var. () causes crown rust disease of glossy buckthorn () and reed canarygrass (), two highly invasive plant species in North America. is closely related to major pathogens of cereals, turfgrasses, and forage grasses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPuccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) causes stem rust disease in wheat that can result in severe yield losses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWheat stem rust has reemerged as a serious disease caused by new variants of f. sp. .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeaf rust, caused by Erikss., is globally the most widespread rust of wheat. Populations of are highly diverse for virulence, with many different races found annually.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmong the thousands of rust species described, many are known for their devastating effects on their hosts, which include major agriculture crops and trees. Hence, for over a century, these basidiomycete pathogenic fungi have been researched and experimented with. However, due to their biotrophic nature, they are challenging organisms to work with and, needing their hosts for propagation, represent pathosystems that are not easily experimentally accessible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWheat stem rust, caused by f. sp. , is a re-emerging disease exemplified by recent epidemics caused by new virulent races.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisease resistance (R) genes from wild relatives could be used to engineer broad-spectrum resistance in domesticated crops. We combined association genetics with R gene enrichment sequencing (AgRenSeq) to exploit pan-genome variation in wild diploid wheat and rapidly clone four stem rust resistance genes. AgRenSeq enables R gene cloning in any crop that has a diverse germplasm panel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychotria nervosa, commonly called "wild coffee" (Rubiaceae), is an important ethno-medicinal plant in India. In 2010, a new rust disease of P. nervosa was observed in three regions of Mysore District, Karnataka (India), with disease incidence ranging from 58 to 63%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrequent emergence of new variants in the Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Ug99 race group in Kenya has made pathogen survey a priority.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe recent resurgence of wheat stem rust caused by new virulent races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) poses a threat to food security.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRace Ug99 (TTKSK) of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, detected in Uganda in 1998, has been recognized as a serious threat to food security because it possesses combined virulence to a large number of resistance genes found in current widely grown wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties and germplasm, leading to its potential for rapid spread and evolution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA severe stem rust epidemic occurred in southern Ethiopia during November 2013 to January 2014, with yield losses close to 100% on the most widely grown wheat cultivar, 'Digalu'. Sixty-four stem rust samples collected from the regions were analyzed. A meteorological model for airborne spore dispersal was used to identify which regions were most likely to have been infected from postulated sites of initial infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe classification of brown leaf rust fungi (Puccinia recondita complex and allied species) on wheat (Triticum aestivum), rye (Secale cereale), and other grasses in the family Poaceae has experienced a long history of controversy and uncertainty due to the reduced morphological characteristics available for taxonomy and difficulty of conducting interfertility experiments. However, because these are pathogens on important crops, it is important to clarify the species delimitations reflecting the natural lineages. In this study, phylogenetic analyses were conducted with DNA sequence data from the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region and elongation factor 1-α to elucidate this species complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks; Pt) and stem rust fungi (P. graminis f.sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRust fungi are obligate biotrophic pathogens that cause considerable damage on crop plants. Puccinia graminis f. sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe barley stem rust resistance gene Reaction to Puccinia graminis 1 (Rpg1), encoding a receptor-like kinase, confers durable resistance to the stem rust pathogen Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver the past several years, southern corn rust (SCR) outbreaks caused by the fungus Puccinia polysora have become increasingly problematic for corn growers in the United States. SCR is currently diagnosed through the visual examination of disease symptoms and pathogen morphology, including pigmentation, size, shape, and location of fruiting structures. However, these characteristics are similar to those produced by the common corn rust fungus P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRust fungi are some of the most devastating pathogens of crop plants. They are obligate biotrophs, which extract nutrients only from living plant tissues and cannot grow apart from their hosts. Their lifestyle has slowed the dissection of molecular mechanisms underlying host invasion and avoidance or suppression of plant innate immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe life history of Puccinia striiformis remains a mystery because the alternate host has never been identified. Inoculation of grasses using aeciospores from naturally infected Berberis chinensis and B. koreana resulted in infection on Poa pratensis, producing uredinia typical of stripe rust caused by P.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study we provide a phylogenetically based introduction to the classes and orders of Pucciniomycotina (= Urediniomycetes), one of three subphyla of Basidiomycota. More than 8000 species of Pucciniomycotina have been described including putative saprotrophs and parasites of plants, animals and fungi. The overwhelming majority of these (approximately 90%) belong to a single order of obligate plant pathogens, the Pucciniales (= Uredinales), or rust fungi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe developed an evolutionary relevant model system, barley-Puccinia [corrected] rust fungi, to study the inheritance and specificity of plant factors that determine to what extent innate nonhost immunity can be suppressed. A mapping population was developed from a cross between an experimental barley line (SusPtrit) [corrected] with exceptional susceptibility to several heterologous [corrected] (nonhost) rust fungi and regular, immune, cv. Vada [corrected] Seedlings were inoculated with five heterologous [corrected] and two homologous (host) species of rust fungi.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe fungal genus Puccinia contains more than 4,000 species. Puccinia triticina, causal agent of wheat leaf rust, is an economically significant, biotrophic basidiomycete. Little is known about the molecular biology of this group, and tools for understanding gene function have not yet been established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: SUMMARY Stem rust has been a serious disease of wheat, barley, oat and rye, as well as various important grasses including timothy, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass. The stem rust fungus, Puccinia graminis, is functionally an obligate biotroph. Although the fungus can be cultured with difficulty on artificial media, cultures grow slowly and upon subculturing they develop abnormal ploidy levels and lose their ability to infect host plants [Bushnell and Bosacker (1982) Can.
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