Multi-strain probiotic formula modulates expression of β-defensin-2, β-defensin-3, and TLR-4 in male rats with apical periodontitis.

Objective: Evaluate whether a multi-strain probiotic formula affects blood parameters (hematologic, calcium, and phosphorus levels) and alters the expression of β-defensin-2, β-defensin-3, and toll-like receptor 4 in male rats with induced apical periodontitis (AP).

Design: Wistar rats were divided into two groups (n = 8 each): (1) rats with AP on a regular diet (Control) and (2) rats with AP on a regular diet supplemented with the multi-strain probiotic GNC Probiotic Complex (GCP) at one billion CFU. AP was induced by exposing the dental pulp of the first molars to the oral environment.

Exploring the potential of rapid maxillary expansion and masticatory muscle activity in unilateral posterior crossbite.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate if rapid maxillary expansion improves the activity of the masticatory muscles (masseter and temporal) in patients with unilateral posterior crossbite.

Material And Methods: Searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and grey literature. A manual search of orthodontic journals was also performed.

Dentin erosive wear is reduced by fluoride varnishes containing nanosized sodium trimetaphosphate in vitro.

This study evaluated the effect of fluoride varnishes containing micrometric or nanosized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on dentin erosive wear in vitro. Bovine root dentin blocks were selected by surface hardness and randomly divided into five experimental groups/varnishes (n = 20/group): placebo, 5% sodium fluoride (NaF); 5% NaF+5% micrometric TMP; 5% NaF+2.5% nanosized TMP; and 5% NaF+5% nanosized TMP.

Low-fluoride gels supplemented with nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate reduce dentin erosive wear in vitro.

Objective: The study assessed the effect of low-fluoride gels supplemented with micrometric or nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on dentin erosive wear in vitro.

Design: Bovine dentin blocks (n = 154) were selected by surface microhardness and randomly allocated into seven groups (n = 22/group), according to the gels: Placebo; 4500 ppm F (4500F); 9000 ppm F (9000F); 5% TMP microparticulate plus 4500F (5TMPm+4500F); 2.5% TMP nanoparticulate plus 4500 F (2.

Effect of sodium hexametaphosphate and quercetin, associated or not with fluoride, on dentin erosion in vitro.

Objective: to investigate the ability of solutions containing sodium hexametaphosphate, fluoride and quercetin, alone or in association, to prevent dentin erosion and to inhibit matrix metalloproteinases -2 and -9 activity using in vitro protocols.

Design: Root dentin blocks (n = 96) were prepared and divided into 8 experimental groups (n = 12/group), according to the solutions to be tested: Placebo; 0.24% sodium fluoride (F); 1.

Fluoride and trimetaphosphate association as a novel approach for remineralization and antiproteolytic activity in dentin tissue.

Objective: The study evaluated the effect of solutions containing fluoride (F) and/or sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) and F/TMP on the inhibition of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and on dentin remineralization in vitro.

Design: Bovine root dentin blocks were prepared, and caries-like lesions were induced in two thirds of the surface. Blocks were then randomly divided into 13 groups/solutions (n = 10): Placebo; 0.

Effect of red wine or its polyphenols on induced apical periodontitis in rats.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of red wine consumption or its polyphenols on the inflammation/resorption processes associated with apical periodontitis in rats.

Methodology: Thirty-two three-month-old Wistar rats had apical periodontitis induced in four first molars and were then arranged into four groups: control (C)-rats with apical periodontitis; wine (W)-rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.28 ml/kg of red wine; resveratrol+quercetin (R+Q)-rats with apical periodontitis receiving 4.

Excessive caffeine intake increases bone resorption associated with periapical periodontitis in rats.

Aim: To evaluate the effect of excessive caffeine intake on the inflammation/resorption processes associated with periapical periodontitis (PP) in rats.

Methodology: Sixteen Wistar rats were used. Periapical periodontitis was induced in the four first molars in each animal.

Effects of different alcohol concentrations on the development of apical periodontitis in rats.

Aim: To investigate the effect of different alcohol concentrations on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats.

Methods: Forty Wistar rats were arranged into five groups: (C) - control rats receiving sterile water as the only liquid; (G5) - animals receiving an alcohol solution at 5%, (G10) - alcohol solution at 10%, (G15) - alcohol solution at 15%, and (G20) - alcohol solution at 20%. The alcoholic solution or water was given to the groups as the sole source of hydration throughout the 30 days of the experiment.