Patient characteristics associated with definitive diagnosis of metastatic pancreatic cancer in those initially diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary.

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) and pancreatic cancer (PC) are malignancies associated with poor prognosis. CUP is the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in the US, and median survival time is 3-4 months. PC is the third most common cause of cancer mortality in the US, and median survival time for patients with stage 3 or 4 PC is 2-3 months.

Patient Characteristics Associated with Definitive Diagnosis of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer in Those Initially Diagnosed with Cancer of Unknown Primary.

Purpose: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in the U.S. Median survival after CUP diagnosis is 3-4 months.

Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy among College Students in Nevada: A State-Wide Cross-Sectional Study.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in a diverse state-wide population of students. An electronic survey was emailed to students in the Nevada System of Higher Education to assess effects of the pandemic. The survey included questions related to vaccine status, interest in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, factors influencing these decisions, and sources of health information.

Respiratory effects of road pollution in recreational cyclists: a pilot study.

We sought to measure bicyclists' roadway exposures to particulate matter and assess whether those exposures are associated with reduced pulmonary function. Thirty-one (31) volunteer participants riding bicycles on selected routes were tracked using the Global Positioning System. Personal exposures to particulate matter (PM-10) were measured during the rides and pulmonary function tests were administered at baseline, immediately after the ride, and 2 and 6-24 hours later.

Quantitative relationships of exposure to chrysotile asbestos and mesothelioma mortality.

Background: While asbestos has long been known to cause mesothelioma, quantitative exposure-response data on the relation of mesothelioma risk and exposure to chrysotile asbestos are sparse.

Methods: Quantitative relationships of mortality from mesothelioma and pleural cancer were investigated in an established cohort of 5397 asbestos textile manufacturing workers in North Carolina, USA. Eligible workers were those employed between 1950 and 1973 with mortality follow-up through 2003.

Cancer Registration in India - Current Scenario and Future Perspectives.

Cancer registration, an important component of cancer surveillance, is essential to a uni ed, scienti c and public health approach to cancer prevention and control. India has one of the highest cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world. A good surveillance system in the form of cancer registries is important for planning and evaluating cancer-control activities.

Increased lung cancer mortality among chrysotile asbestos textile workers is more strongly associated with exposure to long thin fibres.

Background: Animal data and physical models suggest that the carcinogenicity of asbestos fibres is related to their size and shape.

Objectives: To investigate the influence of fibre length and diameter on lung cancer risk in workers at asbestos textile mills in North Carolina and South Carolina, USA.

Methods: Men and women (n=6136) who worked ≥30 days in production and were employed between 1940 and 1973 were enumerated and followed for vital status through 2003.

Lung cancer mortality in North Carolina and South Carolina chrysotile asbestos textile workers.

Objectives: Studies of workers in two US cohorts of asbestos textile workers exposed to chrysotile (North Carolina (NC) and South Carolina (SC)) found increasing risk of lung cancer mortality with cumulative fibre exposure. However, the risk appeared to increase more steeply in SC, possibly due to differences in study methods. The authors conducted pooled analyses of the cohorts and investigated the exposure-disease relationship using uniform cohort inclusion criteria and statistical methods.

Case-control study of a gastroschisis cluster in Nevada.

Objective: To identify potential risk factors associated with a sudden increase in gastroschisis cases in northern Nevada.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Medical centers and a pregnancy care center in Reno, Nevada.

Prospective study of breast-feeding in relation to wheeze, atopy, and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC).

Background: Breast-feeding clearly protects against early wheezing, but recent data suggest that it might increase later risk of atopic disease and asthma.

Objective: We sought to examine the relationship between breast-feeding and later asthma and allergy outcomes by using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a large birth cohort in the United Kingdom.

Methods: We used adjusted logistic regression models to evaluate the association between breast-feeding and atopy at age 7 years, bronchial responsiveness to methacholine at age 8 years, and wheeze at ages 3 and 7 1/2 years.

Dust weight and asthma prevalence in the National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing (NSLAH).

Background: Settled dust has been used in studies to assess exposures to allergens and other biologically active components, but it has not been considered in the aggregate in relation to respiratory health outcomes in the general population.

Objective: We addressed whether total house dust weight, an index of total dust exposure, was associated with respiratory health outcomes in the National Survey of Lead and Allergens in Housing (1998-1999) (NSLAH).

Methods: NSLAH was a cross-sectional survey designed to represent permanently occupied housing units in the United States.

Volatile organic compounds and pulmonary function in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994.

Background: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present in much higher concentrations indoors, where people spend most of their time, than outdoors and may have adverse health effects. VOCs have been associated with respiratory symptoms, but few studies address objective respiratory end points such as pulmonary function. Blood levels of VOCs may be more indicative of personal exposures than are air concentrations; no studies have addressed their relationship with respiratory outcomes.

Prevalences of positive skin test responses to 10 common allergens in the US population: results from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background: Allergy skin tests were administered in the second and third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES II and III) conducted in the United States from 1976 through 1980 and 1988 through 1994, respectively.

Objectives: This study estimated positive skin test response rates in NHANES III and identified predictors of one or more positive test responses. Comparisons with NHANES II were also made.

Progression of self-reported symptoms in laboratory animal allergy.

Background: Laboratory animal allergy is a common illness among workers exposed to laboratory animals and can progress to symptoms of asthma.

Objectives: This study evaluates the continuum of disease from allergy symptoms to asthma symptoms in a dynamic cohort of workers exposed to animals in a pharmaceutical company.

Methods: Data arose from annual questionnaires administered to workers in a surveillance program established to monitor exposure to animals and the development of allergy.