Evaluation of ventricular function and myocardial deformation in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot by real-time three-dimensional (four-dimensional) echocardiography.

Aim: The left and right ventricular dysfunction are important clinical course indicators in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. This study aimed to evaluate ventricular volumes, functions, and myocardial deformation in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot by real-time three-dimensional (four-dimensional) echocardiography and compared with healthy children. It also aimed to investigate the relationships between ventricular volumes, functions, and myocardial deformation parameters in the patients.

Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect with two different devices.

Transcatheter closure of a multi-hole perimembranous ventricular septal defect with an aneurysm is challenging. Specific ventricular septal defect closure devices have been developed, but some occluders are reportedly used in an off-label manner. This report describes a child who had a multi-hole perimembranous ventricular septal defect with an aneurysm and underwent successful transcatheter closure using two different occluders: the Occlutech Duct Occluder (Occlutech, Helsingborg, Sweden) and the Amplatzer Duct Occluder II (St.

Percutaneous Ventricular Septal Defect Closure in Patients Under 1 Year of Age.

Untreated ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an important cause of congestive heart failure in early infancy. Growth is impaired in this population, and surgical closure is challenging because of congestion in the lungs, making infants prone to respiratory infection, and because of their poor nutritional status. The aim of this study is to share our experience with percutaneous VSD closure in patients under 1 year of age.

Transcatheter correction of Scimitar syndrome: occlusion of abnormal pulmonary venous drainage and vascular supply in an infant.

Treatment of Scimitar syndrome is usually surgical; however, if there is "dual drainage" - that is, one to the inferior caval vein and the other to the left atrium - it is possible to successfully treat this anomaly via a less-invasive transcatheter approach. We report a case of Scimitar syndrome in a 21-month-old, male infant successfully treated with transcatheter embolisation.

Antegrade transvenous balloon angioplasty for coarctation of the aorta in infants with ventricular septal defect.

For a newborn, surgical correction has been the primary treatment of native coarctation at most centers; however, there has been an increased use of balloon angioplasty (BA). The anterograde transvenous (AT) technique is another alternative way for coarctation (AoC) angioplasty in low weight patients with large ventricular septal defect (VSD). Four, 5-day-old to 7-month-old, infants weighing 2500, 2700, 2800, and 3400g, respectively presented to emergency unit (EU) with cyanosis, tachypnea, and loss of weight.

Percutaneous transcatheter snare vegetectomy in a child.

Surgical vegetectomy may be indicated in patients with unresolving sepsis, heart failure, recurrent embolism, or the presence of large vegetations >10 mm in size. Percutaneous vegetectomy using a snare may be a reasonable option instead of open-heart surgery in selected patients. We describe the case of a patient with operated tetralogy of Fallot and infective endocarditis who underwent vegetectomy via a percutaneous approach.

Cardiovascular side effects related with use of synthetic cannabinoids "bonzai" : two case reports.

Information about the effects of synthetic cannabinoids "bonzai" on the cardiovascular system is limited. In this article, two patients in whom different cardiological side effects were observed following use of synthetic cannabinoids 'bonzai' were presented. Our first patient who was a 16-year old boy presented to pediatric emergency department with severe chest pain which had started one hour before.

[Late presentation of posttraumatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistulea occlusion with septal occluder device].

Posttraumatic pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a rare complication of penetrating injury. Cases may remain asymptomatic for years prior to diagnosis. We present a case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula related to a penetrating injury of the thorax 6 years previously that was occluded with a septal occluder device.

Relationships between left heart chamber dilatation on echocardiography and left-to-right ventricle shunting quantified by cardiac catheterization in children with ventricular septal defects.

Left atrium and/or left ventricle dilatation on echocardiography is considered to be an indication for closure of ventricular septal defects (VSD). No study has addressed the accuracy of using dilated left heart chambers when defining significant left-to-right shunting quantified by cardiac catheterization in isolated small or moderate VSDs. In this study, the relation between dilated left heart chambers, measured by echocardiography, and left-to-right ventricle shunting, quantified by cardiac catheterization, was evaluated in patients with isolated VSD.

P wave dispersion in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients with diastolic dysfunction.

Objective: Cardiac involvement as pericarditis, myocarditis and valvular disease is common in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However, there are few studies concerning systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle in children with JIA. P wave dispersion is a sign for the prediction of atrial fibrillation.

