Implementation of a Nutrition Care Bundle and Improved Weight Gain of Extremely Preterm Infants to 36 Weeks Postmenstrual Age.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a nutrition care bundle in improving growth in premature infants during neonatal hospitalization.

Study Design: This study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data for 584 surviving infants with birth weight ≤1000 g and gestational age 24-29 weeks admitted to a single-center neonatal intensive care unit between July 3, 2005, and June 6, 2016. Participants were divided into 3 discrete epochs based on evolving nutrition practices during the study period: epoch 1, baseline, open-bay setting; epoch 2, improved lactation staffing, introduction of high-protein formula, single-family room setting; epoch 3, complete nutrition care bundle.

Association of intralipid intake in extremely low birthweight infants with neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Aim: To determine whether high intake of intralipid (IL) in extremely low birthweight (ELBW) neonates is associated with higher rates of neuroimpairment and Bayley III scores at two years of corrected age.

Methods: Quartiles of IL received by 389 ELBW infants were linked to neurodevelopmental outcomes. Logistic regression analyses, adjusted for confounders, were performed to determine the association between IL dose and neuroimpairment.

Differential Effects of the Single-Family Room Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on 18- to 24-Month Bayley Scores of Preterm Infants.

Objectives: To determine the effects of human milk and social/environmental disparities on developmental outcomes of infants born preterm cared for in a single-family room (SFR) neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Study Design: Outcomes were compared between infants weighing ?1250 g cared for in an open-bay NICU (1/2007-8/2009) (n?=?394) and an SFR NICU (1/2010-12/2011) (n?=?297). Human milk provision at 1 week, 4 weeks and discharge, and 4 week volume (mL/kg/day) were analyzed.

First-week protein and energy intakes are associated with 18-month developmental outcomes in extremely low birth weight infants.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the association between early protein and energy intake and neurodevelopment and growth of extremely low birth weight (<1000 g) infants.

Study Design: Daily protein and energy intakes were collected by chart review for the first 4 weeks of life on 148 extremely low birth weight survivors. A total of 124 infants (84%) returned for evaluation at 18 months' corrected age.

Persistent beneficial effects of breast milk ingested in the neonatal intensive care unit on outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants at 30 months of age.

Background: We previously reported beneficial effects of breast milk ingestion by infants with extremely low birth weight in the NICU on developmental outcomes at 18 months' corrected age. The objective of this study was to determine whether these effects of breast milk in infants with extremely low birth weight persisted at 30 months' corrected age.

Methods: Nutrition data, including enteral and parenteral feeds, were prospectively collected, and 30 months' corrected age follow-up assessments were completed on 773 infants with extremely low birth weight who participated in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network Glutamine Trial.

Beneficial effects of breast milk in the neonatal intensive care unit on the developmental outcome of extremely low birth weight infants at 18 months of age.

Objective: Beneficial effects of breast milk on cognitive skills and behavior ratings have been demonstrated previously in term and very low birth weight infants. Extremely low birth weight infants are known to be at increased risk for developmental and behavior morbidities. The benefits of breast milk that is ingested in the NICU by extremely low birth weight infants on development and behavior have not been evaluated previously.

The effects of the introduction of a high-nutrient transitional formula on growth and development of very-low-birth-weight infants.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of introducing a high-nutrient transitional formula (TF) for use after discharge on the growth and development of premature infants.

Study Design And Methods: This was a cohort study of all surviving infants with a birth weight < or =1250 g admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 1996. Infants with major congenital abnormalities were excluded.