One Piece Immediately Loaded Implants Versus 1 Piece or 2 Pieces Delayed: 3 Years Outcome.

Purpose: To compare time-dependent outcome of immediately loaded 1-piece (1P) implants with delayed loaded 1P and 2-piece (2P) implants.

Materials And Methods: A cohort of 33 patients divided into 3 groups: group A, 13 patients, 49 immediately placed and loaded 1P implants; group B, 11 patients, immediately placed and delayed loaded 1P implants; and group C, 10 patients, 39 2P implants delayed placed and loaded in a two-stage procedure. Marginal bone loss (MBL) was analyzed using x-ray radiography every 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years.

Fluoride ion release and solubility of fluoride enriched interim cements.

Statement Of Problem: Interim and definitive restorations cemented with interim cements for a prolonged interval are susceptible to bacterial infiltration and caries formation.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the long-term fluoride release and solubility of aged ZnO-based interim cements enriched separately with 0.4% NaF and SnF2.

The effects of in vitro fluoride mouth rinse on the antibacterial properties of orthodontic cements.

Objectives: To investigate the ability of orthodontic cements to regain their antibacterial effect after aging for 1 month, followed by 2 weeks of fluoride 'recharging' through daily fluoride rinse.

Materials And Methods: Four orthodontic cements were tested: composite resin-based materials (Transbond XT and Transbond Plus), a conventional glass ionomer cement (CX Plus) and dual-cured resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement (Fuji ORTHO LC) by direct contact test. After polymerization and a 30-day aging process, the samples were rinsed daily with 0.

The Influence of Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) and Glass Ionomer (GI) Base Materials on the Microhardness of Various Composite and GI Restorative Materials.

Objective: Re-examining the well accepted concept that Zinc-Oxide-Eugenol bases (ZOE) have a negative effect on composite restoration materials microhardness, in light of the advancement in composite materials and newer publications.

Methods: Five modern composite restoration materials were used, including hybrid (Xtra-fill and Z250), micro-fill hybrid (G-aenial and Gradia-direct) and methacrylate-free restorative material (Silorane- oxirane). Two base materials were used IRM (ZOE-base) and Fuji-IX (GI-base).

Antibacterial activity and tensile strength of provisional cements modified with fluoridecontaining varnish.

Objective: To test three noneugenol provisional cements (TempBond NE, RelyX Temp NE, and Freegenol) for their antibacterial properties and to test the hypothesis that addition of fluoride varnish confers antibacterial properties on these provisional cements without compromising their tensile strength.

Method And Materials: A total of 576 cylindrical samples were prepared (96 of each of six types) from three noneugenol provisional cements, both unmodified and modified by the addition of 5% w/w Duraphat fluoride varnish. The samples were aged in saline that was replaced twice a week for up to 90 days.

Heat generation in 1-piece implants during abutment preparations with high-speed cutting instruments.

Objectives: Evaluation of heat generation in 1-piece implants according to 3 variables: preparation time, bur type, and preparation environment.

Materials And Methods: Study implants were 1-piece designs with the same endosseous dimensions and surface microtexture, but with abutment sections that were either conical in shape, which required clinical preparations to shape and establish a restorative finish line (test), or with a pre-machined shape and restorative margin, which required minimal preparations (control) to accommodate a cemented crown. Burs were either carbide (group 1) or diamond (group 2), and the preparation environment was either ambient air or under water spray.

Incorporation of chlorhexidine diacetate in provisional cements: antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans and the effect on tensile strength in vitro.

Aim: To test the antibacterial capacities and tensile strengths of three commercially available provisional cements to which chlorhexidine diacetate was added and compare them to the same unmodified cements.

Methodology: Sixty cylindrical samples were prepared from either three noneugenol provisional cements or the same cements modified by the addition of chlorhexidine diacetate at 7.5% w/w, with a total of 360 samples.

Implant-supported first molar restorations: correlation of finite element analysis with clinical outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the placement of wide-diameter implants on bone stress concentrations and marginal bone loss in the first molar region. Study hypotheses held that increasing implant diameter would decrease peri-implant bone stress levels, but that statistically significant reductions in clinical bone loss would either (1) not be observed for any implant diameter or (2) be observed only for the widest implant diameter.

