattering and enhancement mechanisms in alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solutions under laser-induced dynamic pressure.

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in lithium hydroxide-water/heavy water (LiOH-HO/DO) solutions with varying concentrations was investigated under laser-induced high-pressure conditions using an Nd: YAG laser. The spectra revealed a significant enhancement in SRS signals, characterized by the emergence of low-wavenumber Raman peaks and a shift of the main SRS peak of liquid water to lower frequencies, evolving from a single peak to two or three peaks, which suggested the formation of an ice-like structure. Additionally, the normalized SRS intensity was higher than that of pure water.

Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acid and diacylglycerol on the crystallization behaviors of palm-based oil.

Diacylglycerol (DAG) is a novel functional structural lipid, but its application in base oils remains underexplored. This research investigated the effect of three liquid oils (groundnut oil, corn oil, and flaxseed oil), with varying polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (39.60, 69.

Strategy for predicting catalytic activity of catalysts with hierarchical nanostructures.

Three-dimensional hierarchical nanostructures have been employed as electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) to notably improve the catalytic performance. Hierarchical nanoscale porous electrodes face a trade-off: macroscale pores enhance mass transfer but reduce the number of active sites, while microscale pores increase the number of active sites at the cost of higher transport resistance. Careful design of these structures is crucial for balancing mass transfer and reaction dynamics.

Coherent Charge Transfer Reveals a Different Theoretical Limit of Power Conversion Efficiency in Organic Solar Cells.

The hopping charge transfer (CT) theory is used to explain the dynamics of traditional donor-acceptor (D-A) devices in organic solar cells (OSCs). But it is not applicable to the unconventional OSCs inspired by photosynthesis, referred to as Z-devices. In this study, we establish a universal heterojunction CT model in OSCs, based on the reported coherent CT in photosynthesis.

The CO electrolysing mechanism in single-phase mixed-conducting cathode of solid oxide cell.

In the field of solid oxide cells (SOC), unveiling the electrochemical reaction and transfer mechanisms in mixed ionic and electronic conducting (MIEC) electrodes is of great importance. Due to the chemical capacitance effects of MIEC materials, SOC often shows large capacitance current during electrochemical tests, which might interfere with the polarization behaviors. This work presents a numerical multiphysical model based on the transport of oxygen species, which accurately and concisely replicates the current-voltage curves of a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) with MIEC electrodes under various scanning rates.

Discovery of 1,2,3-triazole-based pleuromutilin derivatives as potent gram-positive antibacterial agents.

A novel class of pleuromutilin derivatives possessing 1,2,3-triazole as the linker connected to phenyl analogues were designed. The antibacterial properties of the prepared compounds were assessed in vitro against five strains (E. coli, S.

Aptamer-Functionalized Magnetic TiC Based Nanoplatform for Simultaneous Enrichment and Detection of Exosomes.

Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by cells, which play a crucial role in various pathological processes. Exosomes have shown great promise as tumor biomarkers because of the abundant secretion during tumor formation. The development of a convenient, efficient, and cost-effective method for simultaneously enriching and detecting exosomes is of utmost importance for both basic research and clinical applications.

Modeling and biological evaluation of pegmolesatide, a novel and potent erythropoiesis-stimulating agent.

Pegmolesatide, a synthetic, polyethylene-glycolylated, peptide-based erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA), has been recently approved in China. Pegmolesatide is derived from the structure of endogenous erythropoietin (EPO), a natural product in mammals. This study compared the effects and selectivity of pegmolesatide to those of recombinant EPO and carbamylated EPO (CEPO) through computer-aided analyses and biological tests.

The role of 14-3-3β in acute asthma in children and analysis of the risk factors for asthma exacerbation.

Objective: To investigate the role of 14-3-3β in acute asthma exacerbations in children and analyze the risk factors for asthma exacerbations.

Methods: This study recruited 101 children with acute asthma exacerbations, 101 children with stable asthma, and 65 healthy children. Serum 14-3-3β was compared among the three groups.

Impact of salt content on Douchi metabolites: biogenic amines, non-volatile compounds and volatile compounds.

Background: The excessive salt intake associated with Douchi has become a topic of controversy. Addressing this concern and enhancing its market competitiveness necessitates the application of salt reduction fermentation in Douchi. Therefore, to promote the application of salt reduction fermentation in Douchi, a comprehensive study was undertaken aiming to investigate the differences in biogenic amines, volatile compounds and non-volatile compounds in Douchi with varying salt content.

Impact of aroma-enhancing microorganisms on aroma attributes of industrial Douchi: An integrated analysis using E-nose, GC-IMS, GC-MS, and descriptive sensory evaluation.

In order to enhance the aromatic profile of industrial Douchi, a comprehensive investigation was undertaken to assess the impact of aroma-enhancing microorganisms on the sensory attributes of Douchi. This evaluation utilized a combination of analytical techniques, including electronic nose analysis, gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and descriptive sensory analysis (DA). Both GC-IMS and GC-MS revealed significant changes in the volatile composition of Douchi following the addition of aroma-enhancing microorganisms (p < 0.

Zwitterion Dual-Modification Strategy for High-Quality NiO and Perovskite Films for Solar Cells.

Nickel oxide (NiO) has been limited in use as a hole transport layer for its low conduction, surface defects, and redox reactions with the perovskite layer. To address these issues, the incorporation of zwitterion L-tryptophan (Trp) is proposed at the NiO/Trp interface. The carboxyl group of Trp effectively passivates the surface positive defects of NiO, thereby improving its optical and electrical properties.

Unveiling the Role of Fluorination in Hexacyclic Coordinated Ether Electrolytes for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries.

Fluorinated ethers have become promising electrolyte solvent candidates for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) because they are endowed with high oxidative stability and high Coulombic efficiencies of lithium metal stripping/plating. Up to now, most reported fluorinated ether electrolytes are -CF-based, and the influence of ion solvation in modifying degree of fluorination has not been well-elucidated. In this work, we synthesize a hexacyclic coordinated ether (1-methoxy-3-ethoxypropane, EMP) and its fluorinated ether counterparts with -CHF (F1EMP), -CHF (F2EMP), or -CF (F3EMP) as terminal group.

Lesion of NPY Receptor-expressing Neurons in Perifornical Lateral Hypothalamus Attenuates Glucoprivic Feeding.

Glucoprivic feeding is one of several counterregulatory responses (CRRs) that facilitates restoration of euglycemia following acute glucose deficit (glucoprivation). Our previous work established that glucoprivic feeding requires ventrolateral medullary (VLM) catecholamine (CA) neurons that coexpress neuropeptide Y (NPY). However, the connections by which VLM CA/NPY neurons trigger increased feeding are uncertain.

Synthesis of Superelastic, Highly Conductive Graphene Aerogel/Liquid Metal Foam and its Piezoresistive Application.

Graphene aerogel (GA) has important application potential as piezoresistive sensors due to its low density, high conductivity, high porosity, and good mechanical properties. However, the fabrication of GA-based sensors with good mechanical properties and excellent sensing performance is still challenging. Herein, liquid- metal-modified GAs (GA/LM) are proposed for the development of an excellent GA-based sensor.

Risk factors for the rupture of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The study aimed to identify potential risk factors for aneurysm rupture by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials And Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases for eligible studies from their inception until June 2023.

Results: Eighteen studies involving 17,069 patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) and 2,699 aneurysm ruptures were selected for the meta-analysis.