Internet Devices and Internet Access Among Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers, North Carolina, 2023.

Objectives: Migrant and seasonal farmworkers work in rural areas where internet access may be limited. We assessed internet access, cost of access, and devices available to farmworkers through a statewide survey in North Carolina.

Methods: During the 2023 agricultural season, we surveyed 1034 migrant and seasonal farmworkers during routine outreach visits in partnership with community health workers employed by 8 community health centers or by nonprofit health service agencies serving farmworkers in North Carolina.

Personal Networks and Cervical Cancer Screening among Black Immigrant Women.

Background: Prior research has linked personal network characteristics with cancer screening uptake including Papanicolaou (Pap) screening, but less is known about the experiences of Black immigrant women (BIW) in the USA. We examined the relationship between network characteristics and Pap screening among BIW and explored how their network members influence their cancer related knowledge and prevention behaviors.

Methods: A mixed methods study of BIW, aged 21-65 years, in southeastern US included a cross-sectional survey (N = 204) and in-depth individual interviews (N = 13).

Community health worker outreach to farmworkers in rural North Carolina: Learning from adaptations to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Background: Community health workers represent a critical part of the health outreach and services for migrant and seasonal farmworkers ('farmworkers') in rural areas of the United States.

Purpose: We sought to identify adaptations to farmworker patient engagement and health outreach made by community health workers during the first 18 months of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In this qualitative study, we used semi-structured interviews with community health workers from August 2020 to February 2022 (n = 21).

"Valorar el trabajo de farmworkers": A thematic analysis of input from farmworkers, advocates, and students in a community documentary project about the future of farm work.

Farm work is one of the nation's most hazardous occupations, and migrant and seasonal farmworkers face significant health inequities. Awareness and understanding of the needs of this population are crucial in assuring they receive appropriate support. Documentary programs can raise awareness of community member views to better inform services and advocacy efforts.

Increasing health facility childbirth in Ghana: the role of network and community norms.

Background: Reducing pregnancy-related deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa through increases in health facility births may be achieved by promoting community norms and network norms favoring health facility births. However, the process of how both norms shift attitudes and actions towards facility delivery is little studied. We examined the association of network and community norms with facility birth, following a quality improvement intervention to improve facility births in Ghana.

Digital Inclusion for Farmworkers in a Pandemic: The North Carolina Farmworker Health Program Internet Connectivity Project, 2020‒2021.

The North Carolina Farmworker Health Program (NCFHP) implemented an emergency program in response to North Carolina migrant and seasonal farmworkers' urgent need for Internet access for health information, family connections, and telehealth services during COVID-19 isolation and quarantine. This article describes the NCFHP Internet Connectivity Project implementation and evaluation from June 2020 to December 2021. The project placed 448 devices across the state and provided Internet access to more than 3184 farmworkers during the 2021 peak farming season.

Focus groups revealed how community health workers in North Carolina find, verify, and process health information for migrant and seasonal farmworkers.

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) bridge the gap in health and social services delivery for marginalized communities, providing critical health information to those with limited access to health resources.

Objectives: The purpose of our study was to understand CHWs' approaches to identifying salient and credible health information for migrant and seasonal farmworkers in rural North Carolina (NC).

Methods: Two focus group discussions were held with CHWs in eastern NC and one in western NC in February 2020.

Length of Residency in the United States and Obesity Across Race/Ethnicity.

We examined whether the association between length of US residency (LUSR) and obesity is dependent on race/ethnicity and sex, among foreign-born individuals. Adult's body mass index (N = 151,756) were analyzed using the 2013-2017 National Health Interview Surveys. Among foreign-born adults living in the US < 5 years, non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics had the highest obesity prevalence compared to non-Hispanic Whites and Asians.

Sociodemographic correlates of colorectal cancer screening completion among women adherent to mammography screening guidelines by place of birth.

Introduction: Colorectal cancer screening rates in the U.S. still fall short of national goals, while screening rates for other cancer sites, such as breast, remain high.

Creating information resources and trainings for farmworker-serving community health workers.

Background: Farmworker-serving community health workers have limited access to farmworker health research findings, training, and education resources. With funding from the National Library of Medicine, we are working to improve the health information literacy of both community health workers and farmworkers. We conducted focus group discussions with community health workers to explore their experiences providing health education and information to farmworkers, their information-seeking behaviors, and their technology and information needs.

Human papillomavirus dose reminder preferences among parents from a diverse clinical sample: a qualitative study.

Reminders are an important method for encouraging patients to return for follow-up visits, such as for successive doses of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. However, patients may have preferences for different types of reminders. This study examined which reminder methods parents of pediatric patients found most useful and their thoughts on how the reminders helped them to complete their children's HPV vaccine series.

Community Health Workers' Role in Addressing Farmworker Health Disparities.

