Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate protects against Aβ-induced cell toxicity through regulating Aβ process.

Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) has been reported to prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, two in vitro models, Aβ-treated SH-SY5Y cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells transfected with APPsw (SH-SY5Y-APPsw cells), were employed to investigate the neuroprotective of STS.

First meeting in Asia of the Asia Pacific Research Integrity network.

In 2017, the University of Hong Kong and the University of California San Diego co-hosted the first Asian meeting of the recently formed Asia Pacific Research Integrity (APRI) network in Hong Kong. Aligned with planning meetings in 2015 and 2016 funded in part by the US Office of Research Integrity (ORI), the Hong Kong meeting was designed by a multi-national planning committee to address pressing challenges in research integrity: improving multi-national communication; exchanging information on managing misconduct investigations; and sharing best practices to promote research integrity. To create a sustainable, robust international partnership to promote research integrity in the region, the purpose of this 2017 meeting was to foster multi-national awareness, understanding, and opportunities for collaboration.

Evaluation of an expectation and outcome measurement questionnaire in ankle fracture patients: The Trauma Expectation Factor Trauma Outcomes Measure (TEFTOM) Eurasia study.

Background: The Trauma Expectation Factor Trauma Outcomes Measure (TEFTOM) questionnaire is a self-administered, patient-rated outcome measurement questionnaire designed to measure both 'expectation' and 'outcome' in orthopaedic trauma patients using two subsets of 10 items. We aimed to validate this instrument in a culturally diverse cohort of patients recruited from Asian and European regions.

Methods: A total of 193 adult patients with surgically treated AO Foundation/Orthopaedic Trauma Association types 43 and 44 ankle malleolar and distal tibia fractures were recruited with 158 followed up till 1 year.

Water Exchange (WE) and Quality Improvement-Enhanced Advanced Adenoma Detection: A Pooled Data Analysis of 6 Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Advanced adenomas (≥10 mm in diameter, >25% villous, or high-grade dysplasia), a marker of colorectal cancer risk, are used to stratify patients for closer surveillance. Modern accessories, endoscopes, and age-adjusted evaluation have variable impacts on the advanced adenoma detection rate (AADR). In 1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing air insufflation (AI) with water exchange (WE), the right colon AADR was significantly increased by WE.

An overview of deep learning algorithms and water exchange in colonoscopy in improving adenoma detection.

: Among the Gastrointestinal (GI) Endoscopy Editorial Board top 10 topics in advances in endoscopy in 2018, water exchange colonoscopy and artificial intelligence were both considered important advances. Artificial intelligence holds the potential to increase and water exchange significantly increases adenoma detection.: The authors searched MEDLINE (1998-2019) using the following medical subject terms: water-aided, water-assisted and water exchange colonoscopy, adenoma, artificial intelligence, deep learning, computer-assisted detection, and neural networks.

A "Tea and Cookies" Approach: Co-designing Cancer Screening Interventions with Patients Living with Low Income.

Background: In our primary care organization, we have observed income gradients in cancer screening for our patients despite outreach. We hypothesized that outreach strategies could be improved upon to be more compelling for our patients living with low income.

Objective: To use co-design to adapt our current strategies and create new strategies to improve cancer screening uptake for patients living with low income.

Underwater versus conventional endoscopic resection of nondiminutive nonpedunculated colorectal lesions: a prospective randomized controlled trial (with video).

Background And Aims: Incomplete resection of colorectal neoplasia decreases the efficacy of colonoscopy. Conventional resection (CR) of polyps, performed in a gas-distended colon, is the current standard, but incomplete resection rates of approximately 2% to 30% for nondiminutive (>5 mm), nonpedunculated lesions are reported. Underwater resection (UR) is a novel technique.

Effect of the screw tightening sequence on the stress distribution of a dynamic compression plate: A pilot finite element study.

Objective: Although the optimal screw tightening sequence is a common question orthopaedists encounter during fractures fixation with a dynamic compression plate (DCP), the effect of the screw tightening sequence on the stability of the plate has never been explored. This study explores the effect of the screw tightening sequence on the stress distribution of a DCP using a finite element method.

Methods: Idealized finite element analysis models of the femoral diaphysis with six-hole or eight-hole DCPs were constructed.

Feasibility of sedation on demand in Taiwan using water exchange and air insufflation: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Completion of colonoscopy without sedation eliminates sedation cost and complications. Reported in the United States and Europe, on-demand sedation is not routine practice in Taiwan. Water exchange (WE), characterized by infusion and nearly complete removal of infused water during insertion, reduces insertion pain compared to air insufflation (AI) during colonoscopy.

Water exchange colonoscopy decreased adenoma miss rates compared with literature data and local data with CO insufflation: an observational study.

Background: Reports showed adenoma miss rates (AMRs) of 22.5-27% in the right colon and 23.4-33.

The Hong Kong Survey on the Epidemiology of Trauma Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

This study examined the epidemiology of trauma exposure (TE) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among community-dwelling Chinese adults in Hong Kong. Multistage stratification sampling design was used, and 5,377 participants were included. In Phase 1, TE, probable PTSD (p-PTSD), and psychiatric comorbid conditions were examined.

