Prospects of a Transdermal Dosage Form (Microneedles) and Justification of the Active Substance Selection for Development of a New Medicine.

Prospects for the development of a transdermal dosage form (DF) based on microneedles were considered. Methods for obtaining such systems, the application areas, and data from the pharmaceutical market were examined. A wide sample of INNs that are used to reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients was formed based on clinical guidelines.

[Modern approaches to the management of an anesthesiological support in pediatric ENT surgery].

The paper deals with the topical problem of pediatric anesthesiology--current approaches to performing an anesthesiological appliance in pediatric ENT surgery. The study included 1299 children aged 3 days of life to 14 with various surgical ENT abnormalities at anesthesia risk I-III (ASA) in whom surgical intervention was performed under multicomponent general anesthesia or under local anesthesia. The paper comparatively characterizes the currently available methods for general anesthesia used during both short ENT surgery and long endonasal microendoscopic interventions.

[Prolonged blocking of the brachial plexus by axillary approach in children].

Surgical interventions were carried out under combined total anesthesia with prolonged blocking of the brachial plexus via axillary approach in 40 children aged 4-14 years with surgical diseases of the arms. Prolonged axillary blockade maintained adequate analgesia in the lower third of the brachial bone, ulnar joint, forearm, and hand for 24-48 h. The proposed protocols of lidocaine and bupivacaine infusion into the axillary space of the brachial plexus caused no toxic reactions in children of this age group.

[Evaluation of the effectiveness of slow-flow anesthesia in children].

Combined total anesthesia by a slow flow of fresh gas (slow-flow anesthesia) was used in 98 children aged 1-14 years with various surgical diseases. The advantages of this method consist in a lower loss of humor and heat from the child's airways during surgery, a lower contamination of the air in the operation room, and a lower cost of anesthesia. If properly monitored, such anesthesia is a sufficiently effective and safe method of inhalation anesthesia, which can be used with good results in routine pediatric surgery.