Role of Melatonin Receptors in Hyperthermia-Induced Acute Seizure Model of Rats.

Melatonin is a neurohormone that has anticonvulsant activity in different experimental seizure models including hyperthermic febrile seizure. However, the mechanisms of this effect are not clear at the receptor level. The aim of the study was to determine which melatonin receptors involve in the hyperthermic febrile seizure model.

Effect of melatonin on cytokine levels in a hyperthermia-induced febrile seizure model.

Higher serum cytokine levels have been reported in children admitted with febrile seizures and in some experimental models. However, other studies have shown that cytokine levels are influenced by melatonin. In this study, we investigated serum cytokine levels in a hyperthermia-induced febrile rat seizure model and the effect of melatonin.

Evaluation of smoking cessation practice by physicians for hospitalized patients in a tertiary hospital.

Objective: To investigate physicians' smoking cessation practice, consultation for smoking intervention for hospitalised patients and its determinants.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Duzce University Hospital, Duzce, Turkey, from January to April 2013, and comprised hospitalised patients. The survey, including smoking habits and 5As (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange) steps of smoking intervention practiced by physicians was applied to those patients discharged from the hospital.

[Investigation of Mycobacterium bovis subsp. bovis among the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated in Düzce Province, Turkey].

Throughout the history of mankind, tuberculosis (TB) has caused serious illness and still continues to do so. Archaeobiological studies indicated that TB in humans dates back to 4000-8000 BC, and cases were shown to be due to Mycobacterium bovis subsp.bovis rather than Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Axonal Regeneration through Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting in a Rat Model of Facial Paralysis.

Background: Cross-face nerve grafting combined with functional muscle transplantation has become the standard in reconstructing an emotionally controlled smile in complete irreversible facial palsy. However, the efficacy of this procedure depends on the ability of regenerating axons to breach two nerve coaptations and reinnervate endplates in denervated muscle. The current study tested the hypothesis that adipose-derived stem cells would enhance axonal regeneration through a cross-facial nerve graft and thereby enhance recovery of the facial nerve function.

Anticonvulsant efficacy of melatonin in an experimental model of hyperthermic febrile seizures.

Introduction: The anticonvulsant effects of melatonin (MT) have been demonstrated in several different experimental seizure models. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the anticonvulsant efficacy of MT, the optimum time for its administration prior to the induction of a seizure, and its effective dose in a rat model of hyperthermic febrile seizures (FSs).

Methods: The present study included 72 male Sprague-Dawley rat pups divided into eight groups.

Comparison of smoking habits, knowledge, attitudes and tobacco control interventions between primary care physicians and nurses.

Background: Primary care providers are uniquely positioned to initiate smoking cessation. We aimed to evaluate knowledge levels about the health effects of smoking and attitudes toward smoking and tobacco control activities among primary care providers.

Methods: In the cross-sectional and primary care-based study, self-administered surveys modified from the WHO Global Health Professional Survey 5A steps of smoking cessation practice (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange) were provided to primary care physicians (PCPhs) and nurses (PCNs).

An unusual cause of recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax: the Mounier-Kuhn syndrome.

We present a case of 63-year-old man who was referred to the emergency department with a right-sided pneumothorax. He had a history of spontaneous pneumothorax for 2 times. The chest computed tomographic scan showed tracheobronchomegaly with an increase in the diameter of the trachea and right and left main bronchus.

Polyphasic Temporal Behavior of Finger-Tapping Performance: A Measure of Motor Skills and Fatigue.

Successive voluntary motor movement involves a number of physiological mechanisms and may reflect motor skill development and neuromuscular fatigue. In this study, the temporal behavior of finger tapping was investigated in relation to motor skills and fatigue by using a long-term computer-based test. The finger-tapping performances of 29 healthy male volunteers were analyzed using linear and nonlinear regression models established for inter-tapping interval.

Evaluation of post-graduate training effect on smoking cessation practice and attitudes of family physicians towards tobacco control.

Objective: Family physicians (FPs) are cornerstone for tobacco control. It was aimed to compare the effect of training on their smoking cessation practice, knowledge level and attitudes towards smoking and tobacco control.

Methods And Materials: The cross-sectional and multi-centered study was carried out using structured survey modified WHO based questionnaire.

Spectrum and prevalence of nodular thyroid diseases detected by ultrasonography in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate thyroid diseases and the prevalence of goiter by ultrasonography (US) in a moderately iodine deficient area.

