Implementation and Reach of Health Coaching Using Motivational Interviewing to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Uninsured Illinois Women.

Context: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality for US women; lack of health insurance contributes to poor control of risk factors and increased mortality. Health coaching including motivational interviewing can support primary and secondary CVD prevention, but among uninsured women, improving health outcomes is dependent on successfully reaching priority populations.

Objective: We evaluated the implementation and reach of health coaching with motivational interviewing among clients in the Illinois WISEWOMAN Program (IWP), a CVD screening and risk-reduction program for uninsured women aged 40 to 64.

Creating and Implementing a Community Engagement Strategy for the 2022-2027 Illinois Comprehensive Cancer Control Plan Through an Academic-State Public Health Department Partnership.

Introduction: Comprehensive cancer control (CCC) plans are state-level blueprints that identify regional cancer priorities and health equity strategies. Coalitions are encouraged to engage with community members, advocacy groups, people representing multiple sectors, and working partners throughout the development process. We describe the community and legislative engagement strategy developed and implemented during 2020-2022 for the 2022-2027 Illinois CCC plan.

Application of the consolidated framework for implementation research to understand implementation context of a cardiovascular disease risk-reduction intervention in rural churches.

Rural populations in the USA face higher rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality relative to non-rural and often lack access to health-promoting evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to support CVD prevention and management. Partnerships with faith organizations offer promise for translating preventative EBIs in rural communities; however, studies demonstrating effective translation of EBIs in these settings are limited. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and a multiple case study approach to understand the role of internal organizational context within 12 rural churches in the implementation of a 12-week CVD risk-reduction intervention followed by a 24-month maintenance program implemented in southernmost Illinois.

Shared Determinants for Human Papillomavirus and COVID-19 Vaccination Intention: An Opportunity for Resource Consolidation.

Purpose: This study aimed at targeting shared factors that influence the prevention of multiple diseases, which can help address various health problems simultaneously. We identified correlates of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination that overlap with COVID-19 vaccination.

Design: Cross-sectional survey data.

Rural Cancer Disparities: Understanding Implications for Breast and Cervical Cancer Diagnoses.

Background: Rural populations experience several disparities, influenced by structural-, community-, and individual-level barriers, across the breast and cervical cancer continuum.

Objectives: This study seeks to identify structural-, community-, and individual-level barriers that affect rural populations across the cancer continuum, understand the role of nurses serving rural populations in breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostics, and provide recommendations for working with rural patients.

Methods: This is a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews conducted with public health nurses serving rural populations.

Health Insurance Status as a Predictor of Mode of Colon Cancer Detection but Not Stage at Diagnosis: Implications for Early Detection.

Objective: For colon cancer patients, one goal of health insurance is to improve access to screening that leads to early detection, early-stage diagnosis, and polyp removal, all of which results in easier treatment and better outcomes. We examined associations among health insurance status, mode of detection (screen detection vs symptomatic presentation), and stage at diagnosis (early vs late) in a diverse sample of patients recently diagnosed with colon cancer from the Chicago metropolitan area.

Methods: Data came from the Colon Cancer Patterns of Care in Chicago study of racial and socioeconomic disparities in colon cancer screening, diagnosis, and care.

Assessing the relationship between patient-provider communication quality and quality of life among rural cancer survivors.

Purpose: We explored relationships between patient-provider communication quality (PPCQ) and three quality of life (QOL) domains among self-identified rural cancer survivors: social well-being, functional well-being, and physical well-being. We hypothesized that high PPCQ would be associated with greater social and functional well-being, but be less associated with physical well-being, due to different theoretical mechanisms.

Methods: All data were derived from the 2017-2018 Illinois Rural Cancer Assessment (IRCA).

Comparing the roles of social context, networks, and perceived social functioning with health-related quality of life among self-reported rural female cancer survivors.

Purpose: Rural women, compared to urban, experience worse survivorship outcomes, including poorer health-related quality of life (QOL). There is a need to characterize the role of multilevel social factors that contribute to QOL, including context, networks, and functioning. Our objectives were to (1) use latent class analysis to identify distinct classes of social context and social networks and (2) examine how multilevel social factors (context, networks, and functioning) are associated with health-related QOL.

Cancer-Related Debt and Mental-Health-Related Quality of Life among Rural Cancer Survivors: Do Family/Friend Informal Caregiver Networks Moderate the Relationship?

Social connectedness generally buffers the effects of stressors on quality of life. Is this the case for cancer-related debt among rural cancer survivors? Drawing on a sample of 135 rural cancer survivors, we leverage family/friend informal caregiver network data to determine if informal cancer caregivers buffer or exacerbate the effect of cancer-related debt on mental-health-related quality of life (MHQOL). Using data from the Illinois Rural Cancer Assessment, a survey of cancer survivors in rural Illinois, we estimate the association between cancer-related debt and MHQOL and whether informal caregiver network size and characteristics moderate this association.

Understanding Posttreatment Patient-Provider Communication and Follow-Up Care Among Self-Identified Rural Cancer Survivors in Illinois.

Purpose: As disparities in rural-urban cancer survivorship rates continue to widen, optimizing patient-provider communication regarding timely follow-up care is a potential mechanism to improving survivorship-related outcomes. The current study examines sociodemographic and health predictors of posttreatment patient-provider communication and follow-up care and associations between written communication and timely follow-up care for cancer survivors who identify as rural.

Methods: Data were analyzed from posttreatment cancer survivor respondents of the Illinois Rural Cancer Assessment Study.

Race and Gender Differences in Awareness of Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests and Guidelines Among Recently Diagnosed Colon Cancer Patients in an Urban Setting.

The purpose of this study was to first characterize the prevalence of recall, recognition, and knowledge of colon cancer screening tests and guidelines (collectively, "awareness") among non-Hispanic black (NHB) and NH white (NHW) urban colon cancer patients. Second, we sought to examine whether awareness was associated with mode of cancer detection. Low awareness regarding colon cancer screening tests and guidelines may explain low screening rates and high prevalence of symptomatic detection.

Comorbidities, treatment-related consequences, and health-related quality of life among rural cancer survivors.

Purpose: We explored how lifetime comorbidities and treatment-related cancer symptoms were associated with quality of life (QOL) in rural cancer survivors.

Methods: Survivors (n = 125) who were rural Illinois residents aged 18+ years old were recruited from January 2017 to September 2018. We conducted 4 multivariable regressions with QOL domains as outcomes (social well-being, functional well-being, mental health-MHQOL, physical health-PHQOL); the number of physical and psychological comorbidities (e.

Physical activity and masculinity in rural men: a qualitative study of men recruited from churches.

The majority of rural US men fail to meet physical activity (PA) guidelines and are at risk for chronic diseases. This study sought to understand rural men's perceptions about PA and PA engagement and the influence of masculinity and social norms. From 2011 to 2014, 12 focus groups were conducted with men prior to a church-based health promotion intervention.

Effectiveness of a Faith-placed Cardiovascular Health Promotion Intervention for Rural Adults.

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the US. Further, rural US adults experience disproportionately high CVD prevalence and mortality compared to non-rural. Cardiovascular risk-reduction interventions for rural adults have shown short-term effectiveness, but long-term maintenance of outcomes remains a challenge.

Rural Women's Perceptions About Cancer Disparities and Contributing Factors: a Call to Communication.

Rural cancer disparities are increasingly documented in the USA. Research has identified and begun to address rural residents' cancer knowledge and behaviors, especially among women. Little, however, is known about rural female residents' awareness of cancer inequities and perceived contributing factors affecting them and their families.

Health care eligibility and availability and health care reform: Are we addressing rural women's barriers to accessing care?

Background: Rural populations in the U.S. face numerous barriers to health care access.

Age-Associated Perceptions of Physical Activity Facilitators and Barriers Among Women in Rural Southernmost Illinois.

Introduction: Women living in rural areas in the United States experience disproportionately high rates of diseases such as obesity and heart disease and are less likely than women living in urban areas to meet daily physical activity (PA) recommendations. The purpose of our research was to understand age-specific perceptions of barriers and facilitators to rural women engaging in PA and to identify strategies to promote PA among these women.

Methods: As part of a community health assessment to learn about women's health issues, 110 adult women participated in 14 focus groups.

Healthcare providers' knowledge and practices associated with postpartum hemorrhage during facility delivery in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Objective: To investigate healthcare providers' knowledge and practices associated with prevention and management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) to improve care in urban settings and reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.

Methods: As part of a cross-sectional, survey-based study, providers from 14 government health facilities providing maternal delivery services in the Ilala Municipality, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, were surveyed about PPH-related practices and knowledge in April 2015. The data were analyzed descriptively, and χ tests of independence were used to examine relationships between experience, facility type, and knowledge.

What Rural Women Want the Public Health Community to Know About Access to Healthful Food: A Qualitative Study, 2011.

Introduction: Living in a rural food desert has been linked to poor dietary habits. Understanding community perspectives about available resources and feasible solutions may inform strategies to improve food access in rural food deserts. The objective of our study was to identify resources and solutions to the food access problems of women in rural, southernmost Illinois.