HRR as a predictor of lung health: insights from the NHANES database.

Background: Chronic respiratory diseases (CRPD) are a global health threat characterized by oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, and respiratory distress. Inflammatory indicators such as hemoglobin-to-red blood cell distribution width ratio (HRR) have been explored in relation to diseases of the respiratory system, but the correlation between HRR and pulmonary function has not been established. As part of this study, a representative sample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) respondents aged 40 or over was used to examine the correlation between HRR and pulmonary function indices.

Integrating multi-omics data to reveal the host-microbiota interactome in inflammatory bowel disease.

Numerous studies have accelerated the knowledge expansion on the role of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the precise mechanisms behind host-microbe cross-talk remain largely undefined, due to the complexity of the human intestinal ecosystem and multiple external factors. In this review, we introduce the concept to systematically summarize how intestinal dysbiosis is involved in IBD pathogenesis in terms of microbial composition, functionality, genomic structure, transcriptional activity, and downstream proteins and metabolites.

Global Burden of Iodine Deficiency: Insights and Projections to 2050 Using XGBoost and SHAP.

Iodine deficiency (ID) poses a significant global public health challenge. This study aimed to analyze trends from 1990 to 2021 and project future patterns ≤2050 using the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model, with Shapley additive explanations (SHAP), to identify key factors and inform public health strategies. Data on ID from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study were used to model and predict its burden ≤2050 using XGBoost, with SHAP enhancing model interpretability.

NT5E (CD73) as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target associated with immune infiltration in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common type of lung cancer, is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. NT5E, an ecto-5'-nucleotidase enzyme, has been implicated in cancer progression, particularly in efferocytosis. Despite its potential involvement, the prognostic significance of NT5E and relationship with immune cell infiltration in LUAD have not been extensively explored.

Short-term and long-term outcomes of lung transplantation from marginal donors: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: To expand the donor pool, medical centers worldwide are applying marginal donor lungs in clinical settings. We carried out this research to reveal the short-term and long-term outcomes of marginal lung donor transplantation.

Methods: We performed retrospective research using data from patients who underwent lung transplantation (LT) in The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province, China, between 2018 and 2022 to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of standard donors and marginal donors.

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Is Associated With Type 1 Diabetes: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: The pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains unclear; previous studies revealed the underlying connection between IPF and diabetes, but there is no consensual opinion. This study is aimed at examining the association between Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and IPF using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Method: In our two-sample MR study, we selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are strongly associated with T1D in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from IEU (dataset: ebi-a-GCST005536) and obtained their corresponding effect estimates on T1D risk in an IPF GWAS from IEU (dataset: finn-b-IPF).

Two-way role of boron in microalgal-bacterial granular sludge: Enhanced signal communication for efficient metabolism.

Based on the crucial role of boron in the metabolism of algae and bacteria, this study aimed to investigate the effects of boron on microalgae-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) system. The addition of boron stimulated the secretion of autoinducer-2 to promote bacterial quorum sensing, which increased the extracellular polymeric substances production by more than 12.5 %.

Subclinical damage to the contralateral eye in unilateral optic neuritis: A longitudinal study.

Background: Early detection of subclinical injuries can lead to a correct diagnosis and help control the advancement of the condition. This study aims to investigate the presence of subclinical damage and silent progression to the contralateral eye's visual function and structure in patients experiencing their first episode of unilateral optic neuritis (ON).

Methods: Fifty patients with first-onset unilateral ON were enrolled in this study.