QT dispersion and cardiac involvement in children with Familial Mediterranean fever.

Familial Mediterranean fever is a hereditary disease characterised by recurrent and self-terminated attacks of fever and polyserositis. An earlier study found that adult patients of Familial Mediterranean fever had an abnormally longer QT dispersion and corrected QT dispersion, markers for ventricular arrhythmogenicity. QT dispersion is a simple non-invasive arrhythmogenic marker that can be used to assess homogeneity of cardiac repolarisation; however, it has not been studied in children with Familial Mediterranean fever before.

Acquired origin of the left anterior descending coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: A complication of the arterial switch operation.

The prevalence of coronary anomalies in the transposition of the great arteries is high. Transfer of the coronary arteries during arterial switch operation is the principle step and incomplete transport of the coronary arteries to the neoaortic root results into iatrogenic coronary problems. We present a case with the residual left anterior descending coronary artery originating from the pulmonary artery as a complication of the failure of transfer during the arterial switch operation.

Sequence variations of NKX2-5 and HAND1 genes in patients with atrial isomerism.

Objective: Atrial isomerism is a congenital disorder, which is characterized by lateralization defects in normally asymmetrical developing organs like the heart. Atrial isomerism is supposed to be caused by molecular defects during early development. The NKX2-5 is a cardiac specific transcription factor, which initiates and regulates downstream transcriptional cascades of cardiogenesis.

Duration and dispersion of the P wave after the Senning operation.

We studied the duration and dispersion of the P wave in patients after a Senning operation, assessing its value in detecting the risk of atrial tachycardias.We measured the duration and dispersion of the wave in surface 12 lead electrocardiograms obtained from 18 patients with sinus rhythm, having a mean age of 12.8 years, with 13 being males and 5 females, who had undergone a Senning operation, comparing the values obtained in 35 age and gender-matched healthy people.

Left ventricular noncompaction associated with Ebstein's anomaly.

Left ventricular (LV) noncompaction is a congenital dysfunction of endomyocardial morphogenesis characterized by excessively prominent trabeculations and deep intratrabecular recesses of the myocardium. Its association with Ebstein's anomaly is very rare. A 13-year-old boy presented to the outpatient clinic for a cardiac evaluation before enrolling in a sports activity.

Outcome for patients with isolated atrial septal defects in the oval fossa diagnosed in infancy.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate the change in diameter of holes within the oval fossa, and the role of aneurismal formation in reducing the size of the hole, in patients diagnosed during infancy with isolated defects in the floor of the fossa.

Patients: In a retrospective study, we included 100 patients diagnosed during the first year of life with an isolated defect in the floor of the oval fossa who had subsequently been observed for at least 5 years. There were 56 females and 44 males.

QT dispersion and diastolic functions in differential diagnosis of primary mitral valve prolapse and rheumatic mitral valve prolapse.

There is no specific criteria established to guide physicians in the differential diagnosis of primary mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and rheumatic MVP. Previous studies suggested that history and pathology of mitral valve could be helpful in differential diagnosis of MVP. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of QT interval, QT dispersion, and diastolic function in differential diagnosis of MVP.

Aneurysmal formation in the setting of muscular ventricular septal defects.

Objective: To emphasize the formation of fibrous aneurysmal structures in the setting of muscular ventricular septal defects

Methods: Among patients with muscular ventricular septal defects followed in our institute, we described six who were diagnosed with formation of fibrous aneurysms. Of the patients, one was female and others were male. The age at diagnosis ranged from eight days to 16 years.

Patency or recanalization of the arterial duct after surgical double ligation and transfixion.

Objective: The frequency of residual shunting or recanalization was investigated in patients in whom a persistently patent arterial duct had been doubly ligated and transfixed during surgical closure.

Methods: We investigated in retrospective fashion for any residual shunting 325 patients who, between January 1990 and December 2004, had undergone surgical double ligation and transfixion of a persistently patent arterial duct. Shunting was discovered in 10 patients, of whom four male and six female.

A different type of cardiomyopathy: ventricular noncompaction (evaluation of 8 cases).

Ventricular noncompaction, characterized by numerous, prominent ventricular trabeculations and deep intratrabecular recesses, is thought to be due to an arrest of myocardial morphogenesis. We report eight patients with ventricular noncompaction diagnosed at our center in the previous one year. Two patients had associated congenital cardiac anomalies while the others were without coexisting cardiac abnormalities.