[Is clinical judgment a suitable method to select marginal allograft for transplantation? A single centre experience].

In order to deal with the organ shortage, the use of organs from marginal donors has emerged as an obvious option. The decision to accept a kidney from an expanded criteria donor is left to the transplantation centre. This study was carried out to evaluate whether clinical judgment is a suitable method to decline a kidney from a marginal donor.

[News in peritoneal dialysis].

Peritoneal dialysis, like hemodialysis, is a first-line therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease. Progress in medical devices and materials has reduced infectious complications such as peritonitis and catheter exit-site infections and thus decreased morbidity. Peritoneal dialysis fluids are increasingly biocompatible, result in fewer glucose degradation products, protect the peritoneal membrane better and thus improve tolerance.

The evolution of weight and body composition in renal transplant recipients: Two-year longitudinal study.

Unlabelled: Previous series have reported weight gain after kidney transplantation. However few studies have investigated the body composition after kidney transplantation, particularly during longitudinal follow-up. In this prospective study, we assessed the changes in body composition after kidney transplantation.

[Prevention of malnutrition in peritoneal dialysis patients].

Malnutrition is a frequent and serious problem for patients treated by peritoneal dialysis. Patients' survival depends on their nutritional status at the initiation of the dialysis treatment. Main malnutrition factors are inflammation, insufficient dialysis dose, peritoneal glucidic absorption and protein loss within the dialysate.

[Distal vascular access for chronic hemodialysis in patients over 65 years of age. Surgical results].

Objective: To evaluate the results of vascular accesses for chronic haemodialysis in elderly patients.

Material And Methods: 56 consecutive vascular accesses for haemodialysis were performed from November 1993 to December 1995 in patients over the age of 65 years. The policy adopted was to prefer distal accesses: only forearm accesses, primary arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or radio-M venous bioprosthesis shunt (AVS) were performed.

Peritoneal ultrafiltration and refractory congestive heart failure.

This prospective nonrandomized study enrolled 16 patients with congestive heart failure [NYHA (New York Heart Association) III and IV] refractory to a maximal well-tolerated drug therapy. The aims were to evaluate if peritoneal ultrafiltration (PUF) could improve clinical conditions and to determine morbidity secondary to resistant congestive heart failure (RCHF) and PUF. There were 16 patients (12 male, 4 female) with a mean age of 65.

[Rheumatoid purpura during pregnancy].

We report the case of a 26 year old woman who presented a Henoch Schönlein purpura at 13 weeks' gestation. IgA glomerulonephritis without pejoratif feature was confirmed by renal biopsy. Corticosteroid therapy was unsuccessful on nephrotic syndrome.

[Quantitative detection of pp65 intraleukocyte cytomegalic antigen in renal transplantation].

Objective: To assess the clinical value of quantitative assay of leukocyte cytomegalovirus antigen (LCA) in the management of immunodepressed patients.

Methods: Thirty-three kidney transplant recipients followed a weekly follow-up protocol during the first 3 months after transplantation. LCA was compared with cytomegalovirus (CMV) detection in blood using fibroblast cell culture and with serology tests.

[Role of peritoneal dialysis in the treatment of terminal chronic renal insufficiency. Survival of patients and method].

Chronic peritoneal dialysis, especially continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, is now a modality of treatment for patients with end stage renal failure. The proportion of patients varies considerably from country to country. Non medical considerations seem to be the main reason for the limited development of the treatment modality.

Pharmacokinetics of rilmenidine in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and in hemodialysis patients.

The pharmacokinetics of rilmenidine (1 mg orally) was studied in 3 groups of patients with stable chronic renal insufficiency. This was an open, single-blind study following a single administration, and after 15 days of treatment. Group 1 included 11 patients with a creatinine clearance between 15 and 80 mL/min.

Pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

The pharmacokinetics of fluconazole given orally (100 mg) or intraperitoneally (50 and 150 mg) were determined in 15 patients with chronic renal failure who were undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The half-life (72 to 85 hours) was intermediate between values obtained in healthy volunteers and in patients with renal insufficiency studied during an interhaemodialysis period. The peritoneal clearance, 0.

[Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketoprofen. Therapeutic value in renal colic].

The pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketoprofen were evaluated in 37 patients suffering from acute ureteral colic. Four studies were established to obtain a rapid and persistent analgesic effect: group I: 100 mg of ketoprofen as bolus; group II: short infusion of 100 mg of ketoprofen (1.5 or 2 hours); group III: loading dose of 35 mg ketoprofen plus an infusion of 25 mg/h and 33 mg/h.

Foscarnet nephrotoxicity: mechanism, incidence and prevention.

Foscarnet is a pyrophosphate analogue that has been successfully used in severe cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections. Little is known of the incidence and mechanisms of foscarnet-induced nephrotoxicity as most data comes from recipients of renal allografts or from patients with severe underlying disease or with other nephrotoxic drugs. We have retrospectively analyzed the evolution of renal function after 56 courses of foscarnet.

[Prevention of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

The reduction in the peritonitis rate over recent years has been obtained as a result of the use of disconnectable systems in patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. This complication was previously one of the major reasons for withdrawal from the treatment. The reduction in peritonitis would appear to be due, in particular, to the flush effect performed in all of the patients using a Y-set system.

[Acute renal insufficiency and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs].

Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs cause an increasing number of renal disorders because of their increasing use. In addition to a toxic or immuno-allergic mechanism common to many medications, the side-effects are essentially related to the inhibition of prostaglandins biosynthesis which play a major role as soon as the renal blood flow is compromised. Acute renal failure of hemodynamic origin, interstitial nephropathy with or without nephrotic syndrome are the most characteristic manifestations of the renal toxicity of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs.