Advantages of eliminating the cataract surgery post-operative day 1 appointment in a rural practice.

Introduction: We sought to streamline cataract surgery post-operative care when COVID-19 hit by discontinuing the 1-day post-operative visit. We wanted to know if this change was safe and beneficial to our patients by reducing patients' time and transportation burden, opening appointment slots allowing providers to see more patients and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By minimising intraoperative use of dispersive viscoelastic, increasing irrigation/aspiration time at the end of the surgery and using intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medications such as carbachol, brimonidine and acetazolamide routinely, we posit that post-operative day 1 IOP spikes can be avoided, thereby eliminating the need for the 1st post-operative day visit.

Drug efflux and lipid A modification by 4-L-aminoarabinose are key mechanisms of polymyxin B resistance in the sepsis pathogen Enterobacter bugandensis.

Objectives: A concern with the ESKAPE pathogen, Enterobacter bugandensis, and other species of the Enterobacter cloacae complex, is the frequent appearance of multidrug resistance against last-resort antibiotics, such as polymyxins.

Methods: Here, we investigated the responses to polymyxin B (PMB) in two PMB-resistant E. bugandensis clinical isolates by global transcriptomics and deletion mutagenesis.

Enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab as monotherapies and combination treatment in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A narrative review.

Background: Bladder cancer is the 10th most common cancer globally. The majority of bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas (UCs), which, if locally advanced or metastatic, carry poor long-term prognosis. Cancer cells can evade the immune system by expressing the programmed cell death ligand 1 protein (PD-L1).

Utilisation and valorisation of distillery whisky waste streams biomass electrolysis: electrosynthesis of hydrogen.

Fuel-flexible hydrogen generation methods, such as electrochemical conversion of biomass, offer a route for sustainable production of hydrogen whilst valorising feedstocks that are often overlooked as waste products. This work explores the potential of a novel, two-stage electrolysis process to convert biomass-containing solid (draff/spent barley) and liquid (pot ale and spent lees) whisky co-products, from the Isle of Raasay Distillery, into hydrogen, using a phosphomolybdic acid (H[PMoO] or PMA) catalyst. Characterisation results for whisky distillery co-products will be presented, including thermogravimetric, differential scanning calorimetric, CHN elemental, total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand analysis data.

Polymyxin Resistance and Heteroresistance Are Common in Clinical Isolates of Species and Correlate with Modifications of the Lipid A Moiety of Lipopolysaccharide.

The genus includes opportunistic pathogens that can cause chronic infections in immunocompromised patients, especially in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Treatment of infections is complicated by antimicrobial resistance. In this study, a collection of clinical isolates, from CF and non-CF sources, was investigated for polymyxin B (PmB) resistance.

Rapid and specific degradation of endogenous proteins in mouse models using auxin-inducible degrons.

Auxin-inducible degrons are a chemical genetic tool for targeted protein degradation and are widely used to study protein function in cultured mammalian cells. Here, we develop CRISPR-engineered mouse lines that enable rapid and highly specific degradation of tagged endogenous proteins in vivo. Most but not all cell types are competent for degradation.

The role of protein complexes in human genetic disease.

Many human genetic disorders are caused by mutations in protein-coding regions of DNA. Taking protein structure into account has therefore provided key insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying human genetic disease. Although most studies have focused on the intramolecular effects of mutations, the critical role of the assembly of proteins into complexes is being increasingly recognized.

Selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes using an electrogenerated polyoxometalate redox mediator.

The 2-electron reduced form of the polyoxometalate silicotungstic acid (H[SiWO]) is shown to be an effective and selective hydrogenation agent for a range of nitroarenes without the need for any co-catalyst. The ease of generation of the active species and its recyclability suggest that a new approach to this important class of chemical conversions is possible.