Microbial and Metabolic Gut Profiling across Seven Malignancies Identifies Fecal and Formic Acid as Commonly Altered in Cancer Patients.

The key association between gut dysbiosis and cancer is already known. Here, we used whole-genome shotgun sequencing (WGS) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to conduct metagenomic and metabolomic analyses to identify common and distinct taxonomic configurations among 40, 45, 71, 34, 50, 60, and 40 patients with colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, lymphoid neoplasms and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), respectively, and compared the data with those from sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HC). α-diversity differed only between the lymphoid neoplasm and AML groups and their respective HC, while β-diversity differed between all groups and their HC.

Challenges in Stratifying the Molecular Variability of Patient-Derived Colon Tumor Xenografts.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in Europe and a leading cause of death worldwide. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models maintain complex intratumoral biology and heterogeneity and therefore remain the platform of choice for translational drug discovery. In this study, we implanted 37 primary CRC tumors and five CRC cell lines into NU/J mice to develop xenograft models.

The gentamicin-collagen implant and the risk of distant metastases of rectal cancer following short-course radiotherapy and curative resection: the long-term outcomes of a randomized study.

Purpose: A previous randomized study conducted by our group showed that application of gentamicin-collagen implant (GCI) into the pelvic cavity after total mesorectal excision (TME) reduced the incidence of distant metastases. Therefore, we decided to conduct a confirmatory study.

Methods: Patients with rectal cancer were included in the study if they met the following criteria: adenocarcinoma of the rectum, preoperative short-term radiotherapy (5 × 5 Gy), and WHO performance score 0-1.

The risk of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection: retrospective analysis of 501 rectal cancer patients operated without protective stoma.

Background: The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of the existing scoring system for the assessment of anastomotic leakage risk after anterior resection and to identify additional risk factors that were not included in this classification.

Methods: The study included 501 consecutive rectal cancer patients who underwent anterior resection without formation of protective stoma. The risk for anastomotic leakage was determined using a previously proposed scoring system based on three factors: male sex, intraoperative blood loss and level of anastomosis.

Risk of permanent stoma after resection of rectal cancer depending on the distance between the tumour lower edge and anal verge.

The distance between the anal verge and lower edge of rectal cancer is one of the most important factors affecting the feasibility of sphincter-preserving resection.The aim of the study was to assess the risk of permanent stoma after resection of rectal tumour depending on the distance between the tumour and the anal verge.Material and methods.

Hepatocyte growth factor levels in liver and blood, and post-operative liver cell proliferation in patients with benign and malignant liver tumors after partial hepatectomy.

Background: The purpose of our study was to investigate hepatocyte proliferation and the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in liver tissue and blood from patients with benign and malignant liver tumors after partial hepatectomy.

Material/methods: We studied 25 consecutive patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma (15 cases) and benign liver tumors (10 cases). Immunohistochemical examination for the presence of PCNA and HGF, c-MET/HGF-receptor expression was performed on formalin-fixed samples from: a) sections of resected fragments of liver tissue remote from the tumor; b) tumor tissue; c) remnant liver, 30 min after hepatectomy; d) fine needle aspiration liver biopsy, 7 days after liver resection.