Rho-kinase inhibitor reduces hypersensitivity to ANG II in human mesenteric arteries retrieved and conserved under the same conditions as transplanted organs.

Rho-kinase and GTP-ase Rho are important regulators of vascular tone and blood pressure. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Rho-kinase in artery reactions induced by angiotensin II (ANG II) and the effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury as well as the function of intra- and extracellular calcium in these reactions. Experiments were performed on mesenteric superior arteries procured from cadaveric organ donors and conserved under the same conditions as transplanted kidneys.

Influence of celecoxib on the vasodilating properties of human mesenteric arteries constricted with endothelin-1.

The mitogenic and vasoconstrictive properties of the vascular system are attributed to endothelin-1 (ET-1). ET-1 serum concentration increases in a number of pathological conditions, particularly in those associated with blood vessel constriction. ET-1 is also associated with the underlying pathomechanisms of primary pulmonary hypertension, arterial hypertension and eclampsia.

Role of endothelium, acetylocholine and calcium ions in Bay K8644- and KCl-induced contraction.

The aim of this study was to establish the involvement of acetylcholine (Ach) and calcium ions in modulating contractions induced by Bay K8644 (an agonist of calcium channels located in the cell membrane) and KCl (at depolarizing concentrations), and also to examine the importance of the vascular endothelium in the activity of Bay K8644. The study was performed on perfused Wistar rat tail arteries. Contraction induced by Bay K8644 with the participation of intracellular (in calcium‑free physiological salt solution, FPSS) and extracellular (in physiological salt solution, PSS, following the emptying of the cellular Ca2+ stores) pools of Ca2+ and the addition of nitro-L-arginine (L‑NNA; nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) or 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; an inhibitor of soluble guanylyl cyclase) was studied.

Role of nitric oxide and cGMP in the modulation of vascular contraction induced by angiotensin II and Bay K8644 during ischemia/reperfusion.

Vascular smooth muscle tone changes under the influence of numerous contracting and relaxing factors. The purpose of the present study was to determine the modulating effect of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) on contraction triggered by angiotensin II (ANG II) and Bay K8644 as well as to investigate the importance of nitric oxide (NO) and cGMP in these reactions. Experiments were performed on isolated and perfused Wistar rat tail arteries.

Role of acetylcholine and calcium ions in three vascular contraction models: Angiotensin II, phenylephrine and caffeine.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of acetylcholine and calcium ions in modulating the vascular contraction induced by angiotensin II (ANG II), phenylephrine (PHE) and caffeine. The study was performed on perfunded Wistar rat tail arteries. The contraction caused by ANG II, PHE and caffeine with the participation of intracellular [in free physiological salt solution (FPSS)] and extracellular [in physiological salt solution (PSS), after emptying the cellular stores] pools of calcium ions and the addition of L-NNA (NOSe inhibitor) or ODQ (GC inhibitor) was studied.

Role of M1 receptor in regulation of gastric fundus smooth muscle contraction.

Background: The subject of this study is determination of the influence of drugs on gastric fundus smooth muscle contraction induced by activation of muscarinic receptors M1. Experiments tested interactions between a receptor agonist, carbachol and muscarinic receptor antagonists, atropine and pirenzepine.

Material/methods: Testing was conducted on tissues isolated from rat's stomach.

Role of calcium and calmodulin in reaction of gastric fundus contraction.

Background: The subject of this study is determination of the influence of calmodulin and calcium on gastric fundus smooth muscle contraction. During experiments, the author tested the influence of a serotonin receptor agonist, serotonin (5-HT), causing smooth muscle contraction.

Material/methods: Testing was conducted on tissues isolated from rat's stomach.

Activity of guanylyl cyclase activators on the reaction of tracheal smooth muscle contraction.

Introduction: The subject of the study compare the influences of YC-1 guanylyl cyclase activator with ODQ guanylyl cyclase inhibitor on the tracheal smooth muscle contraction induced by carbachol. The study specified the influence of increasing concentrations of soluble guanylyl cyclase activators YC-1 and 8Br cGMP on the reaction of tracheal smooth muscle contraction released by carbachol. The author also examined the effect of increasing concentrations of soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor ODQ on the concentration-effect curves for carbachol.

Modulating activity of M1 receptor to the reaction of ileal smooth muscle.

Background: The subject of the study was determination of the effect of drugs on ileal smooth muscle contraction induced by activation of M(1) type muscarinic receptors. Drugs that have an effect on muscarinic receptors are divided to agonists, with close ties to the receptor and high internal activity and antagonists, with no internal activity. Conducted experiments tested interactions between a broad-spectrum agonist of muscarinic receptors, carbachol and a selective muscarinic receptor antagonist of M(1) type, pirenzepine.

The role of the endothelium in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell contractions induced by angiotensin II after ischemia and reperfusion.

In this study, we investigated smooth muscle cell contractions induced by angiotensin II (ANG II) in blood vessels with or without endothelium after ischemia/reperfusion. Experiments were done on tail arteries, with or without endothelium, of perfused male Wistar rats. We analyzed the influence of ANG II on vascular contractions in the presence of sodium nitroprusside or 8Br-cGMP and after ischemia/reperfusion using classical pharmacometric methods.

The role of calcium in modulating the reactivity of the smooth muscle cells during ischemia/reperfusion. Part 2.

