Baseline Psychosocial, Environmental, Health, and Behavioral Correlates of 1- and 3-Year Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery.

Purpose: Weight loss surgery is an effective, long-term treatment for severe obesity but individual response to surgery varies widely. The purpose of this study was to test a comprehensive theoretical model of factors that may be correlated with the greatest surgical weight loss at 1-3 years following surgery. Such a model would help determine what predictive factors to measure when patients are preparing for surgery that may ensure the best weight outcomes.

An antibiotic from an uncultured bacterium binds to an immutable target.

Antimicrobial resistance is a leading mortality factor worldwide. Here, we report the discovery of clovibactin, an antibiotic isolated from uncultured soil bacteria. Clovibactin efficiently kills drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial pathogens without detectable resistance.

Benefits of expanding behavioral health screening in a pediatric diabetes clinic to include anxiety and caregiver reports in youth 12 years and younger.

Introduction: Depression and anxiety among youth with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) are associated with poor diabetes management. Further guidance regarding psychosocial screening measures would benefit pediatric integrated care clinics. The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine whether screening for anxiety, assessing caregiver reports, and screening children 12 years old and younger could identify a larger percentage of youth who may benefit from behavioral health support compared to the standard approach of only screening youth 13 and older for depression.

A sum of its parts: A systematic review evaluating biopsychosocial and behavioral determinants of perinatal depression.

Introduction: Depression is one of the most common yet underdiagnosed perinatal complications and our understanding of the pathophysiology remains limited. Though perinatal depression is considered to have a multifactorial etiology, integrative approaches to investigation are minimal. This review takes an integrative approach to systematically evaluate determinants and potential interactions among determinants of perinatal depression across four domains (i.

ParSe 2.0: A web tool to identify drivers of protein phase separation at the proteome level.

We have developed an algorithm, ParSe, which accurately identifies from the primary sequence those protein regions likely to exhibit physiological phase separation behavior. Originally, ParSe was designed to test the hypothesis that, for flexible proteins, phase separation potential is correlated to hydrodynamic size. While our results were consistent with that idea, we also found that many different descriptors could successfully differentiate between three classes of protein regions: folded, intrinsically disordered, and phase-separating intrinsically disordered.

Risks of adverse childhood experiences on healthcare utilization and outcomes in early childhood.

Background: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends all pediatricians to be ready to implement trauma-informed care, including the mitigation of impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) through screening and identification of at-risk population. Reliable survey tools and knowledge of the consequences of ACEs are needed.

Objective: This study examines the healthcare utilization and diagnoses captured in insurance claims in association with the number of ACEs recorded by the Family Map Inventories (FMI).

A new laboratory method to study the impact of leaf texture on pesticide dislodgeable foliar residues (DFR).

Pesticides are vital in meeting the challenge of feeding the rapidly increasing world population. However, it is crucial that they are used in a way that does not compromise the safety of humans or the environment. Non-dietary worker risk assessments consider the amount of residue which can be transferred from plant foliage to the skin or clothes, known as dislodgeable foliar residues (DFRs).

Genetic Testing and Other Healthcare Use by Black and White Individuals in a Genomic Sequencing Study.

Introduction: Early adopters play a critical role in the diffusion of medical innovations by spreading awareness, increasing acceptability, and driving demand. Understanding the role of race in the context of other characteristics of potential early adopters can shed light on disparities seen in the early implementation of genomic medicine. We aimed to understand the association between self-identified race and individual experience with genetic testing outside of the research context.

Rare Case of Chronic Unreduced Shoulder Dislocation: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Chronic unreduced shoulder dislocations (CUSDs) are rare with a prevalence of 0.10-0.18%, usually occurring after car crashes, falls, assaults, getting out of bed, and seizures.

Breast Cancer Risk, Coffee Consumption, and Postdiagnosis Survival.

This short review summarizes two studies that explore the association between coffee consumption, breast cancer, and mortality. The researchers found possible protective effects of coffee consumption and no association between coffee and increased risk of breast cancer. Nurses can help women who consume coffee to understand the current research regarding the relationship between coffee consumption, breast cancer risk, and mortality.

Doppler identified venous congestion in septic shock: protocol for an international, multi-centre prospective cohort study (Andromeda-VEXUS).

Introduction: Venous congestion is a pathophysiological state where high venous pressures cause organ oedema and dysfunction. Venous congestion is associated with worse outcomes, particularly acute kidney injury (AKI), for critically ill patients. Venous congestion can be measured by Doppler ultrasound at the bedside through interrogation of the inferior vena cava (IVC), hepatic vein (HV), portal vein (PV) and intrarenal veins (IRV).

