National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: estimation procedures, 2007-2010.

Background: Data collection for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), comprises three levels: an initial household screening interview (or ''screener''), an in-home personal interview, and a physical examination. The primary objective of the screener is to determine whether any household members are eligible for the interview and examination. Eligibility is determined by preset selection probabilities for the desired demographic subdomains.

National health and nutrition examination survey: analytic guidelines, 1999-2010.

Background-Analytic guide lines were first created in 1996 to assist data users in analyzing data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III),conducted from 1988 to 1994 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Health Statistics. NHANES became a continuous annual survey in 1999, with data released to the public in 2-year intervals. In 2002, 2004, and 2006, guidelines were created and posted on the NHANES website to assist analysts in understanding the key issues related to analyzing data from 1999 onward.

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: sample design, 2007-2010.

Background: Data collection for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) comprises three levels: a household screener, an interview, and a physical examination. The primary objective of the screener is to determine whether any household members are eligible for the interview an dexamination. Eligibility is determined by preset selection probabilities for the desired demographic subdomains.

U.S. decennial life tables for 1999-2001: state life tables.

Objective: This report, following publication of the national life tables (1,2) for 1999-2001, presents state-specific life tables for the 50 states and District of Columbia by race (white and black) and sex. These tables are the most recent in a series of decennial life tables for the United States.

Methods: Data used to prepare these state-specific life tables include population counts by age on the census date of April 1, 2000; deaths occurring in the 3-year period of 1999-2001; and counts of U.

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: Sample Design, 1999-2006.

Background: Data collection for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) comprises three levels: a household screener, an interview, and a physical examination. The primary objective of the screener is to determine whether any household members are eligible for the interview and examination. Eligibility is determined by the preset selection probabilities for the desired demographic subdomains.

Health of adults in Los Angeles County: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004.

Objective: Los Angeles County has the largest population of any county in the nation. Population-based estimates of health conditions for Los Angeles County are based primarily on telephone surveys, which are known to underestimate conditions of public health importance. This report presents the prevalence of selected health conditions for civilian noninstitutionalized adults aged 20 and over living in Los Angeles County households and group quarters, based on survey data using direct physical measurements.

Multiple imputation of missing dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry data in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

In 1999, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were added to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to provide information on soft tissue composition and bone mineral content. However, in 1999-2004, DXA data were missing in whole or in part for about 21 per cent of the NHANES participants eligible for the DXA examination; and the missingness is associated with important characteristics such as body mass index and age. To handle this missing-data problem, multiple imputation of the missing DXA data was performed.

Statistical and practical issues in the design of a national probability sample of births for the Vanguard Study of the National Children's Study.

The National Children's Study is a national household probability sample designed to identify 100,000 children at birth and follow the sampled children for 21 years. Data from the study will support examining numerous hypotheses concerning genetic and environmental effects on the health and development of children. The goals of the study present substantial challenges.

The 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts: several insights after 8 years.

This paper explores three issues related to the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. First, it clarifies the methods that were used to create the charts as it has become apparent that the smoothing techniques have been somewhat misunderstood. The techniques included smoothing-selected percentiles between and including the 3rd and 97th percentiles and then approximating these smoothed curves using a procedure to provide the transformation parameters, lambda, mu, and sigma.

Cardiorespiratory fitness levels among US adults 20-49 years of age: findings from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Data from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to describe the distribution of cardiorespiratory fitness and its association with obesity and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) for adults 20-49 years of age without physical limitations or indications of cardiovascular disease. A sample of 7,437 adults aged 20-49 years were examined at a mobile examination center. Of 4,860 eligible for a submaximal treadmill test, 3,250 completed the test and were included in the analysis.

Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008.

Context: The prevalence of obesity increased in the United States between 1976-1980 and 1988-1994 and again between 1988-1994 and 1999-2000.

Objective: To examine trends in obesity from 1999 through 2008 and the current prevalence of obesity and overweight for 2007-2008.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Analysis of height and weight measurements from 5555 adult men and women aged 20 years or older obtained in 2007-2008 as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative sample of the US population.

Prevalence of high body mass index in US children and adolescents, 2007-2008.

Context: The prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents in the United States appeared to plateau between 1999 and 2006.

Objectives: To provide the most recent estimates of high BMI among children and adolescents and high weight for recumbent length among infants and toddlers and to analyze trends in prevalence between 1999 and 2008.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2008, a representative sample of the US population with measured heights and weights on 3281 children and adolescents (2 through 19 years of age) and 719 infants and toddlers (birth to 2 years of age).

