Trends in uterine cancer mortality in the Americas, 1955-1988.

Trends in uterine cancer mortality over the period 1955-1988 were analyzed for 14 selected Latin American countries and for the United States and Canada on the basis of the official death certification data from the World Health Organization database. In the late 1960s uterine cancer mortality in Latin America ranged from 7.8/100,000 in the Dominican Republic to 26.

Trends in lip cancer incidence in Vaud, Switzerland.

Recent trends in lip cancer incidence in the Swiss Canton of Vaud (approximately 600,000 inhabitants in 1990) were analysed over the period 1975-1990, when a total of 87 cases were registered. A steady and substantial decline was observed in both sexes, since age-standardised (world) rates declined from 1.8 to 0.

Incidence of infiltrating cancer following superficial bladder carcinoma.

Patients with histologically confirmed first diagnosis of superficial bladder carcinoma notified to the population-based cancer registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud during the calendar period 1974-90 were actively followed-up to December 31, 1990 for the occurrence of a subsequent invasive tumour of the urinary bladder. Among 1,012 incident cases of superficial bladder neoplasms, followed for a total of 6,286 person/years at risk, 93 infiltrating tumours of the urinary bladder were diagnosed. Only 5.

Incidence of colorectal cancer following adenomatous polyps of the large intestine.

An association between adenomatous polyps of the large bowel and colorectal cancer has been reported, in the absence, however, of population-based estimates of risk. Subjects with histologically confirmed first diagnosis of large-bowel polyps notified to the population-based Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud (about 600,000 inhabitants) during the calendar period 1979-1990 were actively followed up to the end of 1990 for the subsequent occurrence of malignant neoplasms. Among 2,496 individuals with intestinal polyps, followed for a total of 10,310 person-years at risk (6,201 among males and 4,109 among females), 150 malignant neoplasms were registered versus 152 expected.

Circadian rhythms of circulating NK cells in healthy and human immunodeficiency virus-infected men.

Antiviral immunity involves NK cells, which circulate rhythmically every 24 hours. We have investigated circadian and 12-hour rhythms in the peripheral count of circulating NK cells in 15 men infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and 13 healthy controls. We analyzed three phenotypes using double-labeling with monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry assessment: CD3- CD16+, CD3-CD57+, and CD2+CD3-.

Ambulatory treatment with 5 days continuous venous infusion of ifosfamide for advanced colorectal cancer: a phase II feasibility study.

Eighteen patients suffering from an advanced colorectal cancer were treated with 5 days continuous venous infusion of ifosfamide and mesna (1 g/m2, 5/21 days). All had previously received 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapies. Disposable programmable infusion pumps (Cadd-I, Pharmacia Deltec and Intelliject Multisyringe) allowed ambulatory administration of the treatment.

Trends in subsite distribution of colorectal cancers and polyps from the Vaud Cancer Registry.

Background: Changes in the subsite distribution of malignant and benign colorectal tumors over the last few years have been reported in several series. They may be related to changes in diagnostic accuracy or to real changes in incidence.

Methods: Trends in incidence and subsite distribution of colorectal cancers and polyps between 1978 and 1988 have been analyzed using data from the Cancer Registry of the Canton Vaud, Switzerland (530,000 inhabitants in 1981), which has adopted standardized methods for identification and registration not only of malignant, but also of benign colorectal lesions.

Female thyroid cancer: the role of reproductive and hormonal factors in Switzerland.

We conducted a study on 91 women with thyroid cancer and 306 controls in hospital for acute nonneoplastic, non-hormone-related disorders in order to investigate the role of reproductive and hormonal factors in the etiology of epithelial thyroid cancer in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland. Non-significant increases in cancer risk with an increasing number of full-term pregnancies (odds ratio, OR, after allowance for age and previous benign thyroid disease = 1.6, for > or = 3 vs.

Dietary factors and the risk of endometrial cancer.

Background: Endometrial cancer is associated with overweight, but little is known on its possible relationship with specific aspects of diet.

Methods: The relationship between dietary factors and the risk of endometrial cancer was investigated in a case-control study conducted in Switzerland and Northern Italy on 274 patients with histologically confirmed endometrial cancers and 572 control subjects admitted to the hospital for acute nongynecologic disorders that were not hormone related, metabolic, or neoplastic.

Results: Significant direct associations were observed with (1) the total energy intake (odds ratio [OR] for the highest versus the lowest consumption tertile = 2.