Community health workers (CHWs) are uniquely positioned to connect migrant and seasonal farmworkers to health promotion and clinical services. However, research on CHWs' experiences, particularly related to their provision of health education to farmworkers, is limited. To explore CHWs' practices and challenges in conducting health education outreach, we conducted three focus group discussions with farmworker health CHWs (N = 28) in North Carolina in the spring of 2020.

HPV vaccination uptake among foreign-born Blacks in the US: insights from the National Health Interview Survey 2013-2017.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake is lower among foreign-born than US-born individuals, but HPV-related (e.g., cervical) cancer risks are disproportionately higher among immigrant populations.

The Association Between Veteran Status and Obesity Differs Across Race/Ethnicity.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the interaction between veteran status and race/ethnicity on obesity status.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: The 2013-2017 National Health Interview Survey.

Advancing the Health of Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in the United States: Identifying Gaps in the Existing Literature, 2021.

There are profound health inequities for agricultural workers. We sought to assess the literature on migrant and seasonal farmworker health with an eye toward health promotion interventions, special populations, use of community health workers (CHWs), and technology. We conducted a systematic mapping review by searching five databases in March 2021.

Social Support Networks and Foreign-Birth Status Associated With Obesity, Hypertension and Diabetes Prevalence Among 21-30 and 50-70 Year Old Adults Living in the San Francisco Bay Area.

Purpose: To examine whether social network characteristics of US-and foreign-born individuals are related to hypertension, diabetes and obesity prevalence.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: Six San Francisco Bay Area counties.

Coronavirus pandemic highlights critical gaps in rural Internet access for migrant and seasonal farmworkers: a call for partnership with medical libraries.

Migrant and seasonal farmworkers, who are essential workers in the coronavirus global public health emergency, face unique risks to their health as well as longstanding health inequities. This commentary highlights these risks and argues that Internet access represents an underappreciated but critical part of the public health response. The authors first discuss the unique risks farmworkers face.

Knowledge, Attitudes, Willingness to Pay, and Patient Preferences About Genetic Testing and Subsequent Risk Management for Cancer Prevention.

Knowledge, attitudes, and patient preferences about genetic testing and subsequent risk management for cancer prevention among average risk populations are understudied, especially among Hispanics. This study was to assess these items by conducting an in-person survey in this understudied population. We conducted in-person surveys using a self-administered, structured questionnaire among young women in 2017.

Infant vaccination education preferences among low-income pregnant women.

Childhood vaccination is an important public health intervention, yet many children remain under-vaccinated. The objective of this study was to examine infant vaccination education preferences in a population of low-income pregnant women by ethnicity, nativity, and language. Pregnant women 14-44 y old (n = 335) attending a participating low-income reproductive health clinic in southeast Texas from May 26-July 21, 2017, and who completed a paper survey offered in English and Spanish were included.

Assessing the Potential Impact of Cigarette Packs Designed for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adults: A Randomized Experiment to Inform U.S. Regulation, 2018.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can regulate the introduction of new tobacco products and some changes to existing products. Cigarette packs have been used as a marketing tool to target specific groups and priority populations. Research has shown that sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults are substantially more likely to use tobacco products than their straight and cisgender counterparts.

A national study of gender and racial differences in colorectal cancer screening among foreign-born older adults living in the US.

This study examined within group heterogeneity in colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) among foreign-born individuals. Data were from the 2010, 2013 and 2015 National Health Interview Survey data on older adults (N = 5529). In 2018, multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine whether gender and race/ethnicity were associated with CRCS after controlling for sociodemographic, health access, and acculturation related factors.

Use of Short Messaging Service to Improve Follow-Up for Abnormal Pap Test Results in Minority and Medically Underserved Women in North Carolina: Questionnaire on Attitudes and Acceptability.

Background: An estimated one in eight cervical cancer cases are due to a lack of follow-up care for abnormal Pap test results. Low rates of completion of follow-up care particularly affect low-income minority women. The burden of cervical cancer could be reduced through interventions that improve timely colposcopy follow-up and treatment of abnormal screening results.

Evolving IQOS packaging designs change perceptions of product appeal, uniqueness, quality and safety: a randomised experiment, 2018, USA.

Background: Globally, the tobacco industry is promoting heated tobacco products. These products may represent a strategy to promote dual use of tobacco products. One product, IQOS from Philip Morris International, is being proposed in the USA for marketing as a less harmful product.

Placing prostate cancer disparities within a psychosocial context: challenges and opportunities for future research.

Black men are more likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer compared with White men. Despite advances in prevention and treatment strategies, disparities in prostate cancer among Black men persist. While research on the causes of higher incidence and mortality is ongoing, there is limited evidence in the existing literature that clearly speaks to the potential psychological or social factors that may contribute to disparities in prostate cancer incidence.