Material-methods: The MELEN Study is a prospective cohort study on the prevalence of thyroid diseases in Turkish adults. A total of 2233 subjects with a mean age of 50 (age range 18 to 92) were submitted to study.

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is widely accepted as a treatment for air or gas embolism, carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning, clostridial myonecrosis, crush injuries, and thermal burns. To the best of our knowledge, after HBO therapy, atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been reported in the literature yet. We herein describe a case of AF that occurred in a woman who had taken HBO therapy for CO poisoning.

Evaluation of smoking habits among Turkish family physicians.

Smoking is still a major public health problem in Turkey. It was aimed to investigate smoking prevalence and habits among Turkish family physicians. Cross-sectional study among physicians working in primary care settings was established.

The benefit of expiratory-phase quantitative CT densitometry in the early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the inspiratory and expiratory quantitative computed tomography (CT) densitometric data of healthy volunteers, individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk, and COPD patients to aid in the early diagnosis of COPD.

Materials And Methods: Of the study patients, 14 were healthy volunteers (Group I), 12 were patients at risk for COPD (Group II), and 13 were COPD patients (Group III). The high-resolution CT was performed at three levels (the upper, middle, and lower parts of the lungs).

An unusual presentation of bee sting: subarachnoid hemorrhagia.

A person consists of a variety of immune reactions as a result of bee stings, depending on his/her immunologic structure. A 49-year-old male patient was brought to the emergency department because of generalized tonic clonic seizure and loss of consciousness after an hour of wild bee bite from the anterior abdomen in a rural area. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, he was admitted to intensive care unit.

Echocardiographic manifestations of pandemic 2009 (H1N1) influenza a virus infection.

Unlabelled: SUMMARY AIM: The prevalence of myocardial involvement in influenza infection ranges from 0% to 12% depending on the diagnostic criteria used to define myocarditis. Whether such an association holds for the novel influenza A strain, pandemic-2009-H1N1, remains unknown. The aim of this present study is to evaluate the cardiovascular manifestations of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza A (pH1N1) by using standard echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI).

Influences of hypertonic and hypovolemic treatments on vasopressin response in propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hypothyroid rat and effect on supplementation with L-thyroxine.

This study was performed to investigate the effects of L-thyroxine treatment on plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels in rats with hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU). Animals were separated into three groups each having 6 rats: control, PTU, PTU+L-thyroxine groups. Then, the groups were further divided into 3 sub-groups including 6 rats (a; basal, b; hypertonic stimulated and c; hypovolemic stimulated).

Effects of hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin administration on lipid peroxidation in various rat tissues.

Thyroid dysfunctions are associated with many pathological signs in the body. One of these is lipid peroxidation that develops due to over- or under-secretion of thyroid hormones. The present study was conducted to determine lipid peroxidation that develops in different tissues including the brain, liver and heart of rats in experimental hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxin.

Melatonin prevents oxidant damage in various tissues of rats with hyperthyroidism.

Impairment of thyroid functions brings about pathological changes in different organs of body. Findings of in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that thyroid hormones have a considerable impact on oxidative stress. Melatonin reduces oxidative damage through its free radical eliminating and direct anti-oxidant effects.

Pinealectomy inhibits antioxidant system in rats with hyperthyroidism.

Objective: Thyroid hormones regulate energy metabolism and act on the mitochondria, which is an important source of free radicals in the cell. Reactive oxygen types play a significant role in physiological mechanisms, but in excessive amounts they can cause oxidative damage in molecules. The aim of the present study was to determine levels of lipid peroxidation caused by induced hyperthyroidism in cerebral, hepatic and cardiac tissues of pinealectomized rats.

Hyperthyroidism causes lipid peroxidation in kidney and testis tissues of rats: protective role of melatonin.

Objective: The present study aimed at determining how 3-week intraperitoneal melatonin administration affected oxidative stress caused by experimental hyperthyroidism.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted on 30 male rats of Sprague-Dawley species. The experimental animals were divided to 3 groups (control, hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism+melatonin).

Pinealectomy increases oxidant damage in kidney and testis caused by hyperthyroidism in rats.

Thyroid hormones regulate energy metabolism and act on mitochondria which are an important source of free radicals in the cell. The pineal gland activates antioxidant systems via melatonin secretion and thus has a protective function in body tissues. The present study was conducted to determine the oxidative damage caused by hyperthyroidism in kidney and testis tissues of pinealectomized rats.