Optic Nerve Hypoplasia - Case Report.

The case report of a young myope (born in 1997) who was diagnosed with bilateral concentric narrowing of the visual field to 15-20 degrees in 2021 is presented. On eye fundus, the findings were normal with central excavation c/d=0.5 and 0.

Effect of treatment with carteolol and latanoprost in newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma on peripapillary vessel density.

Background And Aim: In a previous follow-up of glaucoma patients taking carteolol or latanoprost, we found a greater progression of visual field changes with the prostaglandin than the betablocker. In the present study we compared the impact of carteolol and latanoprost on peripapillary vessel density in newly diagnosed primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients.

Methods: The study consisted of two groups of POAG patients.

Visual Neuroprosthesis - Stimulation of Visual Cortical Centers in The Brain. Design of Non-Invasive Transcranial Stimulation of Functional Neurons.

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to present the history and current status of visual cortical neuroprostheses, and to present a new method of stimulating intact visual cortex cells.

Methods: This paper contains an overview of the history and current status of visual cortex stimulation in severe visual impairment, but also highlights its shortcomings. These include mainly the stimulation of currently damaged cortical cells over a small area and, from a morphological point of view, possible damage to the stimulated neurons by the electrodes and their encapsulation by gliotic tissue.

Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer following vessel density correction at different IOP values.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to define the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in the peripapillary region of the retina after adjusting for the effect of vessel density (VD) in patients with pathological intraocular pressure (IOP).

Patients And Methods: 69 patients (122 eyes) with IOP >21 mmHg (range 21-36 mmHg, mean 23.65±2.

Distal Nasal Part of the Visual Field and RNFL in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare changes in the conventionally undiagnosed distal nasal visual field with RNFL in patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Material And Methods: 59 eyes of 32 patients (18 women, 14 men) with early stage POAG were included. All eyes were found to have a normal visual field (fast threshold program of 50 degrees nasally and 22 degrees temporally) with the Medmont M700.

The Far Nasal Part of the Field of Vision - Part II. Contribution to the Timely Diagnosis of Glaucoma.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine possible changes in the conventionally undiagnosed nasal visual field in patients diagnosed with early primary open angle glaucoma.

Material And Methods: Examination of the far nasal part of the visual field was performed in 30 patients (60 eyes) with early stage of primary open angle glaucoma (preperimetric stage of changes). The cohort consisted of 16 women (mean age 46.

The Far Nasal Part of the Visual Field - Part I.

Aims: The aim of the study was to determine the limits of the far nasal part of the visual field.

Material And Methods: Visual field examination was performed in 15 healthy subjects (30 eyes), specifically nine women aged 20-43 years and six men aged 22-35 years. All eyes were found to have physiological ocular findings and visual acuity of 1.

Axons of retinal ganglion cells on the optic nerve disc following vessel density correction at different IOP values.

The present study aimed to determine how the vascular density (VD) in each segment peripapillary influences the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and to eliminate its contribution to RNFL in pathological intraocular pressure (IOP). In a cohort of 69 subjects (mean age, 45±6 years old) with untreated ocular hypertension (122 eyes in total) enrolled in this study, Ocular Response Analyser IOP was measured during routine outpatient care. Its value was >21 (range, 21-36) mmHg in all eyes.

OCTA and Doppler Ultrasound in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and Normal-Tension Glaucoma.

The aim of this study was to determine whether the values of vessel density (VD) and perfusion parameters in the ophthalmic artery (OA) and central retinal artery (CRA) of the same eye differ in patients with hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) from patients with normotensive glaucoma (NTG). The first group consisted of 20 HTG patients (40 eyes). Patients with HTG were verified to have primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Optic neuropathy associated with acute pancreatitis: A case report.

The present article describes a case of a 24-year-old patient who suffered from acute pancreatitis. The patient simultaneously developed visual acuity loss and changes in the visual field. When examined, the finding was physiological, including the fundoscopy.

The Relationship Between the Thickness of cpRNFL in Segments and Intraocular Pressure.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) in some segments of the optic nerve disc in pathological intraocular pressure is more damaged in eyes without antiglaucoma treatment.

Patients And Methods: The cohort consisted of 69 subjects (122 eyes), 32 males (6x one, 26x both eyes) aged 21 to 76 years and 37 females (4x one and 30x both eyes) aged 22 to 75 years, who were measured to have IOP greater than 21 mmHg (21-36) in routine ambulatory care. Measurements were performed using the Ocular Response Analyser, taking into account corneal hysteresis.

Comparison of the Effect on Vessel Density and RNFL between Carteolol and Latanoprost.

The aim of the study was to compare the treatment of hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) in the early stages with carteolol and latanoprost by assessing the change in vessel density (VD) and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL). Methods: The first group with diagnosed HTG consisted of 46 eyes treated with carteolol; the second group consisted of 52 eyes treated with latanoprost. The following examinations were evaluated in all patients: intraocular pressure (IOP), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL), vessel density (VD) and visual field examination (glaucoma fast threshold test).

Visual neuroprosthesis: present and future perspectives.

The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the replacements used in lost vision in the form of the bionic eye, to show their deficiencies and outline other possibilities for non-invasive stimulation of functional areas of the visual cortex. The review highlights the damage not only to the primary altered cellular structures, but also to all other horizontally and vertically localised structures. Based on the results of a large number of functional magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological methods, the authors focus on the pathology of the entire visual pathway in pigmentary retinopathy (PR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.

