Food Insecurity Among Older Adults Living in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review.

Background And Objectives: Food insecurity is considered an increasing public health problem worldwide with adverse effects, especially among older adults. Although the literature related to food insecurity among older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are expanding, little is known about existing patterns and knowledge gaps in these settings. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current research related to food insecurity among older adults in LMIC.

Determinant factors associated with the use of evidence-based dietetics practice among registered dietitian nutritionists.

Aims: There is a lack of research assessing perceived and actual evidence-based dietetics practice knowledge among registered dietitian nutritionists. This cross-sectional research examined the association between determinant factors (i.e.

Validity and reliability of a questionnaire measuring EBDPs among registered dietitian nutritionist.

Background: There is a lack of a valid and reliable instrument that measures objective and subjective knowledge of evidence-based dietetic practices (EBDP) among registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs). The present study aimed to develop and assess the validity and reliability of an EBDP Questionnaire (EBDPQ) with objective knowledge items (i.e.

Family medicine physicians' report strong support, barriers and preferences for Registered Dietitian Nutritionist care in the primary care setting.

Background: Previous studies have examined barriers (e.g. time) for Family Medicine Providers (FMPs) to provide nutrition and lifestyle counseling, however, to date no studies have examined access or interest to Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN) care for patients.

One-trial behavioral sensitization in preweanling rats: differential effects of cocaine, methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and D-amphetamine.

Rationale: Preweanling rats exhibit robust one-trial cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization; however, it is uncertain whether other psychostimulants can also induce sensitization in young rats using the one-trial procedure.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether methamphetamine, methylphenidate, and D: -amphetamine are capable of inducing one-trial locomotor sensitization in preweanling rats.

Methods: In a series of four experiments, rats were pretreated with cocaine (30 mg/kg), methamphetamine (2-12 mg/kg), methylphenidate (5-20 mg/kg), or amphetamine (5 mg/kg) before being placed in a novel activity chamber or the home cage on PD 19.

Early methylphenidate exposure enhances cocaine self-administration but not cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in young adult rats.

Rationale: Previous studies in rodents show that early exposure to methylphenidate alters later responsiveness to drugs of abuse. An interesting feature of these studies is that early methylphenidate treatment decreases the rewarding value of cocaine when measured by conditioned place preference (CPP), but the same treatment increases cocaine self-administration.

Objective: The goal of the present study was to examine the effects of early methylphenidate exposure on cocaine-induced responding using both reward paradigms.

Most parents do not think receiving human papillomavirus vaccine would encourage sexual activity in their children.

Objective: To determine whether parents think receiving human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine encourages sexual activity in their children.

Materials And Methods: Parents of children 9 to 17 years old living in Georgia and South Carolina completed a 53-item questionnaire that evaluated their opinions about the HPV vaccine and their feelings about whether receiving it encourages sexual intercourse in their children. Fisher exact tests and t tests were used to identify differences between groups.

Parental acceptance of a mandatory human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine factors that influence parent's acceptance of a mandatory school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program.

Methods: A convenience sample of 325 parents, with children aged 9 to 17 years old, completed a 53-item survey. Survey questions targeted their opinions about HPV, the HPV vaccine, and a mandatory HPV vaccination program.

Opinions of parents about school-entry mandates for the human papillomavirus vaccine.

Objective: To determine parents' opinions about school-entry mandates for the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine.

Materials And Methods: During the summer of 2008, 325 parents, with children 9 to 17 years old, completed a 53-question survey that evaluated their opinions about vaccines, HPV and the HPV vaccine, and mandatory childhood vaccination programs. Descriptive statistics were calculated for all survey items.

Building a system for preparedness: the NYCEPCE NEST experience.

The New York Consortium for Emergency Preparedness Continuing Education grew from clinician-oriented, Web-based continuing education developed with and primarily for clinicians associated with the New York Presbyterian Healthcare System. As the consortium expanded to reach all of New York State (and beyond, via the Web), courses originally developed at Columbia were transferred to a widely advertised Web site, and the content expanded. The National Education Strategy Team supplemental funds allowed New York Consortium for Emergency Preparedness Continuing Education to consider how to overcome one of the major challenges in emergency preparation, connectivity across all sectors, and levels of the public health community.

Emergency preparedness training for veterinarians: prevention of zoonotic transmission.

Natural zoonotic outbreaks can cause widespread devastation, and several zoonoses can be transmitted as agents of bioterrorism. Although veterinarians can be vital in controlling the transmission of zoonotic diseases, many lack knowledge about their roles in emergency response and about zoonoses. A training session titled "Prevention of Zoonotic Disease Transmission" was provided for New York veterinarians.

Community health centers and emergency preparedness: an assessment of competencies and training needs.

Community health centers (CHCs) provide care to a large number of medically underserved Americans. As primary care providers and trusted members of their communities, CHCs need to be prepared to respond to emergency and disaster situations, as they may be relied upon for medical care and other support services. Focus groups were conducted with CHC medical directors and administrators from New York City.

Impact of monetary incentives on adherence to referral for screening chest x-rays after syringe exchange-based tuberculin skin testing.

Introduction: Syringe-exchange programs (SEPs) have proven to be valuable sites to conduct tuberculin skin testing among active injection drug users. Chest x-rays (CXRs) are needed to exclude active tuberculosis prior to initiating treatment for latent tuberculosis infection. Adherence of drug users to referral for off-site chest x-rays has been incomplete.