Exploring the Impact of Folic Acid Supplementation and Vitamin B12 Deficiency on Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Celiac Disease.

Celiac disease is a chronic small intestinal immune-mediated enteropathy precipitated by exposure to dietary gluten, affecting approximately 1% of the global population and two million Americans. An increasing number of studies have identified a link between celiac disease and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes during pregnancy and after birth. Additionally, both celiac disease and pregnancy are associated with an increased risk for nutrient deficiencies, specifically vitamin B12 and folate.

High-energy photoemission final states beyond the free-electron approximation.

Three-dimensional (3D) electronic band structure is fundamental for understanding a vast diversity of physical phenomena in solid-state systems, including topological phases, interlayer interactions in van der Waals materials, dimensionality-driven phase transitions, etc. Interpretation of ARPES data in terms of 3D electron dispersions is commonly based on the free-electron approximation for the photoemission final states. Our soft-X-ray ARPES data on Ag metal reveals, however, that even at high excitation energies the final states can be a way more complex, incorporating several Bloch waves with different out-of-plane momenta.

Guidance for Handling the Increasing Prevalence of Drugs Adulterated or Laced With Fentanyl.

The use of fentanyl and its analogs is the primary driver of deaths related to the opioid overdose crisis. In fall 2021, the U.S.

Identification of vascular cues contributing to cancer cell stemness and function.

Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) reside close to blood vessels (BVs) but vascular cues contributing to GSC stemness and the nature of GSC-BVs cross talk are not fully understood. Here, we dissected vascular cues influencing GSC gene expression and function to perfusion-based vascular cues, as well as to those requiring direct GSC-endothelial cell (EC) contacts. In light of our previous finding that perivascular tumor cells are metabolically different from tumor cells residing further downstream, cancer cells residing within a narrow, < 60 µm wide perivascular niche were isolated and confirmed to possess a superior tumor-initiation potential compared with those residing further downstream.

Medical cannabis oil for benign essential blepharospasm: a prospective, randomized controlled pilot study.

Objective: To examine the efficacy and safety of medical cannabis in benign essential blepharospasm (BEB).

Methods: This is a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. All consecutive adult BEB patients who had been treated with BTX-A injections without success between 3/2019 and 2/2020 were recruited.

MTADV 5-MER peptide suppresses chronic inflammations as well as autoimmune pathologies and unveils a new potential target-Serum Amyloid A.

Despite the existence of potent anti-inflammatory biological drugs e.g., anti-TNF and anti IL-6 receptor antibodies, for treating chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, these are costly and not specific.

Isolation of Tumor Cells Based on Their Distance from Blood Vessels.

Differential exposure of tumor cells to microenvironmental cues greatly impacts cell phenotypes, raising a need for position based sorting of tumor cells amenable to multiple OMICs and functional analyses. One such key determinant of tumor heterogeneity in solid tumors is its vasculature. Proximity to blood vessels (BVs) profoundly affects tumor cell phenotypes due to differential availability of oxygen, gradient exposure to blood-borne substances and inputs by angiocrine factors.

Intra-Tumoral Metabolic Zonation and Resultant Phenotypic Diversification Are Dictated by Blood Vessel Proximity.

Differential exposure of tumor cells to blood-borne and angiocrine factors results in diverse metabolic microenvironments conducive for non-genetic tumor cell diversification. Here, we harnessed a methodology for retrospective sorting of fully functional, stroma-free cancer cells solely on the basis of their relative distance from blood vessels (BVs) to unveil the whole spectrum of genes, metabolites, and biological traits impacted by BV proximity. In both grafted mouse tumors and natural human glioblastoma (GBM), mTOR activity was confined to few cell layers from the nearest perfused vessel.

Serine Synthesis via PHGDH Is Essential for Heme Production in Endothelial Cells.

The role of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a key enzyme of the serine synthesis pathway (SSP), in endothelial cells (ECs) remains poorly characterized. We report that mouse neonates with EC-specific PHGDH deficiency suffer lethal vascular defects within days of gene inactivation, due to reduced EC proliferation and survival. In addition to nucleotide synthesis impairment, PHGDH knockdown (PHGDH) caused oxidative stress, due not only to decreased glutathione and NADPH synthesis but also to mitochondrial dysfunction.

k-space imaging of anisotropic 2D electron gas in GaN/GaAlN high-electron-mobility transistor heterostructures.

Nanostructures based on buried interfaces and heterostructures are at the heart of modern semiconductor electronics as well as future devices utilizing spintronics, multiferroics, topological effects, and other novel operational principles. Knowledge of electronic structure of these systems resolved in electron momentum k delivers unprecedented insights into their physics. Here we explore 2D electron gas formed in GaN/AlGaN high-electron-mobility transistor heterostructures with an ultrathin barrier layer, key elements in current high-frequency and high-power electronics.

Large positive linear magnetoresistance in the two-dimensional t electron gas at the EuO/SrTiO interface.

The development of novel nano-oxide spintronic devices would benefit greatly from interfacing with emergent phenomena at oxide interfaces. In this paper, we integrate highly spin-split ferromagnetic semiconductor EuO onto perovskite SrTiO (001). A careful deposition of Eu metal by molecular beam epitaxy results in EuO growth via oxygen out-diffusion from SrTiO.