Materials And Methods: Three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D FEA) was used to analyze the relationship between implant diameter and peri-implant bone thickness, cortical bone thickness, occlusal load direction, and percentage of boneto-implant contact on bone stress levels in the first molar region.

Stress and strain patterns of 1-piece and 2-piece implant systems in bone: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis.

Statement Of Problem: The transition from implant to abutment is solid in 1-piece (1P) and broken in 2-piece (2P) implant designs. This difference may affect occlusal load distribution and marginal bone response.

Purpose: To determine whether 1P and 2P implants with equivalent geometries exhibited stresses and strains differently under applied loading conditions.

An in vitro assessment of circumferential grooves on the retention of cement-retained implant-supported crowns.

Statement Of Problem: Crowns cemented on short implant abutments may have insufficient retention.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of circumferential grooves on the retention of cemented cast copings on implant abutments.

Material And Methods: Sixty similarly-shaped implant abutments were divided into 4 groups (n=15): without grooves, with 1 groove, with 2 grooves, and with 3 grooves.

Residual dentin thickness in bifurcated maxillary first premolars after root canal and post space preparation with parallel-sided drills.

Statement Of Problem: The primary factor that determines the prognosis of endodontically treated and restored teeth is preservation of sound dentin. The potential of these teeth to fracture is directly related to the amount of dentin removed.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure residual dentin thickness of bifurcated maxillary first premolars, in vitro, after root canal and conservative post space preparation.

The influence of dentin and/or metal surface treatment on the retention of cemented crowns in teeth with an increased taper.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of dentin and/or metal surface treatments on retention of cast crowns cemented to preparations with compromised retention.

Methods: Cast crowns (n=105) were fabricated on extracted molars prepared to 40 degrees convergence and standard height. 60 teeth were randomly divided into: (A) cemented with zinc phosphate cement; (B-D) cemented with resin cement (Compolute, 3M) with either no surface treatment (B), dentin etched and bonded (EBS multi, 3M) (C), or dentin etched and bonded, and metal tribochemically treated (Co-Jet, 3M) (D); 45 teeth were randomly divided and crowns cemented with another resin cement (Rely-X Arc, 3M) with either no surface treatment (E), dentin etched and bonded (Single Bond, 3M) (F), or dentin etched and bonded and metal tribochemically treated (G).

Retention and marginal leakage of provisional crowns cemented with provisional cements enriched with chlorhexidine diacetate.

Statement Of Problem: Provisional crowns cemented with provisional luting agents are susceptible to washout, marginal leakage, and secondary caries when placed for a prolonged period.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of incorporating chlorhexidine diacetate (antibacterial agent) into provisional cements on retention and marginal leakage of provisional crowns in vitro.

Material And Methods: Provisional crowns of acrylic resin (Duralay) were fabricated for 12 intact human molars with rounded-shoulder preparations.

Surface antibacterial properties of resin and resin-modified dental cements.

Objective: Cements possessing antibacterial properties may reduce bacteria-induced fixed partial denture complications. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of 4 dental cements using the direct contact test (DCT) and the agar diffusion test (ADT).

Method And Materials: The ADT was performed using mitis salivarius agar plates.

A microleakage study of single-bottle adhesives applied to enamel and cementum and aged by both occlusal loading and thermocycling.

Objective: To compare enamel and dentin microleakage of three single-bottle dentin-bonding agents (DBA) (One-Step, Single Bond, and Dentamed P&B) on teeth that were then subjected to thermocycling and occlusal loading.

Method And Materials: Class 5 cavities were prepared on the buccal and lingual surfaces of 30 extracted human molars and divided into three groups. The occlusal margins were in enamel, and the cervical margins were in cementum.

Antibacterial properties of aged dental cements evaluated by direct-contact and agar diffusion tests.

Statement Of Problem: Since failure of fixed partial dentures is most frequently caused by caries, it would be advantageous if cements possessed antibacterial properties.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of 3 dental cements using the direct-contact test and agar diffusion test.

