Aim: The recently introduced Long-Axial-Field-of-View (LAFOV) PET-CT scanners allow for the first-time whole-body dynamic- and parametric imaging. Primary aim of this study was the comparison of direct and indirect Patlak imaging as well as the comparison of different time frames for Patlak calculation with the LAFOV PET-CT in oncological patients. Secondary aims of the study were lesion detectability and comparison of Patlak analysis with a two-tissue-compartment model (2TCM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently developed long axial field of view (LAFOV) PET-CT scanners, including total body scanners, are already in use in a few centers worldwide. These systems have some major advantages over standard axial field of view (SAFOV) PET-CT scanners, mainly due to up to 20 times higher sensitivity and therefore improved lesion detectability. Other advantages are the reduction of the PET acquisition time for a static whole-body measurement, the reduction of the administered radiotracer dose, and the ability to perform delayed scans with good image quality, which is important for imaging radionuclides with long half-lives and pharmaceuticals with long biodistribution times, such as Zr-labeled antibodies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly heterogeneous disease with wide variations in patient outcome. [F]FDG PET/CT can provide prognostic information in MM, but it is hampered by issues regarding standardization of scan interpretation. Our group has recently demonstrated the feasibility of automated, volumetric assessment of bone marrow (BM) metabolic activity on PET/CT using a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based tool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: In addition to significant improvements in sensitivity and image quality, the recent introduction of long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT scanners has enabled dynamic whole-body imaging for the first time. We aim herein to determine an appropriate acquisition time range for static low-dose [F]PSMA-1007 PET imaging and to investigate the whole-body pharmacokinetics of [F]PSMA-1007 by dynamic PET with the LAFOV Biograph Vision Quadra PET/CT in a group of prostate cancer patients.
Methodology: In total, 38 prostate cancer patients were enrolled in the analysis for staging or re-staging purposes.
Purpose: [F]FDG PET/CT is an imaging modality of high performance in multiple myeloma (MM). Nevertheless, the inter-observer reproducibility in PET/CT scan interpretation may be hampered by the different patterns of bone marrow (BM) infiltration in the disease. Although many approaches have been recently developed to address the issue of standardization, none can yet be considered a standard method in the interpretation of PET/CT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
September 2023
Long axial field of view (LAFOV) PET-CT scanners have been recently developed and are already in clinical use in few centers worldwide. Although still limited, the hitherto acquired experience with these novel systems highlights an increased sensitivity as their main advantage, which results in an increased lesion detectability. This attribute, alternatively, allows a reduction in PET acquisition time and/or administered radiotracer dose, while it renders delayed scanning of satisfying diagnostic accuracy possible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetastatic Melanoma (MM) is an aggressive type of cancer which produces metastases throughout the body with very poor survival rates. Recent advances in immunotherapy have shown promising results for controlling disease's progression. Due to the often rapid progression, fast and accurate diagnosis and treatment response assessment is vital for the whole patient management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
March 2023
Nuclear medicine imaging modalities, and in particular positron emission tomography (PET), provide functional images that demonstrate the mean radioactivity distribution at a defined point in time. With the help of mathematical model's, it is possible to depict isolated parameters of the radiotracers' pharmacokinetics and to visualize them. These so called parametric images add a new dimension to the existing conventional PET images and provide more detailed information about the tracer distribution over time and space.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLongitudinal whole-body PET-CT scans with F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) in patients suffering from metastatic melanoma were analyzed and the tracer distribution in patients was compared with that of healthy controls. Nineteen patients with metastatic melanoma were scanned before, after two and after four cycles of treatment with PD-1 inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) applied as monotherapy or as combination treatment with ipilimumab. For comparison eight healthy controls were analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: In an attempt to identify biomarkers that can reliably predict long-term outcomes to immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma, we investigated the prognostic role of [F]FDG PET/CT, performed at baseline and early during the course of anti-PD-1 treatment.
Methods: Twenty-five patients with stage IV melanoma, scheduled for treatment with PD-1 inhibitors, were enrolled in the study (pembrolizumab, n = 8 patients; nivolumab, n = 4 patients; nivolumab/ipilimumab, 13 patients). [F]FDG PET/CT was performed before the start of treatment (baseline PET/CT) and after the initial two cycles of PD-1 blockade administration (interim PET/CT).
