Effect of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes at 15 days in patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019: randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether tocilizumab improves clinical outcomes for patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19).

Design: Randomised, open label trial.

Setting: Nine hospitals in Brazil, 8 May to 17 July 2020.

Study protocol for the Balanced Solution versus Saline in Intensive Care Study (BaSICS): a factorial randomised trial.

Background: The effectiveness and safety of balanced crystalloid fluids compared with saline (0.9% sodium chloride) as a fluid of choice in critically ill patients remain unclear. The effects of different fluid infusion rates on outcomes are also unknown.