Creating a Nonprofit Spin-Off to Implement a Community Health Improvement Plan: A Case Study of a Midsize Health Department in the Midwest.

A common problem faced by local health departments is engaging cross-sector stakeholders to achieve shared community goals. Community engagement is critical for effective Community Health Improvement Plan (CHIP) development and implementation, while also being a standard for health department accreditation. This case study describes one city-county health department's development of a nonprofit arm to act as a catalyst for connecting community leaders to identify and collaboratively address community health goals.

Community Health Improvement Plans: An Analysis of Approaches Used by Local Health Departments.

Context: The Public Health Accreditation Board requires accredited local health departments (LHDs) to complete community health improvement plans (CHIPs). Evidence suggests that participatory planning frameworks, cross-sector collaboration, social determinants of health (SDOHs), and steering organizations are integral to effective public health planning. However, little is known about the degree to which LHDs incorporate these aspects during the CHIP process.

Regulation of myosin heavy chain antisense long noncoding RNA in human vastus lateralis in response to exercise training.

Alterations to muscle activity or loading state can induce changes in expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC). For example, sedentary individuals that initiate exercise training can induce a pronounced shift from IIx to IIa MHC. We sought to examine the regulatory response of MHC RNA in human subjects in response to exercise training.

Transcriptome analysis of a Pseudomonas aeruginosasn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mutant reveals a disruption in bioenergetics.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa causes acute and chronic human infections and is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We previously determined that the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase encoded by glpD plays a larger role in P. aeruginosa physiology beyond its role in glycerol metabolism.

The Not-So-Soft Spot: Pathophysiology of the Bulging Fontanelle in Association With Roseola.

Roseola infantum is a clinical syndrome characterized by high fever followed by the emergence of a rash. Case reports have documented an association between bulging fontanelles and roseola. We propose a novel mechanism for the development of intracranial hypertension caused by human herpesvirus 6-induced cytokine elevation leading to increased cerebrospinal fluid production.

Beyond the Effects of Comprehensive Sexuality Education: The Significant Prospective Effects of Youth Assets on Contraceptive Behaviors.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to prospectively determine if youth assets were significantly associated with contraception use after accounting for the effects of youths' exposure to comprehensive sexuality education programming.

Methods: Prospective associations between youth asset scores, comprehensive sexuality education topics received, type of contraceptive used, and consistent contraceptive use were analyzed using multinomial and binomial logistic regression in a sample of 757 sexually active youth.

Results: Higher youth asset scores were associated with condom use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.

Prospective Associations Among Youth Religiosity and Religious Denomination and Youth Contraception Use.

This study prospectively investigates associations among youth religiosity, religious denomination, and contraception use. Associations between youth religiosity and religious denomination, and type of contraceptive used and consistent contraceptive use among sexually active youth (N = 757) were analyzed using multinomial and binomial logistic regression. Identifying with a religious denomination was a predictor of dual contraceptive use relative to using no method of contraception (AOR = 2.

Providing researchers with online access to NHLBI biospecimen collections: The results of the first six years of the NHLBI BioLINCC program.

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), within the United States' National Institutes of Health (NIH), established the Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC) in 2008 to develop the infrastructure needed to link the contents of the NHLBI Biorepository and the NHLBI Data Repository, and to promote the utilization of these scientific resources by the broader research community. Program utilization metrics were developed to measure the impact of BioLINCC on Biorepository access by researchers, including visibility, program efficiency, user characteristics, scientific impact, and research types. Input data elements were defined and are continually populated as requests move through the process of initiation through fulfillment and publication.

Identification of Genes in that Are Haploinsufficient for Overcoming Amino Acid Starvation.

The yeast responds to amino acid deprivation by activating a pathway conserved in eukaryotes to overcome the starvation stress. We have screened the entire yeast heterozygous deletion collection to identify strains haploinsufficient for growth in the presence of sulfometuron methyl, which causes starvation for isoleucine and valine. We have discovered that cells devoid of are sensitive to sulfometuron methyl, and loss of heterozygosity at the locus can complicate screening the heterozygous deletion collection.

