Older men display elevated levels of senescence-associated exercise-responsive CD28 angiogenic T cells compared with younger men.

Aging is associated with elevated cardiovascular disease risk. As a result of aging, endothelial dysfunction develops, partly due to a reduction in vascular regenerative ability. CD31 T cells (angiogenic T cells; T ) possess highly angiogenic capabilities; however, these cells are significantly reduced in older populations.

Lower resting and exercise-induced circulating angiogenic progenitors and angiogenic T cells in older men.

Aging is associated with a dysfunctional endothelial phenotype as well as reduced angiogenic capabilities. Exercise exerts beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, possibly by increasing/maintaining the number and/or function of circulating angiogenic cells (CACs), which are known to decline with age. However, the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and age-related changes in the frequency of CACs, as well as the exercise-induced responsiveness of CACs in older individuals, has not yet been determined.

A 10 km time trial running bout acutely increases the number of angiogenic T cells in the peripheral blood compartment of healthy males.

What is the central question of the study? Are CD31 angiogenic T (T ) cells preferentially mobilized in response to acute exercise? What is the main finding and its importance? Our study reveals that T cells are redistributed into the circulation in response to acute strenuous exercise, but to a lesser extent than CD31 T cells. Of the T cells mobilized, T cells expressing CXCR4 show greater redistribution compared with CXCR4 T cells. Stromal-derived factor 1-α does not appear to play a role in the redistribution of T cells expressing CXCR4.

Sleep disruption and its effect on lymphocyte redeployment following an acute bout of exercise.

Sleep disruption and deprivation are common in contemporary society and have been linked with poor health, decreased job performance and increased life-stress. The rapid redeployment of lymphocytes between the blood and tissues is an archetypal feature of the acute stress response, but it is not known if short-term perturbations in sleep architecture affect lymphocyte redeployment. We examined the effects of a disrupted night sleep on the exercise-induced redeployment of lymphocytes and their subtypes.

Senescent T-lymphocytes are mobilised into the peripheral blood compartment in young and older humans after exhaustive exercise.

Senescent T-lymphocytes are antigen-experienced cells that express the killer-cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) and/or CD57; fail to clonally expand following further antigenic stimulation and prevail in the resting blood of older adults compared to the young. Physical exercise mobilises T-lymphocytes into the bloodstream and is therefore a model with which to compare age-related phenotypes of blood-resident T-cells with those T-cells entering the blood from peripheral lymphoid compartments. Eight young (Y; Age: 21+/-3 years) and 8 older (O; Age: 56+/-3 years) healthy males completed a maximal treadmill exercise protocol.