A Retrospective Review on Atypical Femoral Fracture: Operative Outcomes and the Risk Factors for Failure.

Background: Atypical femoral fractures have been demonstrated to have high risks of reoperation and nonunion. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the quality of reduction following operative fixation of atypical femoral fracture predicts failure.

Methods: This is a 6.

Paediatric reference intervals for 17 Roche cobas 8000 e602 immunoassays in the CALIPER cohort of healthy children and adolescents.

Background The diagnostic utility of laboratory tests in paediatric medicine relies heavily on the availability of appropriate reference intervals (RIs). The Canadian Laboratory Initiative on Paediatric Reference Intervals (CALIPER) has established a comprehensive database of covariate-stratified RIs for many paediatric laboratory tests using a large, healthy reference population. Several automated analysers in widespread use in clinical laboratories have already been studied.

Founder Mutation c.1516A>C in KLHL40 Is a Frequent Cause of Nemaline Myopathy With Hyponatremia in Ethnic Chinese.

KLHL40-related nemaline myopathy is a severe autosomal recessive muscle disorder. The current study describes 4 cases of KLHL40-related nemaline myopathy in Hong Kong ethnic Chinese presenting within 3 years, which are confirmed with clinicopathologic features and genetic studies. The incidence is estimated to be at least 1 in 45 226 livebirths (at least 1 in 41 608 among ethnic Chinese livebirths) in Hong Kong.

Service-learning Curriculum Design and Implementation at the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Community service-learning is an integral component of the undergraduate medical experience, as it provides students with the opportunity to respond to and address societal issues.

Dual-Controlled Macroscopic Motions in a Supramolecular Hierarchical Assembly of Motor Amphiphiles.

Three-dimensional unidirectionally aligned and responsive supramolecular hierarchical assemblies have much potential in adaptive materials for biomedical and soft actuator applications. However, to achieve systematical control of the motion of stimuli-responsive materials by orthogonal external stimuli and to complete a series of complicated tasks remains a grand challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a novel designed hybrid supramolecular assembly of molecular motor amphiphiles that also serves as a template for iron nanoparticles growth, and as a consequence this soft hybrid material is orthogonally controlled by dual light/magnetic stimuli.

Open-label clinical trial of alendronate after teriparatide therapy in people with spinal cord injury and low bone mineral density.

Study Design: Non-randomized open-label clinical trial of oral alendronate after teriparatide therapy in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) and low bone mineral density (BMD).

Objectives: To determine if alendronate would prevent bone loss after discontinuation of teriparatide.

Setting: Outpatient research clinic at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

Reduction of multitasking distractions underlies the higher adenoma detection rate of water exchange compared to air insufflation - blinded analysis of withdrawal phase videos.

Background: Experts have hypothesized that a reduction of multitasking distractions and improved bowel cleanliness can explain why insertion water exchange enhances adenoma detection rate.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test the role of both distractions during withdrawal and bowel cleanliness in enhancing adenoma detection rate using coded video records of colonoscopy.

Methods: The withdrawal phase of videos of 299 consecutive colonoscopies from two randomized controlled trials comparing water exchange versus air insufflation at a regional hospital in Taiwan were coded.

A prospective RCT comparing combined chromoendoscopy with water exchange (CWE) vs water exchange (WE) vs air insufflation (AI) in adenoma detection in screening colonoscopy.

Background: A low adenoma detection rate (ADR) increases risks of interval cancers (ICs). Proximal colon flat polyps, e.g.

Anoikis resistant mediated by FASN promoted growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma.

The pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma (OS) occurs commonly, which resulted from anoikis resistant (AR) of tumor cells as reported by previous studies, but the exact roles of AR in osteosarcoma were not fully studied. Our previous investigations showed fatty acid synthase (FASN) was relating to clinical features of patients with OS. In this study, we aim to explore the functions of FASN in the AR OS cells in vitro and in vivo and study the downstream effectors of FASN.

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Editorial Board top 10 topics: advances in GI endoscopy in 2018.

The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy's Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Editorial Board reviewed original endoscopy-related articles published during 2018 in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and 10 other leading medical and gastroenterology journals. Votes from each individual member were tallied to identify a consensus list of 10 topic areas of major advances in GI endoscopy. Individual board members summarized important findings published in these 10 areas of adenoma detection, bariatric endoscopy, EMR/submucosal dissection/full-thickness resection, artificial intelligence, expandable metal stents for palliation of biliary obstruction, pancreatic therapy with lumen-apposing metal stents, endoscope reprocessing, Barrett's esophagus, interventional EUS, and GI bleeding.

Bone resorption triggered by high radial stress: The mechanism of screw loosening in plate fixation of long bone fractures.

Screw loosening is a common complication in plate fixation. However, the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study investigated screw loosening mechanisms by finite element analysis (FEA) simulation and clinical X-ray feature analysis.