The Relationship Between Longest-Held Occupation and Hand Function in Older Adults.

Objective: Hand function, an important component of daily functioning, declines with age, yet the degree to which occupation modifies such declines is largely unknown.Methods: Older adults (≥65) completed an online cross-sectional survey containing a standardized hand function questionnaire, occupation-related questions, and demographic information. Participants were then categorized by their longest-held occupation as Blue Collar or White Collar.

Weight-Inclusive Approaches to Nutrition and Dietetics: A Needed Paradigm Shift.

This Perspective article encourages the field of nutrition and dietetics to move away from a weight-centric paradigm that emphasizes weight loss and weight management as primary health outcomes. This approach can perpetuate weight stigma, which is associated with poorer health behaviors, poorer mental health, disordered eating, and even increased mortality risk. We propose an alternative approach-adopting a weight-inclusive paradigm-that focuses on providing care across the weight spectrum by centering health behaviors rather than weight.

Pitfalls and pearls in diagnosing inflammatory arthritis in older patients.

Given current demographic shifts, the number of older adults continues to grow, with almost half of patients over 65 being diagnosed with some form of arthritis. Rheumatic diseases pose unique diagnostic challenges in older patients due to the convergence of physiologic changes of aging, confounding difficulties to care, and atypical disease manifestations. This review summarizes the current published evidence to guide clinicians in evaluating geriatric patients with rheumatologic concerns, focusing on inflammatory arthritis.

A systematic review of weight stigma and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors.

Weight stigma is persistent across contexts and is associated with disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. This systematic review aimed to examine the existing literature that has explored the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. We specifically examined three dimensions of weight stigma - experienced, anticipated, and internalized - and adopted an inclusive conceptualization of outcomes related to disordered eating (including constructs such as binge eating, body dissatisfaction, and other cognitions and behaviors such as dietary restraint, unhealthy weight control behaviors, and drive for thinness).

Longitudinal Stability of Disordered-Eating Symptoms From Age 12 to 40 in Black and White Women.

The purpose of the current study was to test the longitudinal association between disordered eating symptoms (body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and bulimia) in adolescence (ages 12, 14, 16, 18, 19) and adulthood (age 40) in a sample of 883 white and Black women. We also investigated moderation by race. Adolescent symptoms at each time point significantly predicted adulthood symptoms for the body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness subscales, for both Black and white women.

Recommendations for post-implementation adaptations to optimize family navigation in pediatric primary care: a qualitative study with parents and navigators.

Background: Family Navigation (FN) is an evidence-based care management intervention designed to reduce disparities in access to care by providing families with individually tailored support and care coordination. Early data suggest FN is effective, but effectiveness is significantly influenced by both contextual (e.g.

Sex and gender as critical and distinct contributors to the human brain-gut-microbiome axis.

The brain-gut-microbiome axis (BGMA) is a pivotal contributor to human health. A large body of research, especially from animal models, has revealed bidirectional, causal relationships between the BGMA and sex. In particular, sex steroids appear to be affected by the BGMA, to influence the BGMA, and to moderate environmental effects on the BGMA.

Incidence of Akreos AO60 intraocular lens opacification after concurrent or subsequent intraocular oil or gas use.

Purpose: To report the incidence of opacification in a consecutive series of 10 eyes that underwent scleral fixated Akreos AO60 placement with concurrent or subsequent contact with gas or silicone oil.

Methods: Consecutive case series.

Results: Three cases of IOL opacification were noted.

Describing Adverse Events Associated with Bilateral Same-Day Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants.

Background And Objectives: To explore the incidence of adverse events after bilateral same-day intravitreal 0.7-mg dexamethasone implant (SDIDI) injections.

Materials And Methods: We performed an IRB approved, single-center, retrospective review of patients receiving bilateral SDIDI injections from January 1, 2016 to October 31, 2021 and reviewed adverse events that occurred within 3 months of injection.

Predictors of overlapping autoimmune disease in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A retrospective analysis in two inner-city hospitals.

Background: The coexistence of Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with other autoimmune diseases (AD-NMOSD) presents worse clinical outcomes and healthcare costs than NMOSD alone (NMOSD-only). NMOSD and other autoimmune diseases also have a higher prevalence and morbidity in Black. We aim to compare clinical features and treatment responses in NMOSD patients with and without overlapping autoimmunity in a predominantly Black cohort.

Can Princesses Be Powerful? A Quasi-Experimental Study Examining Children's Perceptions of Princesses and the Self.

Children's gender schematic cognitions guide their attention, affinities, and behaviors, often narrowing their opportunities. The goal of the present study is to examine how children's exposure to animated Disney princesses modeling agentic behaviors (such as being a leader) alters children's gender schematic perceptions of princesses' characteristics, and if this exposure impacts children's perceptions of their own gender-typed qualities. Interviews with 60 children from the northeast region of the United States (M = 4.

Incidence of Delayed Vitreous Hemorrhage in Patients With Retinal Tears Associated With Bridging Vessels.

Background And Objective: The purpose of this article is to determine if outcomes in patients presenting with retinal tears with bridging vessels (BVs) differ from those without BVs.

Patients And Methods: A case control study of all patients presenting with retinal tears during a 3-year period was completed. Comparisons were made between patients with and without BVs.

360 DEGREE ENDOLASER VERSUS FOCAL ENDOLASER IN PRIMARY RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT REPAIR.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of the 360-degree endolaser (360EL) versus focal laser during primary vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

Methods: A single-site retrospective chart review was performed on 241 patients who underwent PPV for primary RRD. Patients were assigned to two groups, PPV with 360EL (n = 183) and PPV without 360EL (n = 59).

A Prospective Cohort Study of COVID-19 Vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 Infection, and Fertility.

Some reproductive-aged individuals remain unvaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) because of concerns about potential adverse effects on fertility. Using data from an internet-based preconception cohort study, we examined the associations of COVID-19 vaccination and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with fertility among couples trying to conceive spontaneously. We enrolled 2,126 self-identified female participants aged 21-45 year residing in the United States or Canada during December 2020-September 2021 and followed them through November 2021.

Characteristics of Pentosan Polysulfate Sodium-Associated Maculopathy and Similarities With Other Maculopathies Commonly Managed in a Retina Practice.

Purpose: This work describes characteristics of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS)-associated maculopathy and its similarities with common maculopathies in a retina practice cohort.

Methods: Thirty-two patients were identified through electronic medical record query who were exposed to PPS. One patient was excluded for lack of retinal imaging.

Accuracy of self-reported birth outcomes relative to birth certificate data in an Internet-based prospective cohort study.

Background: The accuracy of birth outcome data provided by Internet-based cohort study participants has not been well studied.

Methods: We compared self-reported data on birth characteristics in Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), an Internet-based prospective cohort study of North American pregnancy planners, with birth certificate data. At enrolment, participants were aged 21-45 years, attempting conception, and not using fertility treatment.

What Happens After a Positive Primary Care Autism Screen Among Historically Underserved Families? Predictors of Evaluation and Autism Diagnosis.

Objective: Families, pediatric providers, and service systems would benefit from expanded knowledge regarding (1) who is most likely to receive a recommended diagnostic evaluation after a positive primary care-administered autism screen and (2) of those who screen positive, who is most likely to be diagnosed with autism?

Method: Participants included 309 predominantly low-income, racial/ethnic minority parents and their child, aged 15 to 27 months, who screened positive on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F). Generalized estimating equations were used to fit models of predictors for each binary outcome: receiving a diagnostic evaluation and receiving an autism diagnosis on evaluation.

Results: Significant predictors of diagnostic evaluation receipt included the parent being older or non-Hispanic and the child having private insurance, lower child communication functioning, or receiving Early Intervention services.

Chronic Sphenoiditis With Deep Neck Space Extension: Case Report With Review of the Literature and Postulated Mechanisms for Extracranial Extension.

Isolated primary sphenoid sinusitis is a rare occurrence, estimated to make up less than 3% of sinus infections. The posterior anatomic location of the sphenoid makes treatment challenging when it becomes infected. Complications involving intracranial extension to surrounding structures often result in cranial nerve deficits due to their proximity.

Effect of Family Navigation on Diagnostic Ascertainment Among Children at Risk for Autism: A Randomized Clinical Trial From DBPNet.

Importance: Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with improved cognitive and behavioral outcomes. Targeted strategies are needed to support equitable access to diagnostic services to ensure that children from low-income and racial/ethnic minority families receive the benefits of early ASD identification and treatment.

Objective: To test the efficacy of family navigation (FN), an individually tailored, culturally informed care management strategy, to increase the likelihood of achieving diagnostic ascertainment among young children at risk for ASD.

Endometrial Sarcoma Metastasis to the Pterygopalatine Fossa: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Metastatic skull base malignancies infrequently occur but, when present, typically arise from breast malignancies. Pterygopalatine fossa (PPF) metastasis of any malignancy is further seldom reported, and metastasis of gynecologic malignancies to the PPF has not been previously described in the literature. We present a single case of a 42-year-old female with the first likely case of high-grade endometrial sarcoma metastatic to the PPF.

Pediatric Primary Care Provider Perspectives on a Computer-Facilitated Screening and Brief Intervention System for Adolescent Substance Use.

Purpose: This study aimed to elicit pediatric primary care providers' (PCPs) feedback on the acceptability and feasibility of implementing a tablet computer-facilitated Screening and Brief Intervention (cSBI) system for adolescent substance use in their practices.

Methods: We trained PCPs at five Boston area practices and enrolled their 12- to 18-year-old patients in a pilot randomized trial of cSBI versus usual care. PCPs completed an 18-item poststudy questionnaire.

Complications and Radiographic Outcomes After Tibiotalocalcaneal Fusion With a Retrograde Intramedullary Nail.

Background: Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) arthrodesis is a salvage reconstructive procedure for ankle and subtalar arthritis and deformity. This study aims to identify fusion rates and complications of TTC arthrodesis procedures performed at our institution using a specific retrograde intramedullary nail. Additionally, we analyzed the subpopulation that sustained an intramedullary nail break.