Antioxidant, Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of White and Milk Chocolate Compounds Supplemented with Plant-Based Functional Ingredients.

Product development must be continuously done by the chocolate industry to face a high level of competitiveness in the market industry. This study investigates the effect of powdered sappan wood and butterfly pea flower incorporation in milk and white chocolate compounds. Four concentrations of each additional ingredient were used (0, 5, 10 and 15%).

Catastrophic impact of extreme 2019 Indonesian peatland fires on urban air quality and health.

Tropical peatland fires generate substantial quantities of airborne fine particulate matter (PM) and in Indonesia are intensified during El Niño-related drought leading to severe air quality impacts affecting local and distant populations. Limited in-situ data often necessitates reliance on air quality models, like that of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, whose accuracy in extreme conditions is not fully understood. Here we demonstrate how a network of low-cost sensors around Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan during the 2019 fire season, quantified extreme air quality and city-scale variability.

Predicting Vaginal Delivery Success: Role of Intrapartum Transperineal Ultrasound Angle of Descent at a Single Center.

BACKGROUND Assessment of labor progress via digital vaginal examination is subjective, while intrapartum transperineal ultrasonography is deemed more objective and effective. The angle of descent (AoD) is a reliable intrapartum transperineal ultrasound parameter with minimal inter-observer and intra-observer errors. This study compared intrapartum transperineal ultrasonography with digital vaginal examination in evaluating the angle of descent for vaginal delivery selection in 70 women.

Prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele with extracorporeal liver.

Omphalocele is a congenital anomaly characterized by a structural defect in the abdominal wall that leads to the protrusion of the intestines or other abdominal organs covered by a protective membrane. Approximately 20%-50% of omphalocele cases are associated with trisomy 13, 18, and 21 and result in fetal death. Prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele can be made by late first trimester ultrasound with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 95%, or by elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration.

Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B dye pollutants by FeO/SiO core-shell magnetic nanocomposite functionalized with TiO.

Significant efforts have been dedicated to creating recyclable and efficient methods for treating waste dyes, including rhodamine B (RhB). Nevertheless, challenges such as complex operational techniques, high costs, energy consumption, and inefficacy in dye removal persist. Here, the synthesis and application of TiO/FeO/SiO for photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye pollutants have been explored.

Placental Protein 13 and Syncytiotrophoblast Basement Membrane Ultrastructures in Preeclampsia.

: Preeclampsia has been linked to an inflammatory response that may be brought on by endothelial cell dysfunction. This paper investigates the pathomechanism of syncytiotrophoblast basement membrane (STBM) damage and Placental Protein 13 (PP13) release, which may have a role in systemic endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. : This comparative cross-sectional study involves 54 preeclampsia patients (27 early-onset preeclampsia and 27 late-onset preeclampsia) and 27 pregnant women with normal blood pressure.

The benefits of flushing with Lemuru fish oil as a source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on the performance of reproductive parameters in Garut ewes.

This study aimed to evaluate and analyze the effects of a flushing diet containing Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from Lemuru (Sardinella sp) fish oil on the reproductive performance parameters of Garut ewes. Forty (n = 40) primiparous Garut ewes aged 12-14 months with an average body weight of 28.92 ± 4.

Comprehensive analysis of long-term trends, meteorological influences, and ozone formation sensitivity in the Jakarta Greater Area.

Jakarta Greater Area (JGA) has encountered recurrent challenges of air pollution, notably, high ozone levels. We investigate the trends of surface ozone (O) changes from the air quality monitoring stations and resolve the contribution of meteorological drivers in urban Jakarta (2010-2019) and rural Bogor sites (2017-2019) using stepwise Multi Linear Regression. During 10 years of measurement, 41% of 1-h O concentrations exceeded Indonesia' s national threshold in Jakarta.

Elemental Characterization of Ambient Particulate Matter for a Globally Distributed Monitoring Network: Methodology and Implications.

Global ground-level measurements of elements in ambient particulate matter (PM) can provide valuable information to understand the distribution of dust and trace elements, assess health impacts, and investigate emission sources. We use X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy to characterize the elemental composition of PM samples collected from 27 globally distributed sites in the Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network (SPARTAN) over 2019-2023. Consistent protocols are applied to collect all samples and analyze them at one central laboratory, which facilitates comparison across different sites.

First report of Ageratum yellow vein virus infecting papaya in Lampung, Indonesia.

Background: Papaya (Carica papaya) is a tropical fruit of great economic and nutritional importance, loved for its sweet and delicious flesh. However, papaya cultivation faces serious challenges in the form of Begomovirus attacks. Begomoviruses are a group of viruses that pose a serious threat to plants worldwide.

Unlocking gut microbiota potential of dairy cows in varied environmental conditions using shotgun metagenomic approach.