Dynamic PET (dPET) studies have been used until now primarily within research purposes. Although it is generally accepted that the information provided by dPET is superior to that of conventional static PET acquisitions acquired usually 60 min post injection of the radiotracer, the duration of dynamic protocols, the limited axial field of view (FOV) of current generation clinical PET systems covering a relatively small axial extent of the human body for a dynamic measurement, and the complexity of data evaluation have hampered its implementation into clinical routine. However, the development of new-generation PET/CT scanners with an extended FOV as well as of more sophisticated evaluation software packages that offer better segmentation algorithms, automatic retrieval of the arterial input function, and automatic calculation of parametric imaging, in combination with dedicated shorter dynamic protocols, will facilitate the wider use of dPET.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs a typical biomedical detection task, nuclei detection has been widely used in human health management, disease diagnosis and other fields. However, the task of cell detection in microscopic images is still challenging because the nuclei are commonly small and dense with many overlapping nuclei in the images. In order to detect nuclei, the most important key step is to segment the cell targets accurately.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aims to discuss the operative skills of hysteroscopic tubal embolization and reduce the occurrence of complications.Ninety-four patients were divided into group A and group B. The main surgical technique in group A: when the inner sleeve is sent to the fallopian tube and no longer accessible (but no >3 cm), remove the guide wire and put into the microcoil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Transcriptomic profiling has enabled the neater genomic characterization of several cancers, among them colorectal cancer (CRC), through the derivation of genes with enhanced causal role and informative gene sets. However, the identification of small-sized gene signatures, which can serve as potential biomarkers in CRC, remains challenging, mainly due to the great genetic heterogeneity of the disease.
Methods: We developed and exploited an analytical framework for the integrative analysis of CRC datasets, encompassing transcriptomic data and positron emission tomography (PET) measurements.
Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
October 2018
Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT performed 60 min post tracer injection (p.i.) can underestimate prostate cancer (PC) local recurrence, due to high Ga-PSMA-11 urinary bladder accumulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Improvement of the therapeutic approaches in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) by the introduction of targeted therapies requires appropriate diagnostic tools, which allow sufficient assessment of therapeutic response, including differentiation of true progression from pseudoprogression due to myxoid degeneration or intratumoral hemorrhage. In this literature review the impact and limitations of different imaging modalities used in GIST therapy monitoring are discussed.
Methods: PubMed and Cochrane library search were performed using appropriate keywords.
A variety of compartment models are used for the quantitative analysis of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) data. Traditionally, these models use an iterative fitting (IF) method to find the least squares between the measured and calculated values over time, which may encounter some problems such as the overfitting of model parameters and a lack of reproducibility, especially when handling noisy data or error data. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) based kinetic modeling method is introduced, which can fully utilize a historical reference database to build a moderate kinetic model directly dealing with noisy data but not trying to smooth the noise in the image.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The aim of our study is to assess the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Ga-PSMA-11 in patients suffering from primary prostate cancer (PC) by means of dynamic and whole-body PET/CT.
Materials And Methods: Twenty-four patients with primary, previously untreated PC were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent dynamic PET/CT (dPET/CT) scanning of the pelvis and whole-body PET/CT studies with Ga-PSMA-11.
Background: PET/CT with F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) images of patients suffering from metastatic melanoma have been analysed using fractal and multifractal analysis to assess the impact of monoclonal antibody ipilimumab treatment with respect to therapy outcome.
Results: Thirty-one cases of patients suffering from metastatic melanoma have been scanned before and after two and after four cycles of treatment. For each patient, we calculated the fractal and multifractal dimensions using the box-counting method on the digitalised PET/CT images of all three studies to assess the therapeutic outcome.
Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging
November 2015
PET/MRI represents a promising hybrid imaging modality with several potential clinical applications. Although PET/MRI seems highly attractive in the diagnostic approach of multiple myeloma (MM), its role has not yet been evaluated. The aims of this prospective study are to evaluate the feasibility of (18)F-FDG PET/MRI in detection of MM lesions, and to investigate the reproducibility of bone marrow lesions detection and quantitative data of (18)F-FDG uptake between the functional (PET) component of PET/CT and PET/MRI in MM patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypoxia is an important resistance factor in radiotherapy and measuring its spatial distribution in tumors non-invasively is therefore of major importance. This study characterizes the hypoxic conditions of three tumor sublines (AT1, HI and H) of the Dunning R3327 prostate tumor model, which differ in histology, differentiation degree, volume doubling time and androgenic sensitivity, using dynamic Fluoromisonidazole ((18)F-FMISO)-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET-CT) and histology. Measurements were performed for two tumor volumes (average 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The value of F-FDG PET in the diagnostic approach of multiple myeloma (MM) remains incompletely elicited. Little is known about the kinetics of F-FDG in the bone marrow and extramedullary sites in MM. This study aimed to evaluate quantitative data on kinetics and distribution patterns of F-FDG in MM patients with regard to pelvic bone marrow plasma cell infiltration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Ipilimumab is a newly approved immunotherapeutic agent that has been shown to provide a survival benefit in patients with metastatic melanoma. (18)F-FDG PET/CT has demonstrated very satisfying results in detecting melanoma metastases in general. Using (18)F-FDG PET/CT we monitored patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing ipilimumab therapy during the course of treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The aim of the current study was to measure and compare the effect of various biomaterials for the healing of osteoporotic bone defects in the rat femur using 18F-sodium fluoride dPET-CT.
Material And Methods: Osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy and a calcium-restricted diet. After 3 months, rats were operated on to create a 4-mm wedge-shaped defect in the distal metaphyseal femur.