Correlations between serum hormones, strength and endurance in healthy elderly South-American men.

Aim: Declines in muscular strength resulting from reduced serum anabolic hormones and neural activity may influence the reduction in aerobic capacity in older men. However, there has been little investigation into the relationship between steroid hormones and muscular strength, as well as endurance capacity in elderly subjects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between serum steroid hormones, strength and aerobic performance in older men.

Macroprolactinemia in women with hyperprolactinemia: a 10-year follow-up.

Objectives: To determine the frequency of macroprolactinemia in a cohort of hyperprolactinemic women, describing 1) the association of macroprolactinemia with clinical variables and morphological changes in the pituitary gland and 2) clinical status and prolactin levels after 10 years of follow-up.

Design: Blood samples were obtained from 32 patients for hormonal assessment. Treatment with cabergoline or bromocriptine was interrupted 3 months before the determination of serum prolactin and macroprolactin.

Neuromuscular, hormonal, and metabolic responses to different plyometric training volumes in rugby players.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different volumes of plyometric exercise (i.e., 100, 200, or 300 hurdle jumps) on acute strength and jump performance and on the acute hormonal and lactate responses in rugby players.

Molecular aspects involved in swimming exercise training reducing anhedonia in a rat model of depression.

Patients suffering from depression frequently display hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) resulting in elevated cortisol levels. One main symptom of this condition is anhedonia. There is evidence that exercise training can be used as a rehabilitative intervention in the treatment of depressive disorders.

Effects of a highly palatable diet on lipid and glucose parameters, nitric oxide, and ectonucleotidases activity.

Obesity has reached epidemic proportions worldwide and is stimulated by the ready availability of food rich in fat and sugar (highly palatable diet). This type of diet increases the risks of obesity-associated pathologies, such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. Nitric oxide, a potent endogenous vasodilator, is decreased in these pathologies, mostly as a result of insulin resistance.

Neuromuscular economy, strength, and endurance in healthy elderly men.

Declines in muscular strength resulting from reduced neural activity may influence the reduction in aerobic capacity in older men. However, there has been little investigation into the relationship between muscular strength and economy of movement during aerobic exercise in elderly subjects. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between strength, aerobic performance, and neuromuscular economy in older men.

Physiological effects of concurrent training in elderly men.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of concurrent strength and endurance training on neuromuscular and hormonal parameters in elderly men. 23 healthy men (65±4 years) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: concurrent (CG, n=8), strength (SG, n=8) or endurance group (EG, n=7). The programs consisted, of strength training, endurance training on a cycle ergometer or a combination of both in the same session 3 times per week over a duration of 12 weeks.

Salivary hormonal responses to different water-based exercise protocols in young and elderly men.

Although adaptations to water-based resistance exercise and conventional water-based exercise have been investigated, little is known regarding acute anabolic and catabolic hormonal responses to these 2 types of exercise. The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute responses of salivary testosterone and cortisol to 2 water-based exercise protocols in which the different intensities were determined using Borg's perceived exertion scale. Ten young (24 +/- 2.

Salivary hormonal responses to resistance exercise in trained and untrained middle-aged men.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate if there are differences in salivary hormonal responses to resistance exercise between long-term strength-trained and untrained men.

Methods: Twenty-eight subjects were recruited to this study, matched into a strength-trained group (SG, N=13) and an untrained group (UG, N=15). Upper and lower body absolute muscle strength was measured through the one-repetition maximum (1-RM) test.

Antidepressant-like effects of melatonin in the mouse chronic mild stress model.

Melatonin is a hormone primarily synthesized by the pineal gland and has been shown to govern seasonal and circadian rhythms, as well as the immune system, certain behaviours, and responses to stress. Chronic exposure to stress is involved in the etiology of human depression, and depressed patients present changes in circadian and seasonal rhythms. This study investigated the effects of daily exogenous melatonin (1 and 10 mg/kg, p.

Hormonal responses to resistance exercise in long-term trained and untrained middle-aged men.

This cross-sectional study compared hormonal responses to resistance exercise between trained and untrained men to investigate the adaptations of the endocrine system to long-term strength training in middle-aged men. Twenty-one middle-aged men were recruited for this study and matched into a strength-trained group (SG) (n = 10) and an untrained group (UG) (n = 11). In the SG, the individuals had practiced strength training for hypertrophy for at least 3 years.