Food security and environmental pollution are major concerns for the expanding world population, where farm animals are the largest source of dietary proteins and are responsible for producing anthropogenic gases, including methane, especially by cows. We sampled the fecal microbiomes of cows from varying environmental regions of Pakistan to determine the better-performing microbiomes for higher yields and lower methane emissions by applying the shotgun metagenomic approach. We selected managed dairy farms in the Chakwal, Salt Range, and Patoki regions of Pakistan, and also incorporated animals from local farmers.

The infiltration of wildfire smoke and its potential dose on pregnant women: Lessons learned from Indonesia wildfires in 2019.

The occurrence of wildfires in Indonesia is prevalent during drought seasons. Multiple toxic pollutants emitted from wildfires have deleterious effects on pregnant women. However, the evidence for these on pregnant women was underreported.

Investigation of microplastic ingestion in commercial fish from Surabaya river, Indonesia.

Microplastics (MPs) were recognized as emerging environmental contaminants and ubiquitously distributed in aquatic environments, including in commercial biota. Fish are estimated as one of the most susceptible aquatic biota to ingesting microplastic (MP). Commercial fish cultivation is commonly developed in urban rivers.

Comparison of the Administration Route of Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Outcomes and Safety.

Stem cell treatment is emerging as an appealing alternative for stroke patients, but there still needs to be an agreement on the protocols in place, including the route of administration. This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the administration routes of stem cell treatment for ischemic stroke. A systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.

Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell Metabolites Oral Gel Enhance Pro-Angiogenic Factors Expression, Angiogenesis, and Clinical Outcome of Oral Ulcer Rat Model.

Objective:  Enhancing wound healing capacity is one of the main principles in oral ulcer management. Efficient oral ulcer management will accelerate clinical symptom amelioration and prevent complications. Adipose mesenchymal stem cell metabolites (AdMSCM), a novel biological product, contains a plethora of bioactive mediators that can induce a series of processes in wound healing.

Correlation between serum surfactant protein-D level with respiratory compliance and acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill COVID-19 Patients: A retrospective observational study.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the manifestations of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with low respiratory compliance and poor oxygenation as main characteristics and mortality rate of 50%-94%. Surfactants, including surfactant protein D (SP-D), have a role in maintaining respiratory compliance. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between serum SP-D levels with respiratory compliance and ARDS in patients with critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia.

Predisposing, Enabling, and Reinforcing Factors of COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in Indonesia: A Mixed-methods Study.

Objectives: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), behaviors such as mask-wearing, social distancing, decreasing mobility, and avoiding crowds have been suggested, especially in high-risk countries such as Indonesia. Unfortunately, the level of compliance with those practices has been low. This study was conducted to determine the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors of COVID-19 prevention behavior in Indonesia.

Antiviral Treatment in COVID-19 Outpatients: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Most COVID-19 patients have mild or moderate illnesses that can progress to severe illness, leading to hospitalization and/or mortality. The use of antivirals to prevent the progression of COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients shows conflicting result and efficacy remain unclear. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of antivirals therapy in COVID-19 outpatients.

Lysinabacillus fusiformis and Paenibacillus alvei Obtained from the Internal of Nasutitermes Termites Revealed Their Ability as Antagonist of Plant Pathogenic Fungi.

This study was performed to reveal phenotypic characters and identity of symbiont bacteria of Nasutitermes as well as investigate their potential as antagonist of plant pathogenic fungi. Isolation of the symbiont bacteria was carried out from inside the heads and the bodies of soldier and worker termite which were collected from 3 locations of nests. Identification was performed using phenotypic test and sequence of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA).

One-pot alkanolamines-assisted synthesis of magnetic mesoporous silica for synthetic dye adsorption.

Magnetic mesoporous silica (MMS) was synthesized in a one-pot system using various alkanolamines (triethanolamine, diethanolamine, tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) as a basic catalyst. The characterization of the composites was conducted using scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, surface area analyzer, and X-ray photoelectros spectroscopy. The MMS synthesized with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (MMS) showed the highest specific surface area, pore volume, and average pore diameter.

Clinical outcome and safety of stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several reports on stem cell administration have emerged proving it to be an ideal therapeutic approach for improving neurological functions in ischemic stroke patients. However, some studies also show disappointing results, with some reporting no statistically significant improvements among several different parameters. Several challenges also arise relating to safety and nonscientific aspects, such as ethics.

The expression of interleukin-1β and nuclear factor erythroid-2 in the periodontitis after treatment of liquid smoke rice hull.

Nonsurgical treatment such as scaling and root planing has been the main therapy of periodontal management. However, some individuals are nonresponsive with only mechanical therapy. Rice hull liquid smoke (RH-LS) with higher of phenolic compound supposed to interfere with inflammation process.

Titer disparity of anti-Spike receptor binding domain SARS-CoV-2 antibody between vaccinated and naturally infected individuals.

In conjunction with other health promotion strategies, vaccination of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a strategy to alleviate the burden of infection. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in antibody response strength between individuals who received COVID-19 vaccination and those who had a natural infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A cross-sectional study was conducted among post-natural confirmed COVID-19 infection and immunized people in Bali, Indonesia.