Electronic structure of (In,Mn)As quantum dots buried in GaAs investigated by soft-x-ray ARPES.

Electronic structure of a molecular beam epitaxy-grown system of (In,Mn)As quantum dots (QDs) buried in GaAs is explored with soft-x-ray angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) using photon energies around 1 keV. This technique, ideally suited for buried systems, extends the momentum-resolving capabilities of conventional ARPES with enhanced probing depth as well as elemental and chemical state specificity achieved with resonant photoexcitation. The experimental results resolve the dispersive energy bands of the GaAs substrate buried in ∼2 nm below the surface, and the impurity states (ISs) derived from the substitutional Mn atoms in the (In,Mn)As QDs and oxidized Mn atoms distributed near the surface.

Nesting-driven multipolar order in CeB6 from photoemission tomography.

Some heavy fermion materials show so-called hidden-order phases which are invisible to many characterization techniques and whose microscopic origin remained controversial for decades. Among such hidden-order compounds, CeB6 is of model character due to its simple electronic configuration and crystal structure. Apart from more conventional antiferromagnetism, it shows an elusive phase at low temperatures, which is commonly associated with multipolar order.

Fermi states and anisotropy of Brillouin zone scattering in the decagonal Al-Ni-Co quasicrystal.

Quasicrystals (QCs) are intermetallic alloys that have excellent long-range order but lack translational symmetry in at least one dimension. The valence band electronic structure near the Fermi energy EF in such materials is of special interest since it has a direct relation to their unusual physical properties. However, the Fermi surface (FS) topology as well as the mechanism of QC structure stabilization are still under debate.

Fermi Surface of Three-Dimensional La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 Explored by Soft-X-Ray ARPES: Rhombohedral Lattice Distortion and its Effect on Magnetoresistance.

Electronic structure of the three-dimensional colossal magnetoresistive perovskite La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO3 has been established using soft-x-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with its intrinsically sharp definition of three-dimensional electron momentum. The experimental results show much weaker polaronic coupling compared to the bilayer manganites and are consistent with the theoretical band structure including the empirical Hubbard parameter U. The experimental Fermi surface unveils the canonical topology of alternating three-dimensional electron spheres and hole cubes, with their shadow contours manifesting the rhombohedral lattice distortion.

Cannabis for inflammatory bowel disease.

The marijuana plant Cannabis sativa has been used for centuries as a treatment for a variety of ailments. It contains over 60 different cannabinoid compounds. Studies have revealed that the endocannabinoid system is involved in almost all major immune events.

Treatment of Crohn's disease with cannabis: an observational study.

Background: The marijuana plant cannabis is known to have therapeutic effects, including improvement of inflammatory processes. However, no report of patients using cannabis for Crohn's disease (CD) was ever published.

Objectives: To describe the effects of cannabis use in patients suffering from CD.

[Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with imatinib mesylate: a center-based study of 13 patients].

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare mesenchymal tumors, with specific histological characteristics. These tumors are resistant to conventional radiation and chemotherapy treatment and therefore, patients with unresectable or metastatic GIST have a poor prognosis. Imatinib, a c-kit tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has recently been found to be highly effective for patients with advanced GIST.

The amino terminus of Epstein-Barr virus glycoprotein gH is important for fusion with epithelial and B cells.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects B lymphocytes and epithelial cells. While the glycoproteins required for entry into these two cell types differ, the gH/gL glycoprotein complex is essential for entry into both epithelial and B cells. Analysis of gH protein sequences from three gammaherpesviruses (EBV, marmoset, and rhesus) revealed a potential coiled-coil domain in the N terminus.

Latent membrane protein 2A, a viral B cell receptor homologue, induces CD5+ B-1 cell development.

The latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) of EBV plays a key role in regulating viral latency and EBV pathogenesis by functionally mimicking a constitutively active B cell Ag receptor. When expressed as a B cell-specific transgene in mice, LMP2A drives B cell development, resulting in the bypass of normal developmental checkpoints. In this study, we have demonstrated that expression of LMP2A in transgenic mice results in B cell development that exclusively favors B-1 cells.

Non-specific back pain in children and adolescents: a prospective study until maturity.

Fifty-eight children with non-specific back pain lasting for at least 3 months were included in this prospective study. Not included were children with radicular pain or with abnormal findings on clinical examination, radiography, bone scan, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. They were all re-examined after skeletal maturity, on average 7.

[Primary well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum--a rare but important differential diagnosis].

The primary well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum is a rare neoplasm, characterized by an indolent course and good prognosis. We report the case of a 55-year-old male, who presented progressive abdominal swelling due to ascites. On computerized tomography, the peritoneum was diffusely thickened and irregular.

Diagnosis of cancer-associated vascular disorders.

Background: Unexplained thromboembolism may be an early indicator of the presence of a malignant tumor before signs and symptoms of the tumor itself become obvious.

Methods: A survey of the MEDLINE data-base was conducted concerning cancer-associated vascular disorders and their role in the diagnosis of hidden cancer. The spectrum of vascular disorders heralding occult cancer and the associated laboratory abnormalities were scrutinized.