Mortality patterns and trends for lung cancer and other tobacco-related cancers in the Americas, 1955-1989.

Mortality from cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, oesphagus, larynx and lung between 1955 and 1989 has been analysed for USA, Canada and 14 countries in Latin America. Among males, Uruguay, Cuba, Argentina and Puerto Rico have the highest rates for all sites, and Peru, Ecuador, Dominican Republic, Mexico and Colombia have the lowest rates. Among females, Cuba, Colombia and Puerto Rico rank high for all sites, and Mexico, Paraguay, Ecuador and Peru rank low.

Epidemiologic pathology of ovarian cancer from the Vaud Cancer Registry, Switzerland.

Objective: To provide further information on the descriptive epidemiology and survival of ovarian cancer patients by specific histologic types.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Cases of ovarian cancer registered between 1974 and 1988 in the Vaud Cancer Registry, Switzerland (based on a population of approximately 530,000 inhabitants), were analysed.

Selected physical activities and the risk of endometrial cancer.

The relationship between various indicators of physical activity and endometrial cancer risk was analysed using data of a case-control study conducted in 1988-1991 in Switzerland and Italy on 274 histologically confirmed cases and 572 controls admitted to hospital for acute, non neoplastic, non hormone-related diseases. Using a self-rated assessment of total physical activity, there was a systematic tendency for the cases to report more frequently 'low' or 'very low' physical activity. The relative risks were similar for 'very high' or 'moderately high' physical activity, but increased in the two lowest levels, with point estimates, in various decades of age, between 1.

Chronopharmacology of high-dose busulfan in children.

In bone marrow transplantation, high-dose busulfan is given p.o., usually every 6 h over 4 consecutive days.

Multiple primary cancers in the Vaud Cancer Registry, Switzerland, 1974-89.

Data collected by the Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud (whose population in 1980 was about 530,000 inhabitants) were used to estimate the incidence of second metachronous primary cancers following any specific neoplasm. Among 34,615 cases of incident neoplasms registered between 1974 and 1989 and followed through integrated active follow-up to the end of 1989, for a total of 118,241 person-years at risk, there were 2,185 second primaries (1,280 males, 905 females). For both sexes, the standardised incidence ratios (SIR) were significantly elevated by about 20%.

The impact of therapeutic improvements in reducing peptic ulcer mortality in Europe.

Trends in death certification rates from peptic ulcer between 1955 and 1989 have been analysed for 24 European countries on the basis of age-specific and age-standardized rates, and a log-linear model to estimate the effects of age, cohort of birth and period of death. For males, in all Western countries there were substantial declines in mortality. In the late 1950s, the range of variation of the world standardized rates was between 4/100,000 in France and 17.

Descriptive epidemiology of gall-bladder cancer in Europe.

Trends in mortality from cancer of the gall-bladder and bile ducts over the period 1965-1989 were analysed for 25 European countries on the basis of official death certifications from the World Health Organization databank. A high-mortality area--i.e.

Oestrogen replacement treatment and the risk of endometrial cancer: an assessment of the role of covariates.

The relationship between oestrogen replacement treatment and the risk of endometrial cancer was analysed in a case-control study of 158 histologically confirmed incident cases below the age of 75 and 468 controls in hospital for acute, non-neoplastic, non-hormone-related conditions conducted in the Swiss Canton of Vaud in 1988-1992. Overall, 60 (38%) cases vs. 93 (20%) controls had ever used oestrogen replacement treatment: the corresponding multiple logistic regression relative risk (RR) was 2.

Dietary factors and breast cancer risk in Vaud, Switzerland.

The relationship between dietary factors and the risk of breast cancer was investigated in a case-control study conducted in the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland as a pilot phase for a larger cooperative study within the SEARCH Programme of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Lyon, France). A total of 107 incident, histologically confirmed cases of breast cancer and 318 controls admitted to hospital for acute, nonhormone-related, gynecological, metabolic, or neoplastic disorders were interviewed. Significant direct trends in risk were observed with total energy intake [relative risk (RR) for highest vs.

Oxaliplatin activity against metastatic colorectal cancer. A phase II study of 5-day continuous venous infusion at circadian rhythm modulated rate.

Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) is a non-nephrotoxic third generation platinum complex with proven antitumoral activity and minimal haematological toxicity. Circadian scheduling has allowed significant increases in L-OHP dosage and dose intensity and decreases in its toxicities. This phase II trial has tested the antitumour activity of a 5-day circadian schedule of continuous venous infusion of L-OHP against metastatic colorectal cancer.