Purpose: A case report of a 40-year-old patient with tuberculosis treated with ethambutol is described. Within six months of starting treatment, there was a painless sudden decline in visual function. Despite the known complications of ethambutol treatment, it was discontinued after another three months.

OCT angiography, RNFL and the visual field at different values of intraocular pressure.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP), vessel density (VD), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) parameters and overall defect (OD) of the visual field in eyes where antiglaucoma treatment had not yet been initiated. A total of 61 subjects (122 eyes) who had an IOP of >20 mmHg on several occasions, in at least one eye, in routine outpatient care were included. These were subjects who had never been treated for hypertension glaucoma.

OCT ANGIOGRAPHY AND DOPPLER ULTRASOUND IN HYPERTENSION GLAUCOMA.

Aims: The main aim of this work was to find out if there is a correlation between vessel density (VD) and results of measured perfusion values in ophthalmic artery and in central retinal artery of the same eye in a group with hypertension glaucoma (HTG).

Materials And Methods: The file included 20 patients with HTG, thereof 13 women of average age 68.7 years (49-80 years) and 7 men of average age 58.

OCT ANGIOGRAPHY, VISUAL FIELD AND RNFL WITH VARIOUS MEDICATIONS IN HYPERTENSIVE GLAUCOMAS.

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine whether hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) with different types of treatment leads to significant damage in any of the evaluated parameters.

Sample And Methodology: The sample, consisting of 36 HTG patients (72 eyes), was divided into three subgroups: In the first group, patients were treated with combination therapy (latanoprost + timolol, latanoprost + dorzolamide + timolol, dorzolamide + timolol). The group consisted of seven women and five men, with an average age of 64 years (49-81).

Bilateral optic neuropathy as a complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: The authors present a case study which describes the development of bilateral optic neuropathy as a complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in a patient who underwent a transplant for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The patient, who was in remission with regard to the underlying hematological disease, developed edema of both optic discs and maculas three months after transplantation. The morphological finding regressed after treatment with corticoids and comprehensive systemic anti-infective therapy.

Temporal Visual Field Border.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to determine the physiological temporal visual field border, based on theoretical calculations and by perimetric examination itself.

Materials And Methods: A perimetry test was performed on 15 healthy subjects - seven women (27-30 years old) and eight men (28-46 years old), all of whom had healthy eyes with a visual acuity value of 1.0.

Pituitary apoplexy without chiasm compression: A case report.

The present report presents a rare case in which a patient with pituitary apoplexy (PA) without compression of the optic chiasm experienced diagnosable visual impairment in the ensuing months. Endocrinologically, the condition was a prolactinoma followed by bleeding into the pituitary gland. Due to the unexplained functional changes in the patient, an electrophysiological examination (pattern electroretinogram and pattern visual evoked potentials) was performed, which verified a bilateral non-inflammatory neurogenic lesion.

NEUROTRANSMISSION IN VISUAL ANALYZER AND BIONIC EYE. A REVIEW.

Aims: The aim of the work is to point out the transmission of electrical voltage changes in the visual analyser and thus the efficiency of the bionic eye.

Material And Methods: The review deals with the question of the transmission of electrical changes in visual path voltage under physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, it points to feedback autoregulatory damage not only of primarily altered cellular structures, but of all other, both horizontally and vertically localized.

VISUAL FIELD ASSESSMENT IN HYPERTENSION GLAUCOMA.

Aims: The aim of the work is to verify the necessity of full-field perimetry test in incipient glaucoma.

Material And Methods: The study included group of 16 incipient hypertension glaucoma (HTG group) patients without obvious changes in visual field and control group of 10 patients with normal ocular findings and value 1.0 of visual acuity.

Changes of intraocular lens position induced by Nd:YAG capsulotomy.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in IOL position (axial shift, tilt and decentration) in the capsular bag after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and to create a user-friendly software that is optimized for the output of available imaging technology, then verify the relationship between the biometric parameters of the eye and the extent of changes in the IOL position.

Patients And Methods: The study included 35 artephakic eyes that underwent laser capsulotomy. Before and at least one hour after capsulotomy, all patients underwent the following assessments: optical biometry (Lenstar LS900), OCT with anterior segment module (Optovue Avanti) and IOL photography in infrared mode using reference unit (Verion).

HIGHLIGHTS OF HYPERTENSIVE AND NORMOTENSIVE GLAUCOMA.

The paper presents the up-to-date overview of pathogenesis, functional and structural changes in normotensive glaucoma (NTG) and its differences from hypertensive glaucoma (HTG). The autors point out new facts that distinguish both diagnostic groups. In the first place are the results of OCT angiography, which verify the pathology of NTG to the anterior part of optic nerve.

OPTIC CHIASM WIDTH IN NORMAL-TENSION AND HIGH-TENSION GLAUCOMA.

Purpose: The aim of our study was to find out whether in patients with hypertensive glaucoma (HTG) and normotensive glaucoma (NTG), there is a change in the size of the chiasm depending on the changes in the visual field. Therefore, we retrospectively measured the width of the chiasm in the patients to whom we measured the size of the corpus geniculatum laterale in 2013.

Materials And Methods: The group consisted of two groups of patients.