Exercise-induced changes to the fiber type-specific redox state in human skeletal muscle are associated with aerobic capacity.

The benefits of exercise involve skeletal muscle redox state alterations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). We determined the fiber-specific effects of acute exercise on the skeletal muscle redox state in healthy adults. Muscle biopsies were obtained from 19 participants (11 M, 8 F; 26 ± 4 yr) at baseline (fasted) and 30 min and 3 h after treadmill exercise at 80% maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o).

SARS-CoV-2 infections in migrants and the role of household overcrowding: a causal mediation analysis of Virus Watch data.

Background: Migrants are over-represented in SARS-CoV-2 infections globally; however, evidence is limited for migrants in England and Wales. Household overcrowding is a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, with migrants more likely to live in overcrowded households than UK-born individuals. We aimed to estimate the total effect of migration status on SARS-CoV-2 infection and to what extent household overcrowding mediated this effect.

Structural insights into the mechanism of overcoming Erm-mediated resistance by macrolides acting together with hygromycin-A.

The ever-growing rise of antibiotic resistance among bacterial pathogens is one of the top healthcare threats today. Although combination antibiotic therapies represent a potential approach to more efficiently combat infections caused by susceptible and drug-resistant bacteria, only a few known drug pairs exhibit synergy/cooperativity in killing bacteria. Here, we discover that well-known ribosomal antibiotics, hygromycin A (HygA) and macrolides, which target peptidyl transferase center and peptide exit tunnel, respectively, can act cooperatively against susceptible and drug-resistant bacteria.

Cancer-related cognitive impairment in racial and ethnic minority groups: a scoping review.

Purpose: Disparities in cognitive function among racial and ethnic groups have been reported in non-cancer conditions, but cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) in racial and ethnic minority groups is poorly understood. We aimed to synthesize and characterize the available literature about CRCI in racial and ethnic minority populations.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review in the PubMed, PsycInfo, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases.

A Technology-Driven, Healthcare-Based Intervention to Improve Family Beverage Choices: Results from a Pilot Randomized Trial in the United States.

Healthcare-based interventions to address sugary beverage intake could achieve broad reach, but intensive in-person interventions are unsustainable in clinical settings. Technology-based interventions may provide an alternative, scalable approach. Within an academic health system in the United States that already performs electronic health record-based sugary drink screening, we conducted a pilot randomized trial of a technology-driven family beverage choice intervention.

Masculinity Threats Sequentially Arouse Public Discomfort, Anger, and Positive Attitudes Toward Sexual Violence.

Three experiments ( = 943) tested whether men (but not women) responded to gender threats with increased concern about how one looks in the eyes of others (i.e., public discomfort) and subsequent anger that, in turn, predicted attitudes about sexual violence.

Estimated Prevalence and Awareness of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among US Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, January 2017-March 2020.

During January 2017-March 2020, approximately 2.2 million noninstitutionalized civilian US adults had hepatitis C; one-third were unaware of their infection. Prevalence was substantially higher among persons who were uninsured or experiencing poverty.

Parenchymal volume analysis to assess longitudinal functional decline following partial nephrectomy.

Objective: To identify factors associated with longitudinal ipsilateral functional decline after partial nephrectomy (PN).

Patients And Methods: Of 1140 patients managed with PN (2012-2014), 349 (31%) had imaging/serum creatinine levels pre-PN, 1-12 months post-PN (new baseline), and >3 years later necessary for inclusion. Parenchymal-volume analysis was used to determine split renal function.

Systemic Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatories for Analgesia in Postoperative Critical Care Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials.

Unlabelled: While opioids are part of usual care for analgesia in the ICU, there are concerns regarding excess use. This is a systematic review of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use in postoperative critical care adult patients.

Data Sources: We searched Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica database, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, trial registries, Google Scholar, and relevant systematic reviews through March 2023.

Posttraumatic sleep disturbances in veterans: A pilot randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and imagery rehearsal therapy.

Objectives: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with sleep disturbances including insomnia and nightmares. This study compared cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) with CBT-I combined with imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) for nightmares to evaluate if the combined treatment led to greater reductions in trauma-related sleep disturbances in Australian veterans.

Methods: Veterans with diagnosed PTSD, high insomnia symptom severity, and nightmares (N = 31) were randomized to eight group CBT-I sessions or eight group CBT-I + IRT sessions.