Trends of Self-Reported Health Consequences of Violence from 2000 to 2018 and Associated Factors in Mexican Adolescents and Adult Women at the National Level.

Violence has negative effects on women's physical, mental, sexual, reproductive, and behavioral health. Globally, 50% to 80% of women who have experienced violence suffer some health consequences. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and trends of self-reported health consequences of violence among Mexican adolescents and women from 2000 to 2018.

Prenatal Arsenic Exposure on DNA Methylation of and Genes of Newborns from the POSGRAD Birth Cohort Study.

Exposure to arsenic (As) is a public health problem associated with cancer (skin and colon) and it has been reported that epigenetic changes may be a potential mechanism of As carcinogenesis. It is pertinent to evaluate this process in genes that have been associated with cancer, such as and Gestation and delivery data were obtained from the POSGRAD study. Exposure to As was measured in urine during pregnancy.

Effect of ultra-processed food intake on metabolic syndrome components and body fat in children and adolescents: A systematic review based on cohort studies.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to thoroughly review the scientific literature related to cohort studies that evaluated the association between the intake of ultra-processed foods, according to the NOVA classification, and the increase in the components of metabolic syndrome and body fat in children and adolescents.

Methods: We consulted the PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, and ScienceDirect databases and selected cohort studies that met the main objective of this review and included the age group of interest. We used an adaptation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale to evaluate cohort studies.

Short-Term Ambient Air Ozone Exposure and Components of Metabolic Syndrome in a Cohort of Mexican Obese Adolescents.

Ambient air pollution is a major global public health concern; little evidence exists about the effects of short-term exposure to ozone on components of metabolic syndrome in young obese adolescents. The inhalation of air pollutants, such as ozone, can participate in the development of oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, endothelium dysfunction, and epigenetic modification. Metabolic alterations in blood in components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and short-term ambient air ozone exposure were determined and evaluated longitudinally in a cohort of 372 adolescents aged between 9 to 19 years old.

Docosahexaenoic Acid Effect on Prenatal Exposure to Arsenic and Atopic Dermatitis in Mexican Preschoolers.

Childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and recurrent health problem that involves multiple factors, particularly immunological and environmental. We evaluated the impact of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on prenatal arsenic exposure on the risk of atopic dermatitis in preschool children as part of the POSGRAD (Prenatal Omega-3 fatty acid Supplements, GRowth, And Development) clinical trial study in the city of Morelos, Mexico. Our study population included 300 healthy mother-child pairs.

[Pesticide residues in food: health risk and regulation in Veracruz, Mexico].

Objective. Evaluate compliance with the maximum permissible limits for pesticide residues in food in the state of Veracruz, as well as the risk to human health due to its consumption. Materials and methods.

Modification of the association by sex between the prenatal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and fat percentage in a cohort of Mexicans schoolchildren.

Introduction: Children's overweight and obesity are global public health problems, children with obesity have grater obesity risk as adults, thus leading to develop cardiometabolic diseases. Previous studies have found positive and significant associations between the exposure to phthalates and body mass index and body composition.

Objective: To evaluate the modification of the association by sex between DEHP exposure during pregnancy and the percentage of body fat in a cohort of Mexican schoolchildren.

Increased micronucleus frequencies in reticulocytes of children exposed to industrial pollution: oxidative stress and the OGG1 S326C polymorphism.

We examined possible early-effect biomarkers and polymorphisms of susceptibility in primary school children living near the Atoyac River in central México, which receives waste from multiple industries. We observed a significant increase in micronucleated reticulocytes associated with the oxidative stress index (OSI) and the OGG1 GG (S326C) genotype, and a significant decrease of reticulocytes carrying the transferrin receptor, inversely correlated with OSI.

Prenatal exposure to VOCs and NOx and lung function in preschoolers.

Background: Several studies have shown that exposure to air pollutants affects lung growth and development and can result in poor respiratory health in early life.

Methods: We included a subsample of 772 Mexican preschoolers whose mothers participated in a Prenatal Omega-3 fatty acid Supplements, GRowth, And Development birth cohort study with the aim to evaluate the impact of prenatal exposure to volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides on lung function measured by oscillation tests. The preschoolers were followed until 5 years of age.

Height Trajectory During Early Childhood Is Inversely Associated with Fat Mass in Later Childhood in Mexican Boys.

Background: Childhood obesity continues to be a global health problem. Previous research suggests that linear growth retardation or stunting during early childhood increases the risk of obesity, but others have reported that rapid linear growth poses a greater concern than early nutritional status.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if growth trajectories are associated with body composition at age 8-10 y.

Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Cardiometabolic Risk in Preschoolers: A Systematic Review Based on Cohort Studies.

Background: Follow-up studies have reported both positive and negative associations between prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and some anthropometric indicators of overweight and obesity in children. However, few studies have evaluated the effect of this exposure on cardiometabolic risk factors in preschool-age children. The health and disease development paradigm (DOHaD) proposes that the physiological and metabolic adaptations triggered by the exposure to these compounds, coupled with postnatal conditions, can modify the risk of disease.

Prenatal Exposure to Nitrogen Oxides and its Association with Birth Weight in a Cohort of Mexican Newborns from Morelos, Mexico.

Background: The Child-Mother binomial is potentially susceptible to the toxic effects of pollutants because some chemicals interfere with placental transfer of nutrients, thus affecting fetal development, and create an increased the risk of low birth weight, prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of prenatal exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOx) on birth weight in a cohort of Mexican newborns.