Assessing Feasibility and Readiness to Address Obesity through Policy in American Indian Reservations.

The Institute of Medicine and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have identified policy and environmental strategies as critical to the prevention and control of obesity. However such strategies are rare in American Indian communities despite significant obesity-related disparities. Tribal policymaking processes differ by tribal nation and are often poorly understood by researchers and public health practitioners, hindering the dissemination, implementation, and successful scale-up of evidence-base obesity strategies in tribal communities.

BEEP: An assay to detect bio-energetic and envelope permeability alterations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

We developed an effective and rapid assay to detect both bio-energetic and envelope permeability (BEEP) alterations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The assay is based on quantification of extracellular ATP in bacterial cultures using luciferase as a reporter. To demonstrate the validity of our assay we conducted a biased screen of a transposon insertion library in P.

Providing Contemporary Access to Historical Biospecimen Collections: Development of the NHLBI Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC).

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), within the United States' National Institutes of Health (NIH), established a Biorepository in 1976 that initially archived biospecimens from population-based blood product safety surveys. It was later expanded to biospecimens from clinical and epidemiological studies in heart, lung, and blood disorders. The NHLBI also established a Data Repository in 2000 to store and distribute study data from NHLBI-sponsored research.

Reproductive strategies and seasonal changes in the somatic indices of seven small-bodied fishes in Atlantic Canada in relation to study design for environmental effects monitoring.

Small-bodied fishes are more commonly being used in environmental effects monitoring (EEM) studies. There is a lack of understanding of the biological characteristics of many small-bodied species, which hinders study designs for monitoring studies. For example, 72% of fish population surveys in Canada's EEM program for pulp and paper mills that used small-bodied fishes were conducted outside of the reproductive period of the species.

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Central Repositories: a valuable resource for nephrology research.

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Central Repositories, part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), are an important resource available to researchers and the general public. The Central Repositories house samples, genetic data, phenotypic data, and study documentation from >100 NIDDK-funded clinical studies, in areas such as diabetes, digestive disease, and liver disease research. The Central Repositories also have an exceptionally rich collection of studies related to kidney disease, including the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease landmark study and recent data from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort and CKD in Children Cohort studies.

Alcohol, smoking, and body size in relation to incident Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma risk.

Studies associate alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and body size with the risk of overall or subtype lymphoma. Current data come mostly from case-control studies or prospective studies with few cases. In the prospective National Institutes of Health-former American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study, the authors assessed the above lifestyle factors via baseline questionnaire among 285,079 men and 188,905 women aged 50-71 years and ascertained histologically confirmed Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 58) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 1,381) cases through linkage with cancer registries from 1995 to 2000.

Lifetime weight history and endometrial cancer risk by type of menopausal hormone use in the NIH-AARP diet and health study.

Obesity and menopausal estrogen therapy are established risk factors for endometrial cancer. However, the joint effects of obesity and menopausal hormone therapy on endometrial cancer risk are incompletely understood. We addressed this issue in a cohort of 103,882 women ages 50 to 71 years at baseline in 1995 to 1996.

Digoxin toxicity: pediatric survival after asystolic arrest.

We report the first case of a child with known cardiac disease who presented in full cardiac arrest secondary to digoxin poisoning and was successfully resuscitated. A 12-week-old female presented 1-week status post surgical repair of a congenital heart anomaly in asystolic cardiac arrest. The patient was successfully resuscitated with standard Advanced Pediatric Life Support.

Probabilities of death from breast cancer and other causes among female breast cancer patients.

Background: Among cancer patients, probabilities of death from that cancer and other causes in the presence of competing risks are optimal measures of prognosis and of mortality across demographic groups. We used data on breast cancer patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program in a competing-risk analysis.

Methods: We determined vital status and cause of death for 395,251 white and 35,259 black female patients with breast cancer diagnosed from January 1, 1973, through December 31, 2000, by use of SEER data.

Secular stability and reliability of measurements of the percentage of dense tissue on mammograms.

Elevated mammographic density is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. We conducted a reliability study on mammographic density assessments to determine their potential usefulness for projecting individual breast cancer risk. We used baseline screening mammograms from 7251 women in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP).