Publications by authors named "Levard G"

Objective: Despite recent progress in caring for patients born with esophageal atresia (EA), undernutrition and stunting remain common. Our study objective was to assess nutritional status in the first year after birth with EA and to identify factors associated with growth failure.

Study Design: We conducted a population-based study of all infants born in France with EA between 2010 and 2016.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study assessed long-term functional outcomes of children aged 6-30 who had surgery for anorectal malformations (ARMs) in various expert centers in France.
  • - Findings from 367 patients indicated a significant correlation between the rectal pouch position and issues like voluntary bowel movements and soiling, as well as an increased risk of constipation linked to certain anatomical factors and surgical approaches.
  • - The study emphasizes the importance of ongoing follow-up for these patients to address their specific needs and improve their functional outcomes over time.
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Background And Objectives: Patients with Hirschsprung's disease are at risk of developing Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis, especially in the first 2 years of life. The pathophysiology of this inflammatory disease remains unclear, and intestinal dysbiosis has been proposed in the last decade. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate in a large cohort if Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis was associated with alterations of fecal bacterial composition compared with HD without enterocolitis in different age groups.

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Background And Objectives: Respiratory diseases are common in children with esophageal atresia (EA), leading to increased morbidity and mortality in the first year. The primary study objective was to identify the factors associated with readmissions for respiratory causes in the first year in EA children.

Methods: A population-based study.

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Objective: To identify the risk factors for early mortality and morbidity in a population with distal esophageal atresia (EA)-tracheoesophageal fistula.

Study Design: Cohort study from a national register. Main outcomes and measures included early mortality, hospital length of stay (LoS), need for nutritional support at 1 year of age as a proxy measure of morbidity, and complications during the first year of life.

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In Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), postoperative course remains unpredictable. Our aim was to define predictive factors of the main postoperative complications: obstructive symptoms (OS) and Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC). In this prospective multicentre cohort study, samples of resected bowel were collected at time of surgery in 18 neonates with short-segment HSCR in tertiary care hospitals.

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Introduction: Fibroepithelial polyps (FEP) of the lower urinary tract are relatively common in adults but rare in children, with fewer than 250 cases reported in the literature to date.

Objective: The aim of this study was to address the experience of FEP management in children.

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter review was undertaken in children with defined FEP of the lower urinary tract managed between 2008 and 2018.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to identify factors influencing the need for antireflux surgery in infants with esophageal atresia during their first year of life.
  • From a total of 835 infants in a French registry, 682 were evaluated; 53 (7.8%) underwent surgery, with various predictors identified, such as anastomotic tension and low birth weight.
  • Key findings suggest that complications like gastroesophageal reflux, poor nutrition, and surgical difficulties significantly increase the likelihood of requiring antireflux surgery in these patients.
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Objective: To evaluate the status of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) management in France and to assess predictors of adverse outcomes.

Study Design: We reviewed the first-year outcome of all cases of CDH reported to the French National Register in 2011.

Results: A total of 158 cases were included.

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Objective: To evaluate prenatal ultrasound parameters as prognostic factors for complex and vanishing gastroschisis.

Methods: Retrospective multicentre study of 200 gastroschisis over 13 years (2000-2013). Collection of prenatal ultrasound evaluation on maternal and fetal growth parameters, intra- and extra-abdominal bowel and stomach dilation, abdominal wall defect diameter and changes in bowel appearance.

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Introduction: Germline-inactivating DICER1 mutations are responsible of a familial tumour susceptibility syndrome with an increased risk of tumours, mainly pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB). DICER1 mutations also cause a range of other tumours, some of them in urogenital organs (cystic nephroma [CN], ovarian sex cord-stromal tumours, bladder and cervix embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma [ERMS]).

Objective: The aim was to clarify the range of urogenital phenotypes associated with DICER1 mutations and to give practical course of action to paediatric urologist that are exposed to DICER1-related conditions.

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Objectives: For many diseases, the comparison of prenatal diagnosis with a histopathological reality is not always possible. Fetal lung pathology, with its high rate of surgery in postnatal, allows this assessment. This study proposes an approach to the reliability of prenatal diagnosis and analysis of the postnatal development of all children in care for congenital pulmonary malformation (CPM).

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Neonatal small left colon syndrome is a rare cause of bowel obstruction. Its etiology remains unknown, but a significant association has been noted between maternal diabetes and small left colon. No reported cases within the same family could be found in the literature, excepting 2 sets of twins.

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Background: Treatment of burned patients is a tricky clinical problem not only because of the extent of the physiologic abnormalities but also because of the limited area of normal skin available.

Methods: Literature indexed in the National Center (PubMed) has been reviewed using combinations of key words (burns, children, skin graft, tissue engineering, and keratinocyte grafts). Articles investigating the association between burns and graft therapeutic modalities have been considered.

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Objective: Severe burns in children are conventionally treated with split-thickness skin autografts or epidermal sheets. An alternative approach is to graft isolated keratinocytes. We evaluated foreskin and other anatomic sites as donor sources for autologous keratinocyte graft in children.

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Pulmonary agenesis is a rare congenital malformation of lung development defined as complete absence of lung tissues, bronchi, and pulmonary vessels; it may be uni- or bilateral. The right-sided form carries the poorest prognosis due to severity of co-existent anomalies. Its diagnostic circumstances are variables: first reported cases were diagnosed at autopsy, but early postnatal as well as fortuitous discovery have been reported.

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Purpose: A prospective national register was established in 2008 to record all new cases of live-birth newborns with esophageal atresia (EA). This epidemiological survey was recommended as part of a national rare diseases plan.

Methods: All 38 national centers treating EA participated by completing for each patient at first discharge a questionnaire validated by a national committee of experts.

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Severe burns in children are conventionally treated with split-thickness skin autografts or epidermal sheets. However, neither early complete healing nor quality of epithelialization is satisfactory. An alternative approach is to graft isolated keratinocytes.

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Pubertal gynecomastia is common, and may affect up to 70% adolescents boys. Its course is spontaneously benign with resolution occurring by age 18 years. Although the exact physio-pathological mechanism remains unknown, it is thought to result from hormonal imbalance between estrogens and testosterone at puberty.

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Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is characterized by abnormal thickening of the internal circular muscle layer. IHPS is known to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, but its precise causes and pathophysiology are poorly understood. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of the principal viruses targeting the respiratory and digestive tracts in children with IHPS.

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Pylephlebitis or septic thrombophlebitis of the portomesenteric veins is a complication of intra-abdominal infections. The disease is rare in children and the diagnosis is often delayed. The morbidity of pylephlebitis is relatively low, although there is a risk of residual thrombosis.

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Background: We performed a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of keratinocytes from foreskin in children.

Materials And Methods: We harvested 18 foreskins after circumcision. The mean average age of the operated children was 4 years.

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Objective: To evaluate the growth during the first two years of life in infants after unilateral cleft lip and palate neonatal repair.

Method: All mature infants with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (NSUCLP) born between 2004 and 2007 were included. Information concerning growth was collected.

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Purpose Of The Study: We tested in vitro the keratinocytes capacity for division and differentiation. The donor site was the human foreskin.

Patients And Methods: For 12 months, we harvested 18 foreskins after circumcision.

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Aim: We evaluated the utility of systematic neonatal radiological explorations in 20 instances of isolated cleft lip and palate in 20 cases.

Methods: This study included 13 infants with prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. The type of cleft and possible associated anomalies were noted.

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