Material And Methods: For the direct-contact test, wells (n = 4) of microtiter plates were coated with the tested cements (Harvard cement, Duralon, and Ketac-Cem) while Streptococcus mutans suspension was placed directly on the cements.

Effect of different peroxide bleaching regimens and subsequent fluoridation on the hardness of human enamel and dentin.

Statement Of Problem: Bleaching of teeth by "in-office" or "home" bleaching techniques are popular methods of whitening teeth. However, bleaching may reduce the surface hardness of enamel and dentin.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) the effect of different concentrations of 2 "in-office bleaching" and 2 "home bleaching" agents applied for different time periods on the hardness of enamel and dentin and (2) the effect of subsequent immersion in a low-concentration fluoride solution on the hardness of bleached enamel and dentin.

In vitro study of frictional forces during sliding mechanics of "reduced-friction" brackets.

This study evaluated the static friction force created between archwires and "reduced-friction" brackets during sliding mechanics. Five different brands of "reduced-friction" brackets were used: group A: NuEdge (TP Orthodontics, LaPorte, Ind); group B: Discovery (Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany); group C: Synergy (Rocky Mountain Orthodontics, Denver, Colo); group D: Friction Free (American Orthodontics, Sheboygan, Wis); and group E: TIME, a self-ligating bracket (American Orthodontics). Group F (Omni Arch, GAC International, Bohemia, NY) served as a control group.

Retention, marginal leakage, and cement solubility of provisional crowns cemented with temporary cement containing stannous fluoride.

Purpose: This in vitro study investigated the (1) retention and microleakage of provisional crowns cemented with temporary cements to which stannous fluoride (SnF2) was added, and (2) solubility of these cements.

Materials And Methods: Provisional crowns were constructed of acrylic resin with shoulder preparations for 12 molars. The crowns were luted with Tempbond, Tempbond NE, and Freegenol temporary cements, and also with SnF2 added to these cements.

Abutment positioning in a cantilevered shortened dental arch: a clinical report and static analysis.

This article describes the extension of a shortened dental arch with a cantilever fixed partial denture in a patient who refused to be treated with an implant-supported and retained prosthesis. Orthodontic movement of the distal abutment to enlarge the interabutment span was performed before the final restoration. The mechanical advantage of the enlarged span in a cantilever fixed partial denture is analyzed, discussed, and demonstrated by 2-dimensional static analysis.

Shear strength of sealants placed with non-rinse conditioning compared to a conventional acid etch-rinse technique.

The present study compared the shearing strength of a non-rinse conditioning (NRC) compomer sealant to that of a conventional sealant. Thirty molars and premolars were sectioned longitudinally. The resulting halves were divided into 4 groups.

Effect of a fluoride varnish on the margin leakage and retention of luted provisional crowns.

Statement Of Problem: Provisional crowns cemented with provisional luting agents are susceptible to washout, margin leakage, and secondary caries when placed for a prolonged period.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the effect of combining a varnish containing 2.26% NaF with 2 provisional luting agents on the margin leakage and retention of provisional crowns.

A laboratory assessment of enamel hypoplasia of teeth with varying severities of dental fluorosis.

The effect of lifelong exposure to drinking-water containing fluoride on tooth enamel microhardness was investigated. Dental fluorosis of teeth from adult subjects, who lived continuously since birth in areas characterized by the hot climate of India, supplied by drinking-water containing between 0.5 and 8.

Effects of honey consumption on enamel microhardness in normal versus xerostomic patients.

The aim was to investigate the effect of honey on the microhardness of enamel in normal and xerostomic patients. Normal subjects and patients who were xerostomic after neck irradiation, wearing prosthetic appliances with slabs of human enamel inserted, were asked to consume a single teaspoonful of pure honey, pH 3.9.

Fluoride and hard cheese exposure on etched enamel in neck-irradiated patients in situ.

Objectives: The effect of a fluoride mouth rinse with hard cheese exposure was investigated on rehardening of an etched tooth enamel surface in subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation in situ.

Methods: Ten patients, six males and four females of mean age 48 years, irradiated with 30 Gy per week for neck and head cancer, volunteered for the present intraoral study. The unstimulated saliva flow rate varied between 0.