Influence of using different toothpaste during bleaching with violet LED light (405 nm) on the colour and roughness of dental enamel: an in vitro study.

This in vitro study aimed to investigate potential changes in the color and roughness of dental enamel resulting from the use of different toothpaste formulations during bleaching with violet LED light (405 nm). Sixty specimens of bovine incisors, each measuring 6 × 6 × 3 mm, were segregated into six distinct experimental groups based on their respective treatments (n = 10): C + VL: Brushing with Colgate Total 12 + bleaching with violet LED; LB + VL: Brushing with Colgate Luminous White Brilliant + bleaching with violet LED; LI + VL: Brushing with Colgate Luminous White Instant + violet LED bleaching; C: Brushing with Colgate Total 12; LB: Brushing with Colgate Luminous White Brilliant; LI: Brushing with Colgate Luminous White Instant. The examined variables included alterations in color (∆L*, ∆a*, ∆b*, ∆Eab, and ∆E00), surface roughness (Ra), and scanning electron microscopy observations.

Water contamination with atrazine: is nitric oxide able to improve Pistia stratiotes phytoremediation capacity?

Atrazine is an herbicide commonly used in several countries. Due to its long half-life, associated with its use in large scales, atrazine residues remain as environmental pollutants in water bodies. Phytoremediation is often pointed out as an interesting approach to remove atrazine from the aquatic environment, but its practical application is limited by the high toxicity of this herbicide.

Evidence of drought memory in Dipteryx alata indicates differential acclimation of plants to savanna conditions.

The remarkable phytogeographic characteristics of the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) resulted in a vegetation domain composed of plants with high structural and functional diversity to tolerate climate extremes. Here we used a key Cerrado species (Dipteryx alata) to evaluate if species of this domain present a mechanism of stress memory, responding more quickly and efficiently when exposed to recurrent drought episodes. The exposure of D.

Where do leaf water leaks come from? Trade-offs underlying the variability in minimum conductance across tropical savanna species with contrasting growth strategies.

Plants continue to lose water from their leaves even after complete stomatal closure. Although this minimum conductance (g ) has substantial impacts on strategies of water use and conservation, little is known about the potential drivers underlying the variability of this trait across species. We thus untangled the relative contribution of water leaks from the cuticle and stomata in order to investigate how the variability in leaf morphological and anatomical traits is related to the variation in g and carbon assimilation capacity across 30 diverse species from the Brazilian Cerrado.

A Structure Shaped by Fire, but Also Water: Ecological Consequences of the Variability in Bark Properties Across 31 Species From the Brazilian Cerrado.

Bark is a structure involved in multiple physiological functions, but which has been traditionally associated with protection against fire. Thus, little is known about how the morpho-anatomical variations of this structure are related to different ecological pressures, especially in tropical savanna species, which are commonly subjected to frequent fire and drought events. Here we evaluated how the structural and functional variations of bark are related to the processes of resilience and resistance to fire, as well as transport and storage of water in 31 native species from the Brazilian Cerrado.

Different ways to die in a changing world: Consequences of climate change for tree species performance and survival through an ecophysiological perspective.

Anthropogenic activities such as uncontrolled deforestation and increasing greenhouse gas emissions are responsible for triggering a series of environmental imbalances that affect the Earth's complex climate dynamics. As a consequence of these changes, several climate models forecast an intensification of extreme weather events over the upcoming decades, including heat waves and increasingly severe drought and flood episodes. The occurrence of such extreme weather will prompt profound changes in several plant communities, resulting in massive forest dieback events that can trigger a massive loss of biodiversity in several biomes worldwide.

Improving water use efficiency by changing hydraulic and stomatal characteristics in soybean exposed to drought: the involvement of nitric oxide.

A variety of cellular responses is needed to ensure the plants survival during drought, but little is known about the signaling mechanisms involved in this process. Soybean cultivars (EMBRAPA 48 and BR 16, tolerant and sensitive to drought, respectively) were exposed to the following treatments: control conditions (plants in field capacity), drought (20% of available water in the soil), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatment (plants irrigated and treated with 100-µM SNP [SNP-nitric oxide (NO) donor molecule], and Drought + SNP (plants subjected to drought and SNP treatment). Plants remained in these conditions until the reproductive stage and were evaluated for physiological (photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll a fluorescence and gas exchange rates), hydraulic (water potential, osmotic potential and leaf hydraulic conductivity) and morpho-anatomical traits (biomass, venation density and stomatal characterization).