Effects of nonoral estradiol-micronized progesterone or low-dose oral estradiol-drospirenone therapy on metabolic variables and markers of endothelial function in early postmenopause.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of low-dose oral hormone therapy and nonoral hormone therapy on endothelial function markers and on anthropometric, metabolic, and hormonal variables in early postmenopausal women.

Design: Cross-over, randomized clinical trial.

Setting: Gynecological Endocrinology Unit.

Correlations between serum and salivary hormonal concentrations in response to resistance exercise.

The aim of present study was to examine the relationships between serum and salivary values of free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and cortisol before and after a session of resistance exercise. Twenty-eight healthy men (mean age 40 years, s = 4) participated in the present study. Serum and salivary samples were collected at rest and after a multiple-sets resistance exercise protocol, of approximately 25 minutes duration.

Relationship between endogenous testosterone and cardiovascular risk in early postmenopausal women.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among postmenopausal women. Changes in endothelial function play an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, and evidence suggests that interventions to improve endothelial function could modify the rates of progression and the risk of cardiovascular events. In addition, a positive association between markers of endothelial dysfunction and androgenicity has been described in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, suggesting a correlation with the early-onset endothelial dysfunction found in these patients.

Effects of Marapuama in the chronic mild stress model: further indication of antidepressant properties.

Ethnopharmacology Relevance: Ptychopetalum olacoides Bentham (PO) (Olacaceae), known as Marapuama, is regarded as a "nerve tonic" in the Amazon. Traditional uses include states of lassitude with noticeable lack of desire/motivation, and to manage particularly stressful (physical and/or psychological) circumstances. Suggestive of antidepressant activity, we have established that a specific PO ethanol extract (POEE) significantly decreases immobility in the tail suspension and forced swimming tests.

Changes in S100B cerebrospinal fluid levels of rats subjected to predator stress.

Predator stress is a type of psychogenic stress induced by an innate recognition of threat. S100B, a calcium-binding protein secreted by astrocytes, has been associated with neurotrophic or neurotoxic action in several neuropsychiatric disorders. It has been recently demonstrated that serum S100B levels in rats are increased after stress by immobilization [S.

Dehydroepiandrosterone increases synaptosomal glutamate release and improves the performance in inhibitory avoidance task.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) exerts multiple effects in the rodent central nervous system (CNS), mediated through its nongenomic actions on several neurotransmitter systems, increasing neuronal excitability, modulating neuronal plasticity and presenting neuroprotective properties. It has been demonstrated that DHEA is a potent modulator of GABA(A), NMDA and Sigma receptors. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DHEA on (i) basal- and K(+)-stimulated l-[(3)H]glutamate release from synaptosomes (both in vitro and ex vivo), (ii) synaptosomal l-[(3)H]glutamate uptake (in vitro), and (iii) an inhibitory avoidance task (in vivo).

Effect of DHEA glutamate release from synaptosomes of rats at different ages.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) exerts multiple effects in the central nervous system. Most of them seem to be mediated through their nongenomic actions on neurotransmitter receptors, and these actions occur within seconds or milliseconds. DHEA increases neuronal excitability, enhances neuronal plasticity, and has neuroprotective properties.

Plasma insulin levels are increased by sertraline in rats under oral glucose overload.

Recognition and control of depression symptoms are important to increase patient compliance with treatment and to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients. Clinical studies indicate that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are better antidepressants for diabetic patients than other drugs. However, preclinical trials have demonstrated that not all SSRI reduce plasma glucose levels.

Low-dose adrenocorticotropin test in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Adrenocortical insufficiency is a serious complication of AIDS. Usually, integrity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in AIDS patients is assessed by measuring basal cortisol levels and cortisol response to 250 microg of ACTH. Recent studies suggest that a lower ACTH dose increases the sensitivity of the procedure.

Spironolactone as a single agent for long-term therapy of hirsute patients.

Objective: To assess the androgen-suppressing effect of spironolactone, and the use of this drug as a single agent in the long-term therapy of hirsute patients with either polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or idiopathic hirsutism (IH). Standard cyproterone acetate (CPA) treatment was used to evaluate the results obtained with spironolactone.

Design: Prospective randomized study.

Daily variations of FSH, LH and testosterone response to intravenous luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (LRF) in normal men.

The responses of FSH, LH and testosterone to acute stimulation with synthetic LRF were studied in 6 healthy, fertile men aged 33.4 plus or minus 1.6 yr (X plus or minus SE).