Methodology: We included 745 mother-child pair participants of the POSGRAD cohort study.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation combined with lifestyle intervention on adipokines and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in obese adolescents with hypertriglyceridemia.

Obesity in adolescents is considered a major public health problem; combined interventional approaches such as omega-3 supplementation with lifestyle intervention (LI) might exert synergistic effects and exceed the impact of each individual strategy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate if the supplementation of omega-3 with LI could improve metabolic and endothelial abnormality in obese adolescents with hypertriglyceridemia. The study involved sixty-nine adolescents with normal weight and seventy obese adolescents with hypertriglyceridemia.

Acrosome reaction and chromatin integrity as additional parameters of semen analysis to predict fertilization and blastocyst rates.

Background: Traditional semen parameters have shown little to none predictive value for fertilization and blastocyst viability for a successful pregnancy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the usefulness of incorporating the acrosome reaction (AR) and chromatin integrity to conventional semen analysis to individually predict the fertile potential of sperm samples.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 69 participants undergoing IVF using oocyte donation.

Oxidative stress index is increased in children exposed to industrial discharges and is inversely correlated with metabolite excretion of voc.

Unlabelled: Although the Atoyac River has been classified as highly polluted by environmental authorities, several communities are settled on its banks, affecting around 1.5 million persons, as well as farmland, due to an environmental distribution of toxics in the area. Our aim was to demonstrate that this environment affects important physiological processes that have an impact in health, so we conducted a study of schoolchildren from small communities on the banks of the river and in another similar town located far from it.

Predictive polymorphisms for breast cancer in postmenopausal Mexican women.

Context: Several factors contribute to the increase in breast cancer (BC) incidence, such as lifetime exposure to estrogen, early menarche and older ages at first birth, menopause, and the increased prevalence of postmenopausal obesity. In fact, there is an association between an increased BC risk and elevated estrogen levels, which may be involved in carcinogenesis via the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) encoded by the ESR1 gene. Interestingly, there is an antagonistic relationship between ERα and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in BC cells.

Prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants and child development trajectories through 7 years.

Background: Prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants such as mold, lead, pesticides, tobacco, and air pollutants has been suggested to impair cognitive development. Evidence is needed from longitudinal studies to understand their joint impact on child development across time.

Objective: To study associations between exposure to indoor environmental pollutants or outdoor air pollution during pregnancy and offspring cognitive development trajectories through 7 years.

Increased methylation of repetitive elements and DNA repair genes is associated with higher DNA oxidation in children in an urbanized, industrial environment.

DNA methylation in DNA repair genes participates in the DNA damage regulation. Particulate matter (PM), which has metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed, among others has been linked to adverse health outcomes and may modify DNA methylation. To evaluate PM exposure impact on repetitive elements and gene-specific DNA methylation and DNA damage, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 150 schoolchildren (7-10 years old) from an urbanized, industrial area of the metropolitan area of Mexico City (MAMC), which frequently exhibits PM concentrations above safety standards.

[Use of lead-glazed ceramic as a source of exposure in children of marginalized indigenous zones of Oaxaca, Mexico].

Objective: To find out whether the use of lead-glazed ceramic (LGC) is associated with blood lead levels in indigenous schoolchildren from Oaxaca, México.

Materials And Methods: We evaluated LGC use at home as a primary source of lead exposure in 387 indigenous schoolchildren in Oaxaca in May 2001.

Results: We found an adjusted difference of 3.

Indoor determinants of dustborne allergens in Mexican homes.

Exposure to indoor allergens represents a significant risk factor for allergies and asthma in several parts of the world. In Mexico, few studies have evaluated indoor allergens, including cat, dog, and mouse allergens and the factors that predict their presence. This study evaluates the main environmental and household predictors of high prenatal allergen levels and multiple allergen exposures in a birth cohort from Mexico City.

Effect of particulate matter less than 10µm (PM10) on mortality in Bogota, Colombia: a time-series analysis, 1998-2006.

Objective: To analyze the association between daily mortality from different causes and acute exposure to particulate matter less than 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), in Bogota, Colombia.

Materials And Methods: A time-series ecological study was conducted from 1998 to 2006. The association between mortality (due to different causes) and exposure was analyzed using single and distributed lag models and adjusting for potential confounders.

The PXR rs7643645 polymorphism is associated with the risk of higher prostate-specific antigen levels in prostate cancer patients.

Levels of enzymes that determine testosterone catabolism such as CYP3A4 have been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk. Although some studies have related CYP3A4*1B allele, a gene polymorphism that modifies CYP3A4 expression level, with PCa risk, others have failed, suggesting that additional genetic variants may be involved. Expression of CYP3A4 is largely due to the activation of Pregnane X Receptor (PXR).

Genome-wide interaction studies reveal sex-specific asthma risk alleles.

Asthma is a complex disease with sex-specific differences in prevalence. Candidate gene studies have suggested that genotype-by-sex interaction effects on asthma risk exist, but this has not yet been explored at a genome-wide level. We aimed to identify sex-specific asthma risk alleles by performing a genome-wide scan for genotype-by-sex interactions in the ethnically diverse participants in the EVE Asthma Genetics Consortium.

Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy and respiratory symptoms in children.

Background: Prenatal consumption of omega-3 fatty acids can act as an adjuvant in the development of the immune system and affect the inflammatory response of neonates.

Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in Cuernavaca, Mexico. We randomly assigned 1,094 pregnant women (18-35 years of age) to receive 400 mg/d of algal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or placebo from 18 to 22 weeks of gestation through delivery.