Background: Damage of transplanted organs during reperfusion is still a problem that prompts the search for new drugs able to diminish the risk of graft rejection. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of antioxidant system on the contraction of arteries induced by angiotensin II during ischemia/reperfusion and to determine the role of intracellular and extracellular calcium ions under these conditions.

Material/methods: The experiments were performed on male Wistar rats' tail arteries.

The role of calcium in modulating the reactivity of the smooth muscle cells during ischemia/reperfusion. Part 1.

Background: Calcium ions regulate the function of cells in many ways, acting as first messengers of intercellular information and second messengers of intracellular information. Changes in cytoplasmic calcium levels depend on calcium influx from the extracellular space or calcium release from cellular stores. Increase in calcium ion concentration takes place in pathological situations, such as ischemia.

Inflammation, malnutrition and vascular contraction in experimental chronic kidney disease.

Background: Inflammation is a well-defined factor influencing the development of cardiovascular complications in chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to examine systemic inflammatory state defined by the level of serum haptoglobin, local inflammation defined by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) level and arterial response to phenylephrine in different stages of renal failure.

Methods: Experiments were performed on male Wistar rats, weighing 290-380 g.

Effects of perindopril and hydrochlorothiazide on selected indices of oxidative stress in the blood of elderly patients with essential hypertension.

1. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of hypotensive therapy with a diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide) and an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (perindopril) on selected oxidative stress parameters in the blood of elderly patients with essential hypertension. 2.

Production of nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin in blood of elderly patients with primary hypertension. Effects of perindopril treatment.

Background And Aims: One of the factors playing a role in both the aging process and the etiopathogenesis of primary hypertension is oxidative stress. The purpose of this work was to estimate the production of nitric oxide (NO), oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin (Cp) and level of malondialdehyde (MDA), the end-product of lipid peroxidation in the blood of elderly patients with primary hypertension. The influence of treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril (P) on the above parameters was also ascertained.

[The total antioxidant capacity and low-molecular antioxidant concentration in plasma of type-2 diabetes patients with different stage of metabolic compensation and concomitant diabetic nephropathy].

Unlabelled: The experimental and clinical researches suggest important role of advanced glycation end products (AGE) and oxidative stress in pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy also including nephropathy. It is especially pointed at by the research done on inadequately controlled long-term diabetes. The aim of the study was to asses the total antioxidant capacity of plasma as well as the concentration of low-molecular antioxidants in plasma in diabetes type 2 patients in different stage of metabolic compensation and concomitant diabetic nephropathy.

The markers of oxidative stress and activity of the antioxidant system in the blood of elderly patients with essential arterial hypertension.

We estimated the nitrate/nitrite, carbonyl groups, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (cGSH-Px) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in the blood of 17 normotensive young subjects (mean age 39+/-7.0 years), 21 normotensive elderly subjects (mean age 82+/-8.2 years) and 38 patients with essential arterial hypertension (mean age 73+/-8.

[Comparison of immunogenicity and safety of Engerix B and Twinrix vaccine].

The objective of the study was to compare the immunogenicity and the safety profile of Engerix B and Twinrix vaccines. 72 people were qualified for the vaccination, including 41 women (average age 41.2) and 31 men (average age 44.

[The effectiveness of ergotamine treatment in chronic headache disorders: a double-blind, randomized, crossover, placebo controlled trial].

Background: Postulated mechanism of migraine headache is a result of vascular spasm (primary) and dilatation with edema of the perivascular space (secondary). Thus we use drugs not the only during acute phase of headache but in prevention, also. Drugs containing ergotamine are well known and were used for years in the treatment of migraines.

Physiological antagonism of angiotensin II and lipopolysaccharides in early endotoxemia: pharmacometric analysis.

The inhibitory effect of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on alpha-adrenergic contraction is quite well known, but molecular mechanism of this inhibition is unclear. In the present study, the interaction between alpha-adrenoceptor and vasopressin receptor response, and LPS in rat tail artery was investigated using chemical stimulation. In the presence of LPS, noradrenaline, phenylephrine and arginine-vasopressin, concentration-response curves (CRCs) were shifted to the right with the change in maximal responses.

[Coronary artery stenting in the treatment of 5-fluorouracil-induced unstable angina].

Cardiotoxicity is a rare but very serious side effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. Many theories have been suggested to explain the mechanism of this problem. Most commonly, coronary artery spasm is considered responsible in cardiovascular toxicity.

[Economic prerequisites of active influenza prevention].

Influenza and other acute infections of the upper respiratory tract are characterized by a high morbidity and mortality. As a result, they entail not only human but also economic consequences. A typical treatment is nonspecific and conservative.

[Early adverse reactions after vaccination against influenza in chronically ill people].

The objective was to assess the early adverse reactions after vaccination against influenza with the use of Fluarix vaccine (SmithKline Beecham) in chronically ill people. 1010 people were selected to undergo vaccination. The group included 621 women aged on average 44.

[Adverse reactions after vaccination against influenza in chronically ill people].

The objective was to assess the early and late adverse reactions after vaccination against influenza with the help of SmithKline Beecham's Fluarix vaccine in chronically ill people. 1010 people was selected to undergo vaccination. These included 621 woman aged average 44.