Damage control resuscitation: how it's done and where we can improve. A view of the Brazilian reality according to trauma professionals.

Introduction: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable deaths in trauma patients, resulting in 1.5 million deaths annually worldwide. Traditional trauma assessment follows the ABC (airway, breathing, circulation) sequence; evidence suggests the CAB (circulation, airway, breathing) approach to maintain perfusion and prevent hypotension.

Effects of Hydrolysed Poultry Byproduct Meal on Metabolic, Inflammatory and Oxidative Parameters in Cats.

Hydrolysed proteins are of interest owing to their potential effects on metabolic and physiological responses, low allergenicity and high digestibility. This study aimed to evaluate the use of hydrolysed poultry byproduct meal (HPM) as a replacement for conventional poultry byproduct meal (PBM) as a protein source and to study its effects on serum cytokines, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, serum antioxidant parameters, blood pressure, and urinary parameters in cats. The replacement of PBM with HPM was evaluated using five formulations with similar chemical compositions: control (PBM as the sole protein source) and the inclusion of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% HPM (on an as-fed basis).

A new approach: preventive protocols with yeast products and essential oils can reduce the in-feed use of antibiotics in growing-finishing pigs.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of yeast products () and essential oils () in total or partial replacement to in-feed antibiotic protocols (growth promoter and prophylactic), both in recommended doses and in overdose of prophylactic antibiotics (), on growth performance, and diarrhea incidence in the growing-finishing pigs; and fecal microbiota in market hogs. Four hundred pigs (20.36 ± 2.

Biliary complications associated with weight loss, cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

Biliary complications like cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis are more common in bariatric surgery patients due to obesity and rapid weight loss. Patients with a body mass index > 40 face an eightfold risk of developing cholelithiasis. Post-bariatric surgery, especially after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), 30% of patients develop biliary disease due to rapid weight loss.

Comparison of the precursor, amino acid oxidation, and end-product methods for the evaluation of protein turnover in senior dogs.

Stable isotope methods have been used to study protein metabolism in humans; however, there application in dogs has not been frequently explored. The present study compared the methods of precursor (13C-Leucine), end-products (15N-Glycine), and amino acid oxidation (13C-Phenylalanine) to determine the whole-body protein turnover rate in senior dogs. Six dogs (12.

Antibacterial, Trichomonacidal, and Cytotoxic Activities of Extracts.

is a fern documented in ethnobotanical records for its use in Mexican traditional medicine to treat gastric disorders and mouth ulcers. Consequently, conducting biological and pharmacological assays is crucial to validate the therapeutic efficacy of this plant within the context of traditional medicine. In the present study, we investigated the biological activity of extracts and fractions obtained from organs against bacteria (, , , , , , and using in vitro models.

Enhancing Weaned Piglet Health and Performance: The Role of Autolyzed Yeast () and β-Glucans as a Blood Plasma Alternative in Diets.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of the autolyzed yeast (AY) with or without an immunomodulator (1,3/1,6 β-glucans) as a total/partial substitute for blood plasma (BP) in the diet of post-weaning piglets; zootechnical performance, intestinal health and microbiota, immune responses and energy metabolism were assessed. A total of 240 castrated male and female piglets, with a mean age of 22 days and mean initial weight of 5.24 ± 0.

High starch intake favours body weight control in neutered and spayed cats living in homes fed .

Different starch-to-protein ratios were compared among neutered and spayed domiciled cats. Male and female obese and non-obese cats were fed kibble diets for 4 months high in starch (HS (38 % crude protein (CP)): starch 32 %, protein 38 %; DM basis) or high in protein (HP (55 % CP): starch 19 %, protein 55 %) but similar in energy and fat in a crossover design. Physical activity was evaluated using an accelerometer, and body composition (BC), energy expenditure (EE) and water turnover (WT) using the doubly labelled water method.

Intake of energy, protein, amino acids and minerals by dogs under energy restriction for body weight loss when fed with commercial weight loss diets.

This retrospective study evaluated energy and nutrient intake of dogs in a weight loss programme. Ninety-four obese dogs were divided into three groups: G5-15: from 5% to 15% body weight (BW) loss (n = 55); G155-25: from 15.1% to 25% BW loss (n = 29); and G > 25: more than 25.

Energy expenditure of red-footed tortoises () fed kibble diets with high levels of fibre, starch, or fat.

Knowledge of energy requirements is necessary to optimise the nutritional management of animals. For tortoises, very little is known about their nutrient and energy requirements. Data on substrate oxidation and the implications of starch or fat intake on the energy metabolism are lacking.

Endorhizal fungal symbiosis in lycophytes and metal(loid)-accumulating ferns growing naturally in mine wastes in Mexico.

Ferns and lycophytes are pioneer plants that can be useful for revegetation. Their natural distribution and interaction with soil fungal endophytes can increase plant fitness but have received little attention. This study aimed to identify these plant species in mine wastes, and determine colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE).

Effect of orange fibre on nutrient digestibility and fermentation products in faeces of cats fed kibble diets.

The aim of the present study was to compare orange fibre, beet pulp and inulin as fibre sources for cats. A control diet (CON) was formulated without inclusion of a fibre source. Further experimental diets were also based on diet CON but were supplemented with 1% orange fibre (diet 1%OF); 3% orange fibre (diet 3%OF); 3% beet pulp (diet 3%BP) or 1% inulin (diet 1%IN).

An investigation about chronic prostatitis in ankylosing spondylitis.

