Unforeseen outcomes: Unveiling cyst formation post stereotactic radiosurgery in brain arteriovenous malformations cases.

Introduction: Cyst formation after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is a rare, delayed but important complication. Prompt recognition and appropriate treatment is essential for good outcome.

Methods: We analysed our institute's Gamma knife treatment records from 2008 to 2023 and analysed AVM treated patients by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS).

Insights into Angiographic Recanalization of Large Arterial Occlusion: Institutional Experience with Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. Most strokes are ischemic in nature and early recanalization of occluded vessels determines good outcomes. Recanalization of occluded vessels depends on many angiographic and demographic features.

Coexistence of neural tube defects and spinal arteriovenous shunts: a case series and review of literature.

Background: Spinal arteriovenous shunts and spinal dysraphism both have a different underlying cause, disease spectrum and developmental process; hence, these entities rarely coexist in a patient. Here, we reported four cases of coexistence of adult-onset spinal arteriovenous shunt and spinal dysraphism in the same patient along with their therapeutic embolisation. Additionally, we conducted an extensive literature review to explore the potential theories and explanations for this coexistence.

Imaging and MR Spectroscopy in Papillary Craniopharyngioma.

Sellar-suprasellar masses exhibit a diverse range of differential diagnoses and it is feasible to establish a preliminary diagnosis before surgery by evaluating conventional CT scans and contrast-enhanced MRI results. Nevertheless, certain cases may present with inconclusive findings, making it challenging to anticipate the underlying tissue composition accurately through imaging alone. Researchers have explored the application of Proton MR spectroscopy in analyzing suprasellar tumors, and their investigations have revealed that it can complement traditional MRI by enhancing the accuracy of preoperative diagnoses.

Mechanical Thrombectomy in Medium Vessels Occlusion (MeVOs): An Institutional Experience with M2 Divisions of Middle Cerebral Artery.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy has been established as a safe, standard and effective treatment option for occlusions of the proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), as demonstrated in numerous studies. However, performing thrombectomy in the M2 divisions of MCA presents inherent challenges. In this institutional experience, we aim to delineate the recanalisation rates achieved through mechanical thrombectomy in cases involving the M2 segment of the MCA.

An Institutional Perspective on the Number of Stent Retriever Pass and Rate of Recanalization in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: When to Stop?

Background And Purpose: Mechanical thrombectomy is the standard treatment modality for flow restoration in acute ischemic stroke. In cases of persistent occlusion, the optimal number of retrieval attempts before considering procedure termination is currently undetermined and is a topic for research. Therefore in this study, we studied the impact of the number of stent retrieval maneuvers on the recanalization of vessels.

A computed tomography (CT)-based morphometric study of various skull base parameters and their anatomical relationships relevant to endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery.

Background: Endoscopic skull base surgery requires a thorough understanding of skull base anatomy. Orientation to regional anatomy to avoid complications like internal carotid artery injury can be assisted by knowledge of certain bony landmarks. These landmarks are themselves highly variable structures.

Cortical malformation adjacent to a large pial arteriovenous fistula.

The coexistence of an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and neuronal migration abnormalities is a rare phenomenon. The underlying pathophysiology responsible for these anomalies remains elusive. Neuronal architectural irregularities arise from complex neuronal formation, migration and organisation dysfunctions.

Reconstructive endovascular treatment of petrous ICA pseudoaneurysm in skull base osteomyelitis: a hidden catastrophe.

Skull base osteomyelitis can be more life-threatening in immunocompromised patients and patients with diabetes. Here, we present a case of a petrous internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm resulting from skull base osteomyelitis in a diabetic male in his 50s. This case report highlights the need to be conscious of the various complications associated with skull base osteomyelitis, be proficient in detecting them and treat them as early as possible for better outcomes.

Clinical and radiological spectrum of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody encephalitis: single-center observational study.

Objective: The objective was to describe the clinical presentations, radiologic features, and outcomes of patients with autoimmune encephalitis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG).

Background: During the past decade, the spectrum of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases (MOGAD) has expanded. Recently, patients with MOG antibody encephalitis (MOG-E) who do not fulfill the criteria for ADEM have been reported.

Giant dissecting aneurysm of basilar artery in a child - treated by flow reversal: A case report.

Although intracranial aneurysms are rare in the paediatric population, the proportion of those involving posterior circulation is higher than that of adults (approximately 25% vs. 8%, respectively). Moreover, posterior circulation aneurysms in kids tend to be larger in size, many of them being giant dissecting types, and treatment of them is often challenging.

Isolated left common carotid artery: multidisciplinary management is the key to success.

An isolated carotid artery is a rare aortic arch anomaly. Instead of connecting to the aorta, the isolated carotid artery connects anomalously to the pulmonary artery. Chronically altered cerebral circulation poses the risk of cerebral hyperaemia following surgical reimplantation.

COVID-19: Indian Society of Neuroradiology (ISNR) Consensus Statement and Recommendations for Safe Practice of Neuroimaging and Neurointerventions.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has forced every radiology set-up to evolve and formulate guidelines for day-to-day functioning. The sub-speciality of neuroradiology, both diagnostic and neuro-intervention, forms a very important part of any radiology or 'neuro-care' set-up. The present document is a consensus statement of the Indian Society of Neuroradiology, prepared after reviewing the available data and working experience.

Filar arteriovenous fistula associated with anomalous common posterior intercostal arterial trunk - A case report and review of literature.

An anomalous common trunk giving rise to bilateral intercostal arteries at multiple levels is exceedingly rare and its association with spinal filar AVF and low-lying cord has not been reported so far. Here, we report this uncommon anatomical variation in a 60-year-old male who presented with paraplegia and on imaging found to have low-lying spinal cord with filar AVF and venous congestive myelopathy and discuss its embryological basis and associated malformations. Although rare, interventional radiologists should be aware of this entity, as these trunks may be a major source of bleeding in patients with hemoptysis, and also may be involved in vital spinal cord supply.

Endovascular management of a ruptured aneurysm associated with distal PICA fenestration.

Fenestrations are rare but well-known arterial anatomic variations in which a segment of artery divides into two parallel channels that reunite distally. Although fenestrations as such are asymptomatic, they have gained clinical significance because of their association with aneurysms and other intracranial vascular pathologies. Here we present a 35-year-old woman with history of sudden severe occipital headache and vomiting.

Management of Arterial Pseudoaneurysms of the Neck in a Pediatric Population: An Endovascular Case Series and Review of Literature.

Background: Arterial pseudoaneurysms of the neck are rarely reported in the pediatric population and no dedicated large series are available. Trauma and infection are the most common causes for these aneurysms, with congenital and collagen vascular disorders being the less common causes. These lesions can be life threatening, especially when they present with bleeding or airway compromise.

Endovascular management of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation in a neonate.

A term baby presented on the 7 day of life in cardiogenic shock due to vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation. A successful embolization of the malformation was performed through transarterial route on day 12 of life after a period of initial stabilization.

Endovascular Management of a Rare Case of Pediatric Vertebral Artery Mycotic Aneurysm: A Case Report.

Pediatric posterior-circulation aneurysms are uncommon, difficult-to-treat lesions associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Infections and trauma are important risk factors in children. Here, we present a 10-year-old boy with a lower respiratory tract infection, rapidly progressive right-neck swelling, and weakness of the right upper limb.

Management of Pediatric Posterior Circulation Aneurysms-12-Year Single-Institution Experience.

Background: Pediatric posterior circulation aneurysms are rare, complex, poorly understood lesions on which only limited literature is currently available. We report our 12-year experience of managing this condition to enhance knowledge of this rare entity.

Methods: Patients <18 years old with posterior circulation aneurysms managed at our institution from January 2005 to April 2017 were included.

Management of a rare case of posterior condylar canal dural arteriovenous fistula presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage: A case report and review of literature.

Posterior condylar canal dural arteriovenous fistula (PCC dAVF) is a rare entity with only three cases having been reported so far in the English literature. We describe the clinical presentation, imaging, and endovascular management of an elderly man with left PCC dAVF presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). Endovascular management of such cases requires thorough understanding of the vascular anatomy around the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) and variable bridging vein draining patterns.

Spinal cord involvement and contrast enhancement in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.

Although posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a widely encountered clinicoradiological entity, spinal cord involvement on MRI is very rarely reported. We found only eight cases that have been reported so far. Reports of post-contrast meningeal or parenchymal enhancement in PRES are even rarer.

Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation-clinical and angiographic spectrum with management perspective: an institutional experience.

Background And Purpose: Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation (VGAM) is a rare developmental intracranial vascular malformation. We analyzed the clinical presentations, imaging findings, angioarchitecture, management options, and outcome in a demographically heterogeneous set of VGAM patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed cases of VGAM from our departmental archive collected between 1988 and January 2015.