Characterizing extreme values of body mass index-for-age by using the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts.

Background: The 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts included lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) parameters intended to calculate smoothed percentiles from only the 3rd to the 97th percentile.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate different approaches to describing more extreme values of body mass index (BMI)-for-age by using simple functions of the CDC growth charts.

Design: Empirical data for the 99th and the 1st percentiles of BMI-for-age were calculated from the data set used to construct the growth charts and were compared with estimates extrapolated from the CDC-supplied LMS parameters and to various functions of other smoothed percentiles.

U.S. decennial life tables for 1999-2001, United States life tables.

Objectives: This report presents period life tables for the United States based on age-specific death rates for the period 1999-2001. These tables are the most recent in a 100-year series of decennial life tables for the United States.

Methods: This report presents complete life tables by age, race (white and black), and sex.

U.S. decennial life tables for 1999-2001: methodology of the United States Life Tables.

Objectives: This report describes the methodology used in the preparation of the 1999-2001 decennial life tables for the United States.

Methods: Data used to prepare these life tables include population data by age on the census date April 1, 2000; deaths occurring in the 3-year period 1999-2001 classified by age at death; births for each of the years 1997-2001; and Medicare data for ages 66-100 years from the years 1999-2001. Methods that were kept the same as those of previous decennial tables include data sources used in constructing tables, the preliminary adjustment for misreported ages, the smoothing techniques for vital statistics and census data, and the calculations of death rates in different age groups.

Smoke-free laws and secondhand smoke exposure in US non-smoking adults, 1999-2002.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between smoke-free law coverage and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in the United States non-smoking adult population.

Design: We used data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey designed to monitor the health and nutritional status of the US population. Serum cotinine levels were available for 5866 non-smoking adults from 57 survey locations.

Limitations of follicle-stimulating hormone in assessing menopause status: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2000)*.

Objective: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2000) to: establish new population-based estimates for follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH); identify factors associated with FSH; and assess its efficacy in distinguishing among women in the reproductive, menopause transition, and postmenopausal stages.

Design: Nationally representative sample of 576 women aged 35 to 60 years examined during NHANES 1999-2000.

Results: Levels of FSH and LH increased significantly with reproductive stage.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004.

Context: The prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents and obesity in adults in the United States has increased over several decades.

Objective: To provide current estimates of the prevalence and trends of overweight in children and adolescents and obesity in adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Analysis of height and weight measurements from 3958 children and adolescents aged 2 to 19 years and 4431 adults aged 20 years or older obtained in 2003-2004 as part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative sample of the US population.

Racial and ethnic differences in the seroprevalence of 6 infectious diseases in the United States: data from NHANES III, 1988-1994.

Objectives: We examined racial/ethnic differences in the seroprevalence of selected infectious agents in analyses stratified according to risk categories to identify patterns and to determine whether demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral characteristics explain these differences.

Methods: We analyzed data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, comparing differences among groups in regard to the prevalence of infection with hepatitis A, B, and C viruses, Toxoplasma gondii, Helicobacter pylori, and herpes simplex virus type 2.

Results: Racial/ethnic differences were greater among those in the low-risk category.

Prevalence of lower-extremity disease in the US adult population >=40 years of age with and without diabetes: 1999-2000 national health and nutrition examination survey.

Objective: Although lower-extremity disease (LED), which includes lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and peripheral neuropathy (PN), is disabling and costly, no nationally representative estimates of its prevalence exist. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of lower-extremity PAD, PN, and overall LED in the overall U.S.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002.

Context: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased markedly in the last 2 decades in the United States.

Objective: To update the US prevalence estimates of overweight in children and obesity in adults, using the most recent national data of height and weight measurements.

Design, Setting, And Participants: As part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a complex multistage probability sample of the US noninstitutionalized civilian population, both height and weight measurements were obtained from 4115 adults and 4018 children in 1999-2000 and from 4390 adults and 4258 children in 2001-2002.

2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States: methods and development.

Objectives: This report provides detailed information on how the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts for the United States were developed, expanding upon the report that accompanied the initial release of the charts in 2000.

Methods: The growth charts were developed with data from five national health examination surveys and limited supplemental data. Smoothed percentile curves were developed in two stages.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts for the United States: improvements to the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics version.

Objective: To present a clinical version of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts and to compare them with the previous version, the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) growth charts.

Methods: The 2000 CDC percentile curves were developed in 2 stages. In the first stage, the empirical percentiles were smoothed by a variety of parametric and nonparametric procedures.