Background: Chronic prostatitis has been a common disease reported with high frequency in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) even from decades ago. Infectious (Chlamydia trachomatis) or non-infectious (uric acid) prostatitis can hypothetically trigger vertebral inflammation in AS. This study aimed to assess the features of chronic prostatitis in patients with AS compared to healthy controls.

Angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockade improves hyporesponsiveness to vasopressors in septic shock.

Sepsis activates the renin-angiotensin system and the production of angiotensin II, which has a key role in the regulation of blood pressure through AT receptors. However, excessive activation of AT receptor is associated with deleterious effects. We investigated the consequences of a differential blockade of AT receptor caused by two doses of losartan (0.

Threonine incorporation in tissues of growing broiler chickens using L-[ N] threonine.

Most amino acid requirement trials appear for whole-body responses, but there is little information concerning amino acid incorporation in individual tissues, which may vary according to the age. L-[ N] threonine was used to evaluate its incorporation rate and distribution among broiler tissues in different ages. Seventy-two male broiler chickens were distributed into three different phases: starter (4 to 9 days old), grower (18 to 23 days old) and finisher phase (32 to 37 days old).

Supplemental phytase derived from E. coli in different concentrations on performance, bone mineralization and cost of broilers diets.

The trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of E. coli phytase on performance, weight and ash of bones, as well as to determine the bioavailability of P and cost/benefit of its use in diets. A total 1,890 Cobb male day old chicks were assigned to six treatments and seven replicates with 45 birds each, distributed in a completely randomized design.

Musical stimulation proposal for hearing impaired children: case reports.

Purpose: To develop and to apply a musical stimulation program for children using Cochlear Implant.

Method: The research was conducted at the Educational Audiology Outpatient Clinic, UNIFESP, and was carried out in two stages - conception of the musical stimulation activities and its application in five children using Cochlear Implant, aged between 2 and 5 years, who had been under speech therapy for at least 12 months. The study group was submitted to six sessions of musical stimulation.

Efficiency of methionine and cystine utilization by broiler chickens using stable isotopes.

The aim of this study was to develop a method to determine the efficiency of utilization of Met and Cys using stable isotopes in order to reduce the number of sacrificed animals relative to the comparative slaughter technique. Met and Cys efficiencies were obtained separately and as total SAA values. Twenty-one 14- to 28-day-old broiler chickens were fed experimental diets containing different Met:Cys ratios (44:56, 50:50 and 56:44).

Methionine to cystine ratio in the total sulfur amino acid requirements and sulfur amino acid metabolism using labelled amino acid approach for broilers.

Background: Assuming that part of Methionine (Met) is converted into Cystine (Cys), but ignoring the rates with which such phenomenon occurs may lead to an excessive supply of Met in poultry diets. Such inconvenient could be easily avoided with the knowledge of the ideal Met:Cys/Total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) ratio and the rates of Met conversion into Cys.

Results: Met sources did not affect performance.

Oral Delivery of a High Quercetin Payload Nanosized Emulsion: In Vitro and In Vivo Activity Against B16-F10 Melanoma.

Quercetin is a natural compound that has several biological activities including anticancer activity. However, the use of this drug has been limited mostly because of its poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Therefore, the development of quercetin-loaded nanocarrier systems may be considered a promising advance to exploit its therapeutic properties in clinical setting including cancer treatment.

Curcumin-loaded lipid and polymeric nanocapsules stabilized by nonionic surfactants: an in vitro and In vivo antitumor activity on B16-F10 melanoma and macrophage uptake comparative study.

Curcumin is a polyphenol obtained from the plant Curcuma longa (called turmeric) that displays several pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumoral activity, but clinical use has been limited by its poor solubility in water and, consequently, minimal systemic bioavailability. We have therefore formulated the drug into nanocarrier systems in an attempt to improve its therapeutic properties. This study evaluates the effect of intraperitoneally administered nanocapsules containing curcumin on subcutaneous melanoma in mice inoculated with B16-F10 cells, and on the cytotoxicity activity against B16-F10 cells in vitro.

Trimethoxy-chalcone derivatives inhibit growth of Leishmania braziliensis: synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular modeling and structure-activity relationship (SAR).

In this work we described the synthesis, the antileishmanial activity and the molecular modeling and structure-activity relationship (SAR) evaluations of a series of chalcone derivatives. Among these compounds, the methoxychalcones 2h, 2i, 2j, 2k and 2l showed significant antileishmanial activity (IC(50)<10 μM). Interestingly 2i (IC(50)=2.

[Presence, abundance and reproductive strategies of ferns in disturbed areas of Sierra Nevada, México].

Diverse reproductive strategies shown by ferns and lycophytes allow them to colonize a variety of habitats, particularly after the incidence of natural or anthropogenic disturbances. This study assessed the presence, abundance and reproductive strategies of ferns growing in soils of temperate forests with different levels of disturbance at the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the State of Mexico. Vegetation, soil and environmental variables were recorded in 200 m2 permanent plots located in four forest stands.

[Architecture and leaf anatomy of the Polypodium plesiosorum sensu Moran complex (Polypodiaceae)].

Architecture and leaf anatomy of the Polypodium plesiosorum sensu Moran complex (Polypodiaceae). The Polypodium plesisorum complex is a heterogeneous morphology group. We studied leaf architecture and anatomy of 12 species of this group, in addition to other 23 species of Polypodium (P.