Reproductive healthcare in prison: A qualitative study of women's experiences and perspectives in Ontario, Canada.

Objective: To explore women's experiences and perspectives of reproductive healthcare in prison.

Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured focus groups in 2018 with women in a provincial prison in Ontario, Canada. We asked participants about their experiences and perspectives of pregnancy and contraception related to healthcare in prison.

Impact of postal correspondence letters on participation in cancer screening: a rapid review.

The purpose of this rapid review was to identify and synthesize evidence on the impact of postal correspondence letters on participation in cancer screening and to determine whether impact varied by cancer site or inclusion of the participant's physician's name within the letter (i.e., physician-linked).

Breast cancer risk and breast screening for trans people: an integration of 3 systematic reviews.

Background: Trans people face uncertain risk for breast cancer and barriers to accessing breast screening. Our objectives were to identify and synthesize primary research evidence on the effect of cross-sex hormones (CSHs) on breast cancer risk, prognosis and mortality among trans people, the benefits and harms of breast screening in this population, and existing clinical practice recommendations on breast screening for trans people.

Methods: We conducted 2 systematic reviews of primary research, 1 on the effect of CSHs on breast cancer risk, prognosis and mortality, and the other on the benefits and harms of breast screening, and a third systematic review of guidelines on existing screening recommendations for trans people.

Risk of Advanced Adenoma, Colorectal Cancer, and Colorectal Cancer Mortality in People With Low-Risk Adenomas at Baseline Colonoscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of advanced adenomas (AAs), colorectal cancer (CRC), and/or CRC-related death among individuals with low-risk adenomas (LRAs).

Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase for studies published between January 2006 and July 2015. Quality and strength of the evidence were rated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the GRADE framework, respectively.

Screening for lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To examine evidence on benefits and harms of screening average to high-risk adults for lung cancer using chest radiology (CXR), sputum cytology (SC) and low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).

Methods: This systematic review was conducted to provide up to date evidence for Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (CTFPHC) lung cancer screening guidelines. Four databases were searched to March 31, 2015 along with utilizing a previous Cochrane review search.

Interventions for prevention and treatment of tobacco smoking in school-aged children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of primary health care relevant interventions to prevent and treat tobacco smoking in school-aged children and adolescents.

Methods: This systematic review considered studies included in a prior review. We adapted and updated the search to April 2015.

Navigating knowledge to action: a conceptual map for facilitating translation of population health risk planning tools into practice.

A population health risk tool was created that estimates future diabetes risk and provides outputs that can inform practical and meaningful diabetes prevention strategies and support local decision making and planning. A project was designed to inform and understand knowledge translation and application of this novel tool in multiple health-related settings. Lacking published studies in this area, the authors conceived a conceptual map to guide the project that integrates and adapts elements from several planned action theories.

Strategies for weight maintenance in adult populations treated for overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Once weight loss is achieved, the challenge is to maintain this benefit. This review reports on the effectiveness of programs for weight-loss maintenance, as part of a larger review examining treatments for overweight and obese adults.

Methods: We updated the search of a 2011 review on screening and management of overweight and obese adults.

Treatment of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Childhood obesity is a public health concern. One-third of North American children and youth are overweight or obese. We reviewed the evidence of behavioural and pharmacological weight-management interventions on body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and youth.

Prevention of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: One-third of Canadian children are overweight or obese. This problem carries considerable concern for negative impacts on current and future health. Promoting healthy growth and development is critical.

Treatment for overweight and obesity in adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Obesity is a major public health issue. This review updates the evidence on the effectiveness of behavioural and pharmacologic treatments for overweight and obesity in adults.

Methods: We updated the search conducted in a previous review.

Prevention of overweight and obesity in adult populations: a systematic review.

Background: The prevalence of normal-weight adults is decreasing, and the proportion in excessive weight categories (body mass index ≥ 25) is increasing. In this review, we sought to identify interventions to prevent weight gain in normal-weight adults.

Methods: We searched multiple databases from January 1980 to June 2013.

Enhancing nutritional environments through access to fruit and vegetables in schools and homes among children and youth: a systematic review.

Background: Low fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption is one of the top 10 global risk factors for mortality, and is related to increased risk for cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Many environmental, sociodemographic and personal factors affect FV consumption. The purpose of this review is to examine the effects of interventions delivered in the home, school and other nutritional environments designed to increase FV availability for five to 18-year olds.

Screening for cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The systematic review on which this paper is based provided evidence for the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care to update their guideline regarding screening for cervical cancer. In this article we highlight three questions covered in the full review that pertain to the effectiveness of screening for reducing cervical cancer mortality and incidence as well as optimal timing and frequency of screening.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Central from 1995 to 2012 for relevant randomized controlled trials and observational studies with comparison groups.

The Registry of Knowledge Translation Methods and Tools: a resource to support evidence-informed public health.

Objectives: This paper examines the development of a globally accessible online Registry of Knowledge Translation Methods and Tools to support evidence-informed public health.

Methods: A search strategy, screening and data extraction tools, and writing template were developed to find, assess, and summarize relevant methods and tools. An interactive website and searchable database were designed to house the registry.

Community-based interventions for enhancing access to or consumption of fruit and vegetables among five to 18-year olds: a scoping review.

Background: Low fruit and vegetable ( FV) consumption is a key risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Consumption of FV is limited by a lack of access to FV. Enhanced understanding of interventions and their impact on both access to and consumption of FV can provide guidance to public health decision-makers.

Building capacity for evidence informed decision making in public health: a case study of organizational change.

Background: Core competencies for public health in Canada require proficiency in evidence informed decision making (EIDM). However, decision makers often lack access to information, many workers lack knowledge and skills to conduct systematic literature reviews, and public health settings typically lack infrastructure to support EIDM activities. This research was conducted to explore and describe critical factors and dynamics in the early implementation of one public health unit's strategic initiative to develop capacity to make EIDM standard practice.

An ecological process model of systems change.

In June 2007 the American Journal of Community Psychology published a special issue focused on theories, methods and interventions for systems change which included calls from the editors and authors for theoretical advancement in this field. We propose a conceptual model of systems change that integrates familiar and fundamental community psychology principles (succession, interdependence, cycling of resources, adaptation) and accentuates a process orientation. To situate our framework we offer a definition of systems change and a brief review of the ecological perspective and principles.