Molecular clustering on ctDNA improves the prognostic stratification of DLBCL patients compared to ctDNA levels.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels can help predict outcomes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), but its integration with DLBCL molecular clusters remains unexplored. Using the LymphGen tool in 77 DLBCL with both ctDNA and tissue biopsy, a 95.8% concordance rate in molecular cluster assignment was observed, showing the reproducibility of molecular clustering on ctDNA.

Sex differences in ectopic lipid deposits and cardiac function across a wide range of glycemic control: a secondary analysis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify sex differences in ntrahepatocellular (HCL) and intramyocardial lipids (MYCL) and cardiac function in participants with different grades of glucometabolic impairment and different BMI strata.

Methods: Data from 503 individuals from 17 clinical experimental studies were analyzed. HCL and MYCL were assessed with 3T and 7T scanners by magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Investigating a New Way to Assess Metabolic Risk in Pregnant Females with Prior RYGB Surgery.

Background: Obesity in pregnancy is linked to adverse clinical outcomes such as gestational diabetes. Recently, a risk score calculated by different ceramide concentrations was recognized as a new way to investigate cardiovascular risk. The aim was to analyze if the ceramide risk score and cardiometabolic risk vary between normal-weight, obese, and females with prior Roux-en-Y bypass surgery (RYGB) during pregnancy.

The Effects of Caloric Restriction and Clinical Psychological Intervention on the Interplay of Gut Microbial Composition and Stress in Women.

Both mental and metabolic disorders are steadily becoming more prevalent, increasing interest in non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions targeting both types of disorders. However, the combined effect of diet and psychological interventions on the gut microbiome and mental health outcomes remains underexplored. Thus, in this study, we randomized 41 women into two caloric restriction (CR) dietary groups, namely very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) and F.

Sex differences in the diagnostic algorithm of screening for heart failure by symptoms and NT-proBNP in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the guideline recommended diagnostic tools NT-proBNP and NYHA classification, with a focus on sex-specific differences.

Background: Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) face a heart failure (HF) risk up to four times higher than those without T2D, particularly affecting women more than twice as much as men. Despite distinct pathophysiological differences between men and women, there are currently no sex-specific recommendations for the diagnostic algorithm of HF in diabetic patients.

Unraveling cradle-to-grave disease trajectories from multilayer comorbidity networks.

We aim to comprehensively identify typical life-spanning trajectories and critical events that impact patients' hospital utilization and mortality. We use a unique dataset containing 44 million records of almost all inpatient stays from 2003 to 2014 in Austria to investigate disease trajectories. We develop a new, multilayer disease network approach to quantitatively analyze how cooccurrences of two or more diagnoses form and evolve over the life course of patients.

Correlation between skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine and phosphocreatine metabolism during submaximal exercise and recovery: interleaved H/P MRS 7 T study.

Acetylcarnitine is an essential metabolite for maintaining metabolic flexibility and glucose homeostasis. The in vivo behavior of muscle acetylcarnitine content during exercise has not been shown with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the behavior of skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine during rest, plantar flexion exercise, and recovery in the human gastrocnemius muscle under aerobic conditions.

Gpcpd1-GPC metabolic pathway is dysfunctional in aging and its deficiency severely perturbs glucose metabolism.

Skeletal muscle plays a central role in the regulation of systemic metabolism during lifespan. With aging, this function is perturbed, initiating multiple chronic diseases. Our knowledge of mechanisms responsible for this decline is limited.

Standardising personalised diabetes care across European health settings: A person-centred outcome set agreed in a multinational Delphi study.

Objective: Standardised person-reported outcomes (PRO) data can contextualise clinical outcomes enabling precision diabetes monitoring and care. Comprehensive outcome sets can guide this process, but their implementation in routine diabetes care has remained challenging and unsuccessful at international level. We aimed to address this by developing a person-centred outcome set for Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, using a methodology with prospects for increased implementability and sustainability in international health settings.

Diabetes incidence in Austria: The role of famines on diabetes and related NCDs.

Undernutrition in early life associates with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in later life. Whether similar associations hold for other diseases remains unclear. We aim to quantify how perinatal exposure to famines relates to the risk of becoming incident with type 2 diabetes in later life.

The Interplay of Adipokines, Body Composition and Glucose Homeostasis in Pregnant Women with a History of RYGB Operation.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass operations (RYGB-OP) and pregnancy alter glucose homeostasis and the adipokine profile. This study investigates the relationship between adipokines and glucose metabolism during pregnancy post-RYGB-OP. (1) Methods: This is a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study during pregnancy in 25 women with an RYGB-OP (RY), 19 women with obesity (OB), and 19 normal-weight (NW) controls.

Trends in diabetes incidence in Austria 2013-2017.

This study aims to quantify whether age and sex groups in Austrian regions are equally affected by the rise of type 2 diabetes. Population-wide medical claims data was obtained for citizens in Austria aged above 50 year, who received antihyperglycemic treatments or underwent HbA1c monitoring between 2012 and 2017. Diabetes incidence was measured using an epidemiological diabetes progression model accounting for patients who discontinued antihyperglycemic therapy; the erratic group.

Obesity as pleiotropic risk state for metabolic and mental health throughout life.

Obesity, a highly prevalent disorder and central diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome, is linked to mental health by clinical observations and biological pathways. Patients with a diagnosis of obesity may show long-lasting increases in risk for receiving psychiatric co-diagnoses. Austrian national registry data of inpatient services from 1997 to 2014 were analyzed to detect associations between a hospital diagnosis of obesity (ICD-10: E66) and disorders grouped by level-3 ICD-10 codes.

Systematic population-wide ecological analysis of regional variability in disease prevalence.

The prevalence of diseases often varies substantially from region to region. Besides basic demographic properties, the factors that drive the variability of each prevalence are to a large extent unknown. Here we show how regional prevalence variations in 115 different diseases relate to demographic, socio-economic, environmental factors and migratory background, as well as access to different types of health services such as primary, specialized and hospital healthcare.

[Sex and gender-specific aspects in prediabetes and diabetes mellitus-clinical recommendations (Update 2023)].

Metabolic diseases dramatically affect the life of men and women from infancy up to old age in different and manifold ways and are a major challenge for the healthcare system. The treating physicians are confronted with the different needs of women and men in the clinical routine. Gender-specific differences affect pathophysiology, screening, diagnostic and treatment strategies of diseases as well as the development of complications and mortality rates.

Sex differences in type 2 diabetes.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing in both sexes, but men are usually diagnosed at a younger age and lower body fat mass than women. Worldwide, an estimated 17.7 million more men than women have diabetes mellitus.

Potential role of skeletal muscle glycerophosphocholine in response to altered fluid balance in humans: an in vivo nuclear magnetic resonance study.

Many cells adapt to hyperosmolal conditions by upregulation of organic osmolytes to maintain cell function and integrity. Glycerophosphocholine (GPC), a recognized osmolyte in renal medullary cells, is the major phosphodiester (PDE) in human skeletal muscle, wherefore we hypothesized muscular GPC to be associated with surrogate parameters of fluid status and osmolality in healthy humans. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of muscular GPC with surrogate parameters of body fluid status and osmolality.

Simvastatin therapy in higher dosages deteriorates bone quality: Consistent evidence from population-wide patient data and interventional mouse studies.

Background: Combining mouse experiments with big data analysis of the Austrian population, we investigated the association between high-dose statin treatment and bone quality.

Methods: The bone microarchitecture of the femur and vertebral body L4 was measured in male and ovariectomized female mice on a high-fat diet containing simvastatin (1.2 g/kg).

Need for improving immunization status and preventive care in diabetes mellitus patients.

Background: The incidence and the comorbidities, such as infectious diseases (e.g. pneumonia or influenza) of diabetes mellitus are increasing.

Criteria for prediabetes and posttransplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: A 2-year diagnostic accuracy study of participants from a randomized controlled trial.

Posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] and impaired fasting glucose [IFG]) are associated with cardiovascular events. We assessed the diagnostic performance of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA as alternatives to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPG) using sensitivity and specificity in 263 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) from a clinical trial. Between visits at 6, 12, and 24 months after transplantation, 28%-31% of patients switched glycemic category (normal glucose tolerance [NGT], IGT/IFG, PTDM).

Inflammatory Gene Expression Associates with Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA- but Not Integrant-Derived Transcripts in HBeAg Negative Disease.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem that presents as a spectrum of liver disease, reflecting an interplay between the virus and the host immune system. HBV genomes exist as episomal covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) or chromosomal integrants. The relative contribution of these genomes to the viral transcriptome in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is not well-understood.

Sex Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with SARS-CoV-2-Infection Admitted to Intensive Care Units in Austria.

Importance: A male predominance is reported in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 alongside a higher mortality rate in men compared to women.

Objective: To assess if the reported sex bias in the COVID-19 pandemic is validated by analysis of a subset of patients with severe disease.

Design: A nationwide retrospective cohort study was performed using the Austrian National COVID Database.